...Cassie’s current situation can be understood from the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) concept. ACEs are traumatic events that can have negative, lasting effects on health and well-being (Chapman, Dube, & Anda, 2007). Cassie is dealing with PTSD, which is a personal experience that involves actual threat to one’s physical integrity, due to her childhood trauma. Biologically, Cassie’s PTSD is impacting her brain development due to poor behavioral choices that are harmful to the brain. For example, Cassie’s out of control behavior puts her body in a state of arousal, and high alert because neurologically she doesn't have the capacity to return back to baseline where her parasympathetic nervous system kicks in and signals the brain to relax and rest (Cozolino, 2014). Therefore, the stress hormone cortisol remains throughout her body, which is toxicity to the body and mind....
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...How the body copes with hunger Hunger - a Brazilian challenge Debt crisis means more people go without food - in rich states, too Once the brain has flicked a special switch, a person can go without food for quite a while. Sadly, if you are sick and weak already, this mechanism does not work properly. The same applies to children. illustration of inner organs in the body The body has an emergency coping mechanism for hard times Evolution has prepared human beings to survive without food for periods of two to three months, if the person is healthy to start with and has access to enough water. "We're all designed to be experts at dealing with hunger," Joachim Gardemann, professor for human biology and humanitarian aid at Münster Polytechnic, explained. "Hunger is not a disease, it's a skill the human body has," he said. Given the suffering in large parts of Africa, this may sound cynical, but from a medical point of view, it is a crucial strategy for survival in humans. An unethical experiment Gardemann's knowledge on how the body copes with hunger is largely thanks to an experiment that would be unthinkable today, as any ethics committee would nip it in the bud. In the mid-1940s, US scientist Ancel Keys conducted an experiment on 36 men, who were only allowed half the calories they would normally need. Keys' aim was for each participant to lose a quarter of his weight. He then gradually built up to their original weight again, which...
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...example, the conditions children experience in third world countries may be considered “traumatic” to a child who has grown up in a first world environment. Much of this differentiation can be attributed to the social factors surrounding the individual. What is considered to be abusive or traumatic in one country may be considered the social norm in another. When abuse and obscene exposure meet social abnormality, trauma occurs. This trauma paired with the developing brain of a child, can cause extreme damage to the affected individual. Research shows that this psychological and physical damage resulting from trauma is especially true for children not yet reached adolescence (Child Help, n.d.). Adolescence is defined as any age before the child’s thirteenth birthday (Psychology Today, n.d.). Because of these factors, childhood trauma can cause psychological, physical, and social damage to the affected individual if he or she is left untreated. The brain of a child is constantly growing and developing. In fact, a human brain is not fully developed until the age 25 (Psychology Today, n.d.). Because of this, trauma that occurs within childhood puts the individual at a high risk toward developing psychological disorders later in life. In fact, studies show that childhood trauma has a direct correlation the development of personality disorders. The most common personality disorder that is linked to childhood trauma is Borderline Personality Disorder (Cattane, 2017). Borderline Personality...
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...appropriate WikiProject or portal exists, please adjust this template accordingly. | Stress is defined as an organism's total response to an environmental condition or stimulus, also known as a stressor. Stress typically describes a negative condition that can have an impact on an organism's mental and physical well-being. |Contents | | [hide] | |1 Ambiguity of the word | |1.1 Biological background | |2 Neuroanatomy | |2.1 Brain | |2.1.1 Hypothalamus | |2.1.2 Amygdala | |2.1.3 Hippocampus | |2.1.4 Locus coeruleus | |2.1.5 Raphe nucleus...
