...The Nile River was a God to worship, the water was not only vital for survival but also it was a great part of the three empires (Egypt, Sumer, and Indus) have contributed symbolicy to the modern age with-in a variety of ways. This shows that the 3 empires couldn't live without the River. One of the most important similarity of the 3 Empires is had development of written records. First they recorded important events ( like religious texts, wars, and how long people lived) are important to the 3 culture. The Sumer culture wrote on a system called cuneiform. The cuneiform had many symbols and wedges. Alike, in Egypt the people used hieroglyphics which was mostly pictorial and symbols and also stood for sound and ideas. The Indus culture had...
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...These four civilizations affected the world in many ways. In fact, some of their inventions are so great, they are still used and practiced these days, like written laws and languages from Mesopotamia, enormous buildings from Egypt, Buddhism and the number system from India, and finally, most of the inventions from China. Thanks to them, we can have thThe Contributions to the World The four ancient River Valley Civilizations influenced the future civilizations with their wonderful inventions and technologies. The River Valley Civilizations were Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China. Mesopotamia had a written language, Egypt built the pyramids, India had medical advancements, and China had a philosophy called Confucianism. Their inventions were...
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...Ancient Egypt -- a land of mysteries. No other civilization has so captured the imagination of scholars and laypeople alike. Mystery surrounds its origins, its religion and its monumental architecture: colossal temples, pyramids and the enormous Sphinx. The Egyptian pyramids are the most famous of all the ancient monuments, the only remaining wonder of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Just as life arose from the waters, the seeds of civilization were first sown along the banks of the Nile. This mighty river, which flows north from the heart of Africa to the Mediterranean Sea, nourished the growth of the pharaonic kingdom. The long, narrow flood plain was a magnet for life, attracting people, animals and plants to its banks. In pre-dynastic times, nomadic hunters settled in the valley and began to grow crops to supplement their food supply. Seen as a gift from the gods, the annual flooding of the river deposited nutrient rich silt over the land, creating ideal conditions for growing wheat, flax and other crops. The first communal project of this fledgling society was the building of irrigation canals for agricultural purposes. The sun was a principal deity whose passage across the sky represented the eternal cycle of birth, death and rebirth. The pharaohs were seen as gods, divine representatives on earth who, through rituals, ensured the continuation of life. After death, they became immortal, joining the gods in the afterworld. The Egyptians also believed that the body...
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...inspired by the ancient river valley civilizations. Although they ancient civilizations did not inspire like the iphone or ipad. They inspired a lot of better things such as, the sailboat and even mail( OI ). This was around 3500 B.C.Two contributions from the mesopotamian civilization were the invention of cuneiform and hammurabi’s code. To begin, the ancient Sumerians invented cuneiform, which paved the way for written language in the future (OI). Cuneiform was the very first written language, invented over 5000 years ago (Doc. 1). Cuneiform could only be written by scribes in the ziggurat (OI).Sumerians used cuneiform for keeping track of business dealings, keeping records and more (Doc. 1). From all of these new ideas they were able to be passed from generation to generation (Doc. 1). After the scribes wrote on the clay tablets they were then baked in a kiln...
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...conquer nearby villages and protect outlying territories. The relative wealth of the valley in terms of farming territory and access to water made it one of the most important areas for civilized development. These villages began appearing along the rivers as early as 6000 BC. China boasts the oldest continuous civilization on Earth. The villages were conquered and reconquered by one dynasty after another in an effort to consolidate power. The earliest military action in the region was recorded during the Xia Dynasty in roughly 2200 BCE. By comparison, the Roman Empire was in the heart of one of the most fertile sections of land to be found anywhere. The fertile soil of the Po and Tiber River valleys allowed the Romans to grow a large variety of grains and even olives, providing surpluses for food and trade. Access to the Mediterranean, allowed the Romans easy access to trade partners and helped develop one of the strongest economies in the ancient world. The empire used this wealth to strengthen and develop its mighty military. Additionally, the Roman Empire was largely protected from invasion by the Alps and Apennines, two mountain ranges that surrounded the center of the empire. Of the two groups, the Roman soldiers were the better treated in their...
