...success can precisely be dated from his childhood. The composer was born in Salzburg in 1756 and died in 1791 having written over 600 pieces of work of which many remain popular to date. Mozart could play clavichord at the age of three and began writing short compositions at the age of four. When he was 5, he gave his first public performance at Salzburg University. Between 1763 and 1766, Mozart, Nannerl, his sister who was talented in music, together with their father who was a musician as well toured Europe. They visited Paris, London among several other places where Mozart gave several successful concerts, even performing before royalty. This research paper examines the crucial role Mozart played during The Enlightenment. It further highlights the contribution made by the Austrian composer in the transition to romantic from the Enlightenment. Before and during the time of Mozart, composers served the royal courts or church as highly-skilled servants. In the same manner, he began his carrier by working for Salzburg’s Archbishop. Notably, his travels to France as well as England gave him an exposure to the ideals of equality and independence as well. This exposure prompted him to sever his loyalty to the master who employed him to offer services in a very rigid manner. He left for Vienna where he found more freedom and engaged in public concerts and commissions for a living. In his time, salons often attracted friendly gatherings of philosophers as well as thinkers and Mozart...
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...complexity of this transformative era. The events of the French Revolution, transpiring over the span of a decade, were part of a grander Age of Revolutions and at the same time were comprised of a series of smaller stories of individual French citizens becoming politically engaged amidst tremendous poverty, intellectual transformation, and ultimately... violence. A combination of factors including rising expectations spurred by the Enlightenment, massive starvation, and frustration with the mismanagement of an inept monarchy pushed the Revolution’s initial aims. These aims were worn down as political conflicts splintered revolutionary groups and led to a frenzy of executions by guillotine. The special two-hour presentation, The French Revolution, peels through the layers of these remarkable years, from 1789 through the turn of a new century, to reveal an era of intense and lasting political and intellectual change. While the complexity of the French Revolution might seem to present daunting challenges, its significance in shaping international currents merits a careful exploration. Within the course of a decade, the French monarchy was shorn of its political power, a framework was created for a universal understanding of basic human and civil rights, and countless French citizens across class backgrounds acted to achieve political power in an era of repression and economic uncertainty. The “Age of Reason,” also known as the “Enlightenment,” was the historical context which...
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...COURSE DESCRIPTION Surveys the arts, literature, belief systems, and major events in the development of cultures around the globe from the European Renaissance to the contemporary period. INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS Required Resources Sayre, H. M. (2012). The humanities: Culture, continuity and change, Volume 2 (2nd ed.). (2011 Custom Edition). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education. Supplemental Resources Harmon, D. E. (2002). Explorers of the South Pacific: A thousand years of exploration, from Polynesians to Captain Cook and beyond. Broomall, PA: Mason Crest Publishers. McKenzie, L. (2000). Non-western art: A brief guide (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Tuchman, B. W. (1996).The proud tower: A portrait of the world before the war, 1890-1914. New York, NY: Ballantine Books. Ward, G. C., & Burns, K. (2002). Jazz: A history of America’s music. New York, NY: Knopf. Doubleday Publishing Group. COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. Explain how key social, cultural, and artistic contributions contribute to historical changes. 2. Explain the importance of situating a society’s cultural and artistic expressions within a historical context. 3. Examine the influences of intellectual, religious, political, and socio-economic forces on social, cultural, and artistic expressions. 4. Identify and describe key artistic styles in the visual arts of world cultures from the Renaissance to the contemporary period. 5. Identify and describe key...
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...Astrology Research Paper Astrology was found in early 17th century, It created a different kind of impact for everyone, and is still making an impact till this date. Astrology was never accepted by everyone, some people thought it was just a superstitious belief and it’s unreal, and some believed it was actually a key to changing one's fate and destiny.Astrology began its journey from weather predictions, to horoscopes, to zodiac signs, to changing people's destiny just by saying a few simple words. The first introduction of the whole concept of zodiac was introduced by the Babylonians in the 18th century. Babylonians believed that the sequence of the entire constellation in the universe along the sun had reflected a passage through...