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...Coping with Pain in Labour M203.1 Assignment 1 Tutor: Due: Coping with Pain in Labour Pain in labour is something that all pregnant women think about at some stage, what it will be like and definitely, how will they cope with it. For some women wondering about the pain in labout can be terrifying and their instan thought is to have some kind of pharmaceutical pain relief as soon as possible. In this essay I am going to discuss coping with pain in labour. I will discuss the physiology of pain, how it is classified physiologically, the pathways used and how the body percieves pain. I am going to discuss some different ways of managing pain that are non-pharmaceutical, for instance, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and massage. I will discuss briefly a womens’ perspective on pain in labour and cultural perspectives on pain in labour. To start at the beginning what is pain? “Pain can be defined as a sensation evoked by tissue damage that stimulates the activity of specific receptors transmitting information to pain centres in the brain”, (Coad, J. 2001). Pain varies for everybody, it is complex and everybody’s experiences are different, depending on that persons previous experience of pain, the physiological process and the context. Anticipating pain increases the levels of anxiety and also how the intensity of that pain is percieved. It is believed that if the woman thinks she is in control of events then pain is...
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...result in numerous neurological, cognitive, and functional disabilities and deficits. In more severe cases, death is the result of Shaken Baby Syndrome. While there are many obvious and immediate symptoms of Shaken Baby Syndrome such as vomiting, lethargy, respiratory distress, seizure activity, decreased consciousness, increased intracranial pressure, and retinal hemorrhage; there are as many if not more permanent and long range ramifications (Miehl, 2005). Traumatic brain injuries that occur when the brain of the child is severely shaken inside the cranial cavity cause irreparable damage. Survivors of Shaken Baby Syndrome possess some degree of neurological and/or cognitive deficiency and exhibit seizure disorders, cerebral atrophy, chronic subdural fluid collections, and encephalomacia (Miehl, 2005). These injuries may later manifest in motor, cognitive, and learning disabilities. Research suggests that children who suffer severe brain injury before the age of 6 do not catch up with their non-brain injured peers and have a lower rate of gaining new skills (Miehl, 2005). Long term impairment due to Shaken...
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...1. Definition/Description: Anxiety is a response to a real or imagined danger. Mild anxiety is a common experience and usually requires no treatment. People actually experience anxiety everyday, and in case of mild anxiety, it can be the motivation for achievement, and results in a better outcome. However, moderate to severe anxiety is a symptom of psychiatric disorders such as a phobia, panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Chronic and severe anxiety are treated with antianxiety drugs, also called anxiolytics or minor tranquilizers. Anxiety is a feeling of apprehension, fear, or worry. It can occur without a cause and may not be based on a real-life situation. Symptoms of anxiety vary with the form of anxiety disorder. Common anxiety disorders include panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, phobic disorder, OCD, and PTSD. Treatment of anxiety depends on the cause. Short-term anxiety attacks can be treated at home with interventions such as talking with a supportive person, meditating, taking a warm bath, resting in a quiet place, or performing deep-breathing exercises. Life style modification, such as balanced diet, regular exercise, and adequate sleep can be helpful to overcome anxiety. If the cause is physical, such as a tumor called a phechormocytoma, surgical removal of the tumor can resolve the symptom of anxiety. Hyperthyroidism can be the cause of anxiety, and the...
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...Problem-focused coping strategies are coping efforts primarily aimed at directly changing or managing a threatening or harmful stressor. In Ch. 8, a problem-focused coping example would be self-care. By taking care of your health, you are able to make an impact on your stress level. In order to keep stress levels under your control, it is important that you treat yourself the way you deserve to feel. In other words, nurture yourself. Another example is eating the right kinds of food, as well as amount. Our bodies need to make many nutrients to survive. When neglected, some of us develop unhealthy habits connecting stress and food. Instead of filling up your hunger, this type of eating has to do with immediate gratification and escape from stress. As a result, one must not give in to the bad temptation of food under such circumstances. Instead, by having more of complex carbohydrates, proteins, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamin C, Choline, and fluids, one would experience less stress and find more happiness. In addition, sleeping right to reduce stress is another problem-focused coping strategy. The lack of sleep can lead to impairment of daytime functioning. Lack of sleep can also hinder your normal bodily functions as well. All of this caused additional stress to a person. So, good quality sleep is vitally important, which means one should be getting approximately 8 hours of sleep to feel rested. Organizing your time is another problem-focused coping strategy. By knowing...