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...The Contribution of the Nile River to the early Egyptian Civilization One of the primary and arguably the most important geographical feature that facilitated the early stages of development of the Egyptian people was the Nile River. It provided the early Egyptians with a range of sociological benefits. First and foremost would be the natural fertilization process caused by the annual flooding of the Nile. It would deposit silt in the nearby plains creating optimal conditions for crop farming to support the local population. The Nile was an easy way for the early Egyptians to transport goods and materials such as wood and limestone used to build the pyramids, as well as trade with other societies along the Nile. The Nile was extremely important to the Egyptians development. Religiously as well as culturally, the Egyptians believed that when the Nile flooded it was a gift from the god Hapi. The entire area surrounding the Nile River valley is desert and the only reason the valley is as hospitable at all is because of the Nile. In fact the valley wouldn’t exist in the first place if not for the Nile as valleys are more often than not formed by land erosion from water. Spruithi September 6, 2012 Archaeology of Ancient Egypt http://anthropology.msu.edu/anp455-fs12/2012/09/06/the-nile/ The effect of Tea on the cultural diffusion and exchange of early societies Oddly enough something as simple as tea has had a profound effect on cultural exchange, take for example...
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...story of the Stalling Culture, an American Indian civilization that resided in the Savannah River Valley near the Tennessee River almost 4,000 years ago. Kenneth Sassaman provides an intricate yet engaging perspective to the “rise and fall of the Stallings” Island culture as well as illustrate the “archaeology that brings Stalling history to life” (Sassaman 26). Sassaman tells the story of the shoals people...
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...A. Discuss the origins of Christianity? Who was Paul of Tarsus? What Contributions did he make to Christianity? Why did it ultimately survive and succeed? The Origins of Christianity originates from when Judea came under Roman rule in 6 C.E. The roman didn’t really care for the Jews and their beliefs, in turn, the Jews turned to religion and the wanting or waiting of being saved from the Roman oppression. The Jews believed in one god, unlike the Romans, and they believed that this one god would sent a messiah or chosen one, that would help free them from the Roman Empire and their ruling power. In other words, the Jews believed a military leader anointed by God to lead the Jews and drive out the Romans from the Jewish holy land. Out of this rebellion of sorts, a man named Jesus rose to the task of trying to reform the beliefs and practices of the Jews. Many people believed that Jesus was a Rabbi of a teacher, but in fact he was a young Jewish carpenter from Galilee in Northern Israel. Jesus was also a Jew, but his teachings were somewhat out of the ordinary for Judaism. Jesus believed that as children of God that his followers should go back to religion in its purest form of spirituality and personal faith. Jesus was also not very fond of how the Jewish religious were corrupt and living in excess, while so many others were poverty stricken. Jesus was offended with how the current Jewish political and religious leaders were obsessed money and power. Jesus was...
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...Mesopotamia is a region of land between the Euphrates River and the Tigris River covering land in current day Syria and Iraq. One of the earliest civilizations that inhabited this region was the Sumerians who occupied the area where the mouth of both rivers are located just short of the Persian Gulf in present day Iraq. This land is a valley set between two rivers and is an alluvial plain. This land was very fertile and provided enough food to sustain the people that settled there. The climate of this region ranged from desert to humid areas making it an ideal place for a civilization to thrive. The mud and clay from the rivers was excellent for making bricks used in building the cities in which the people lived. Reeds grew in abundance along...
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... Jhen~Hkxon~xhrk@ v0&2@16 The Rig-Vedic society is a wonderful gift of Nature to the human race in the land of the five rivers. The earth is the motherland of human society but the surface of the mother earth astro-geographically is not the same everywhere. A part of it is astro-geographically blessed with six eco-friendly seasons in a year; its other parts are not so equally blessed. These differences in regional astro-geographical conditions have naturally directed the regional primitive inhabitants to develop the socio-economic structure with the natural resources daily renewably available in the region. The objective of this chapter is to prove the Rig-Vedic socio-economic management a...
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...1)What does the study of humanities involve? What is the relevance of humanities in architecture? 1.The study of humanities involves academic disciplines that study human culture and history. The humanities include ancient and modern languages ,literature, philosophy, religion, and visual and performing arts such as music and theatre. We learn about distant cultures or past cultures. Through the exploration of humanities we learn how to think creatively and critically to reason and ask questions. These efforts preserve the great accomplishments of the past help us understand the world we live in and give us tools to imagine the future. 2.What are the broad divisions of human history? Write a brief on each. Prehistory (meaning "before history", or "before knowledge acquired by investigation", from the Latin word for "before," præ, and historia) is the span of time before recorded history or the invention of writing systems. Prehistory refers to the period of human existence before the availability of those written records with which recorded history begins. More broadly, it can refer to all the time preceding human existence and the invention. The term "prehistory" can refer to the vast span of time since the beginning of the Universe, but more often it refers to the period since life appeared on Earth, or even more specifically to the time since human-like beings appeared.[4][5] In dividing up human prehistory, prehistorians typically use the three-age system, whereas scholars...