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...Find one website devoted to The Enlightenment and post it to the webliography. Provide an overview of the website and assess its usefulness for research. You must choose a different site than your classmates, so check what has been posted before adding your own. Grading Rubric Description Possible Points Usefulness of site for research 10 Quality of written description 10 Grammar/spelling 5 Total Week 2 Reflective Paper Choose an individual: Sir Isaac Newton, Descartes, Bacon, Spinoza, Locke, Hume, Hobbes, Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, Adam Smith, Immanuel Kant, Hegel, Edmund Burke, Owen, Edward Baines, Chadwick, John Stuart Mill, Comte, de Tocqueville, Fourier, Saint-Simon, de Maistre, Feuerbach, or Herbert Spencer. Write a 500-word reflective essay connecting the individual to a TCO for the course. Papers are required to contain at least two outside resources and the textbook. All sources need to be cited using APA citation. The paper should have at least five in-text citations using proper APA format (no URLs for in-text citations). Week 3 Webliography Activity Find websites devoted to Nietszche, Freud, Einstein, psychoanalysis, new physics, and other topics covered in the two chapters above and post it to the Webliography (see tabs across the top of the course shell). Provide an overview of the website (in your own words, nothing copied from the site) and assess its usefulness for research for this class. You must choose...
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...|distinguish between the scientists Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton, and Harvey and their works | | |compare the political theories of Hobbes and Locke | | |explain how science and philosophy influenced one another during the Enlightenment | | |explain the term enlightened despot, using the model of Frederick II of Prussia | | |Click here for the course glossary | | |Click here for a Timeline of The Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution | | |This lesson discusses European society between 1600 and 1800--an era marked by the power of ideas and rational | | |thinking. The term Scientific Revolution is used to describe the growing acceptance and influence of the scientific| | |method and the belief that reason and inquiry can explain and even change the world. The term Enlightenment is | | |perhaps a more accurate name for this period because it incorporates a variety of intellectual movements that today| | |we do not consider sciences: philosophy, theology, economics, history, and political theory. | | |The word scientist did...
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...NATURALISM _______________________________________________ Research Essay _______________________________________________ In partial fulfilment of the requirements in Introduction to Philosophy and Worldviews at Cornerstone Institute _______________________________________________ by Leeandri Smith 32156 28 April 2013 Contents Describing Naturalism according to Naugle, Stone and Danto 1 Introduction 2 History of Naturalism 2 Ancient Greeks 2 The Enlightenment 3 Modern World on Naturalism 3 Naturalism in the 20th Century 4 The start of Naturalism 4 The Basic philosophical questions 5 Effects on society due to the naturalistic worldview 8 Dangers of naturalism to society 9 Conclusion 10 Bibliography 11 Describing Naturalism according to Naugle, Stone and Danto. “Naturalism is an impression determined by the subjugation of the intellectual facts to the mechanical order of things” (Naugle 2002:96) “This is a set of beliefs and attitudes that focus on this world on the negative side it involves the assertion that there seems to be no ontologically distinct and superior realm (such as God, soul or heaven) to ground, explain, or give meaning to this world. On the positive side it affirms that extension should be focused on the events and processes of this world to provide what degree of explanation and meaning...
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...Nazi Germany, it is of course the most extreme example in human history. This paper will examine the invention of the word itself by Wilhelm Marr and what its invention contributed to the Nazi ideology, how the political status and long-standing hatred of the Jews influenced support for antisemitic prejudices, and the ideas that Nazism drew on for their own form of antisemitic beliefs. As previously mentioned, the term antisemitism was coined by journalist Wilhelm Marr to contrast his scientific and racial hatred of the Jews with religious forms of anti-Judaism. While Marr could have used the conventional German term, “Judenhass,” to refer to his hatred of the Jews, his new term eliminated the any religious connotation that the conventional word may have carried with it. The distinction between the hatred of the Jews for political, economic, or religious reasons and the hatred of them for racially based reasons is important to antisemitic beliefs because while in theory, the Jews could have adjusted their political, economic, and religious practices to assimilate with society, but attributing the problem to their supposed “race” left them no outlet. Prior to the invention of the term, enlightenment antisemitism and liberal antisemitism offered some explanation aside from racially based issues as to why the Jews couldn’t assimilate with the rest of society effectively. For example, enlightenment antisemitism from the 18th century suggested that the Jews simply needed to be...