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...sources of stress in your own life, review your body’s response to stress, and then learn how cognitive appraisal dramatically affects how much stress you actually experience. Checking the Level of Stress in Your Life • What was your “Stress Test” score? ____39________ • Do you think that such a test accurately captures your experience? What other stressors should be included? I think it give you a general idea of the amount of stress your under, also adding something about your children should be included. Stress, Stressors, and Coping • Psychologists differentiate stressors, strain, and stress. What does each of these terms mean? A stressor is an externalsituation or event that triggers coping adjustments in a person. Stress is the process in which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors that we believe to be threatening or challenging, and coping is the cognitive, behavioural, and emotional ways that people handle stressful situations. The General Adaptation Syndrome • Describe Selye’s general adaptation syndrome. Selye argued that every organism has a state of internal balance called homeostasis. External stressors disturb this balance, producing an immediate general physiological aarousal. The organism adjusts to the stress in stages, first mobilizing its resources, then using them to cope with the stresss, and eventually depleting its energy resources. Selye called this sequence of...
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...international families, parents tend to have high hopes for their children. This can often be harmful for the children’s development due to the high amounts of pressure to succeed. Children often develop what is called atelophobia, or the fear of not being good enough or imperfect (Atelophobia Organization). Similar to people with OCD, as described in The Brain That Changes Itself, people with atelophobia have comparable troubles: “the more he thinks about his fear, however, the more he worries” (Doidge 165). Intrigued by this information, I shall be exploring the psychology of high expectations and the fear of not being good enough. Specifically, I intend to relate this to my own fears. In my experience dealing with this type of stress, I have found that my anxiety over the possibility of failure is amplified by the fact that I was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at the age of 5. By delving into the psychology of atelophobia and examining unique strategies for coping, I hope to implement a change in my own life. My end goal is to be able to lead a healthier life with less self-detriment and stress while coping with ADHD. Born in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Catharina Reinholz Sabó, my great-grandmother, fled her country during World War One and went to São Paulo, Brazil. When she arrived, she had absolutely nothing: no home, no money, and no family. After years of being a domestic servant, she was able to invest all her savings to start what is now a multinational...
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...Adolescent Cognitive Development After Trauma Raquel A. Figueroa Liberty University COUN 620-B02 Abstract In a generation of hopelessness, adolescents seek a purpose for their existence. They seek refugee from violence, abuse and maltreatment. The overwhelming pressure opens the door for instant gratification in drugs, alcohol, sexual activity, and fail to make appropriate adjustments in compromising circumstances. There is a correlation between traumatic experiences and adolescent cognitive development. A traumatic experience can alter an adolescent’s neural system and adversely affect the latter stages of brain development. Working with survivors of traumatic events requires an understanding of maladaptive behaviors, reactions and coping skills. Behavioral patterns emerge and become part of an adolescent’s personality. This paper will highlight the impact of traumatic experiences on adolescent cognitive development and their ability to foster an intrinsic knowledge of self. Maltreatment of adolescents has reached epidemic proportions within the United States. According to Bright (2008), “One in four children/adolescents experience at least one traumatic event before age 16” (p. 11). A study commissioned by Finkelhor, Ormrod, & Turner (2005) concluded the exposure to “physical abuse, sexual abuse, witnessing domestic violence, community violence, and natural disasters is a common occurrence among children in the U.S.” (p. 314). Reports of...
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...is more common and it also has different spectrums and levels that vary tremendously. For instance, one of the well-known spectrums of Autism is Asperger’s Disorder, which is sometimes misdiagnosed as ADHD (Attention Deficit Hypertension Disorder) due to the similarities in the behavioral problems that are displayed. Some may think that Asperger’s and Autism go hand in hand and they are both the same in every way, but you would be very much mistaken to believe that. Even though Asperger’s is one autism spectrum disorder it are disorders that share similarities, they are characteristically different in terms of their symptoms, causes, diagnoses, and treatment/coping techniques. Asperger’s and Autism are two disorders who shares similarities and differences in terms of their symptoms. “Autism is a spectrum of complex brain disorders. The disorders result in social, behavioral, and communication problems”. Both disorders aren’t well known and sometimes misdiagnosed as more common disorders, due to the fact that the symptoms from both can often mimic other regressive behavioral and developmental disorders. “Asperger syndrome is a pervasive developmental disorders resulting in social and behavioral problem” (Wood, 2013). The similarities within the symptoms of Asperger’s and Autism are social and behavioral problems. These symptoms usually appears in both disorders between the ages of 2-6 years old, which are most commonly noticeable by a parent or a caregiver. Examples of the social...