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...HUM101: WORLD CIVILIZATION AND CULTURE TOPIC 1: STONE AGE- PROLOGUE TO CIVILIZATION History: History is the record and interpretation of human past. It is useful and it teaches us many things about the world we live in. History is about everyday things which includes the factors how people use to travel, live, wear, eat, cook food, what were there beliefs, what kind of government they had, what theye use to do in their free time etc. All these factors makes history interesting and gives us an idea about the past actions of human beings. Before discovering what happened in history we must know when it happened. Chronology in history : BC: Before Christ BCE: Before Christian Era AD: Anno Domini CE: Christian Era Decade Century Millennium For example, we can count our age from the time we were born but we cannot count like these in history. No one knows when the world began and no one could write about 6000 years ago. But we must have a date that we can call Year One. People in different countries use different dates for Year One and sometimes often measure the date which is important in their religion. In Christian Calendar Year One is denoted as the year when Jesus Christ was born. AD means Anno Domini. These are Latin Word for ‘In the year of our Lord’. But also we want to count years before Christ was born which is before Year One. Time before Christ was born is known as (Before Christ). There are no written records about how people use to live in the past. Time before...
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...The Cocopah Indian Tribe is one of the numerous Native American tribes of Arizona that is continuously active. Its strong sense of culture and participation in its surrounding civilization has helped it thrive as one of the most well known tribes still in existence. The Cocopah’s extensive history as an early Yuman community and its current cultural influence in Arizona make it acknowledged as both an intriguing tribe and major source of the state’s ethnic identity. The Cocopah Indian Tribe of Arizona, otherwise called “the River People,” originated in lands along the Colorado River and Lower Colorado River as one of the several descendant tribes of the Yuman-speaking people (“About Us”). The name “Cocopah” derives from the tribe’s name for...
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...HUM 1000: WORLD CIVILIZATIONS NOTES BY DR. KAKAI P.W THE NATURE AND ORIGIN OF CIVILIZATION IN AFRICA Definition of key terms As we begin this course, it is crucial to first discuss our understanding of the concept ‘civilization’. This is a comparative term which is usually applied in comparison to such words as ‘barbarian’ ‘savage’ and ‘primitive’. In classical antiquity the Europeans used the word ‘barbarian’ to refer to a foreigner who was regarded as inferior (Ogutu and Kenyanchui, An Introduction To African History, 1991 p33). Do you think this is still the way we use the word barbarian? The Latin speakers referred to hunters, food-gatherers as savage. In the 17th century this term ‘savage’ referred to a person without art, literacy, or society who lived in fear of existence and death. ‘Primitive’ on the other hand, in Latin meant ‘the first or original’. Europeans used these words interchangeably when referring to non-Europeans while the word civilization was preserved to describe historical developments of European people (ibid). Now the term civilization is no longer confined to the above development but also extends reference to non-European communities. Attributes of civilization includes observance to law, belonging to an organized society, having a society of literate people with advanced developments in urbanization, agriculture, commerce, arts and technology. The French thinkers of the 18th century referred to a person of the arts and literature...
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...territory borders the Pacific Ocean to the west and bounded on the north with Ecuador, northeastern Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia and southern Chile. It has a complex geography is dominated by the elevations of the Andes and the Pacific currents, which makes the climates and landscapes as widely varied as the desert coast, the highlands of the high Andes and the rainforest of the Amazon basin, all environments that shape the country as a land of great variety of natural resources. The heterogeneity of geographic and climatic rigors of the country led to the first settlers early Peruvians to the twelfth millennium B.C. to adapt by developing one of the widest range of cultural traditions, as the oldest civilization of Caral that five thousand years ago, around the production cycles of each region, many of which resulted in a regional theocratic states. In early second century B.C., states began to be played, by periods, control of the peoples of the Andes. By the sixteenth century, the later and vast domain of these states, the Inca Empire was annexed by the Spanish conquerors with the support of dissident ethnic groups to Inca. The Spanish crown had established a viceroyalty that included most of its South American colonies. In 1821 the country became independent, basing a state that was immersed in internal and external conflict periods alternating periods of economic prosperity. The Peruvian population, estimated at more than 28 million people...
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