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...Jacob Stephenson Mrs. Madix & Ms. Nash English 11B May 20, 2015 Addiction It may be that cup of coffee you can not start your morning without, the cigarette that is smoked during your break, or an alcoholic drink used to relieve a stressful day or to relieve your mind of a bothersome situation. The definition of Addiction used today is often used with the wrong meaning. Addictions come in different forms. For some, the addiction may not be to a substance, but something such as irresistible behaviors such as gambling, exploring the internet, or even shopping. Addiction can also have a detrimental impact on the people close to the addict. Addiction is a very common word used every day, but many don’t realize that addiction is a disease. Addiction is a disease whether it is an addiction to substances or certain behaviors. Dr. Vocaturo once stated that, “Substance abuse has been conceptualized and generally accepted to be a disease resulting from a biologic vulnerability triggered by a combination of psychological, social, and environmental factors” (393). Addiction and disease have corresponding definitions. More commonly a disease is thought of as an illness of the body or something we develop involuntarily such as diabetes, cancer or Alzheimer’s. “If addiction is truly compulsive and addictive action is not voluntary, then addiction has a much stronger claim to be a disease” (Perring 194). According to dictionary.com, disease is defined as, “a disordered or incorrectly...
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...Name: Adesokan d Temitope Assignment: Adjustment Case Study Course: Psychology 100 Lecturers Name: Paul Carrio Date: November/27/2014 1) Summarize the two (2) articles you selected from the NPR Website First article: Behind A Soldiers Suicidal Thoughts An Unknown Brain Injury After Sargent Ryan sharp returned from serving two hours in Iraq with the army’s 3rd Infantry division, he didn’t remember any conversation after the horrible incident, he remembered that he was with his sister at the pool, he had his pistol to his temple and his finger on the trigger, he wanted to shoot himself so he ran into the wood. His father wished he had known more and his father has seen a complete change in his son. Ryan was suffering from a brain injury and he remembered when he met with his friend, they were both deployed at the same time. His friend told him about his own permanent disability through the V.A and also his T.B.I problem. Then Ryan remembered the explosion and his team leader grabbing him by his vest and was shaking him, this event happened 10years ago. He was angry and taught the issue was fixable that if he spend enough time psychoanalyzing himself that he would be better eventually. He felt he couldn’t get himself ...
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...of 1 points The landmark legislation which mandates full access for people in wheelchairs to public establishments such as stores, office buildings, hotels, and theaters is called the Answer Selected Answer: Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Correct Answer: Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Question 2 0 out of 1 points Jayne is having difficulty finding adequate, affordable daycare for her child while she is at work. Instead of focusing on the negative, she looks at the bright side and realizes that at least she has a good job in a tight economy. Jayne is utilizing Answer Selected Answer: coping. Correct Answer: emotion-focused coping. Question 3 1 out of 1 points Which body part continues to exhibit growth both in size and weight during early adulthood? Answer Selected Answer: brain Correct Answer: brain Question 4 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is NOT considered a psychosomatic disorder? Answer Selected Answer: cancer Correct Answer: cancer Question 5 1 out of 1 points Mita is 21 years old. She has 2 jobs and is attending a local college. However, due to her hectic schedule, she is experiencing several stressors which are contributing to physical ailments. Mita does not want to take medication for her stress. The therapist at the college informs her to try and increase contact with friends as a means of decreasing her stress. This is referred to as Answer Selected Answer: social support...
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