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...Three Kingdoms Period of Korea The Three Kingdoms period of Korea is an important part of world history. This research paper will describe the three kingdoms of Korea, from 57 Before Common Era until 688 Common Era into the Unified Silla Kingdom period. The history and art from these periods will be discussed in order to show the impact it has had on the Korean culture. This paper will show the Influence China had when the Koreans created their empire and works of art. The Three Kingdoms period of Korea began in 57 BCE due, in part, to the Chinese occupation of the western peninsula. There were many tribes in Korea, prior to 100 BCE, when the Chinese fought and gained control of the western peninsula. The strongest of all the Korean tribes were migratory hunters known as the Koguryo tribe. (Korean Enigma, 2004). The Koguryo tribe was a difficult adversary for the Chinese and made it difficult to for them to keep their stronghold. The Chinese were forced to leave their three outposts in Korea, giving the territory back to the Koguryo tribe. The Koguryo tribe overtook the Chinese, Okcho and Ye tribes, and incorporated them into their own. The powerful Koguryo tribe continued battling the Chinese and eventually conquered half of Manchuria. (Korean Enigma, 2004). The Han Tribes also occupied Korea during this period. With the defeat of the Chinese, the Hans branched out and formed two separate kingdoms, Paekche and Silla. The Three Kingdoms of Korea included Koguryo, Paekche...
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...period of the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This period of time is regarded as the period of the Enlightenment. A few of the major figures of this particular “movement” were Rene Descartes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Immanuel Kant. They altered the way in which the social world was viewed and helped pave the way for other classical social theorists to explain the individual’s role in society. Karl Marx, Alexis de Tocqueville, Henri De Saint-Simon, and Emile Durkheim are only the names of a few classical social theorists who set out to explore the role of an individual within society. These men believed that Reason, along with the application of a scientific approach, would be able to positively change the world and break through to a new form of power and authority. Although the ideas and theories of these men give rise to far greater advancement in sociological theory, there is a failure in intuition, and thus, a failure of the classical sociological element. The first section of this paper includes an explanation of classical sociology along with an overview of the theories associated with some of the greatest sociologists of this time. The next section of this paper explores reasons and explanations for the failure of classical social theory and interpretations to why before-mentioned theories were compromised. The final section of this paper summarizes some of the conclusions drawn about the failure of this particular ideology. I. Classical Sociology/Theories...
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...human history from the Paleolithic era through the Vietnam War and into our postmodern world. Your course project will culminate in a nine-ten page paper. Your research paper will require a minimum of five academic-scholarly sources. Both in-text citation and an end reference page as specified by the APA style sheet are required. Scrupulous documentation plus high originality, analysis, insight, and fresh applications of ideas are highly prized. Mere reporting, describing, and finding others’ ideas are discouraged, and plagiarism is grounds for failure. Your paper is to be 70–80% original and 20–30% resourced (documented via turnitin.com). Details and milestones follow. Your final grade includes points accumulated for your discussions; proposal; a two-part annotated bibliography; a draft; and a final paper. The following are guidelines to assist you in completing the course successfully. Guidelines for the Proposal (100 points): A proposal offers a detailed and full description of your project (as best you know it at the time of writing) in no more than 2 pages. To succeed, students will need to find at least one source of information related to their topics. Students may work with their professors to identify areas of inquiry or may accept a topic and focus from the list. Understand that you are making a best effort to describe your project early on, but allow yourself to be open to growth and change as you conduct research and focus your intentions. Guidelines...
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...One of the proudest accomplishments of my life was earning my college degree, despite the fact that my early adulthood pointed in the opposite direction, beginning with my marriage at the age of 19. Throughout the 1990s I lived as one of the "working poor," someone who slipped through the cracks of supposedly historic prosperity. By the age of 25 I was divorced and frustrated with menial, low - paying jobs: clerk, receptionist, and hou secleaner. There is nothing like scrubbing someone else's toilet to inspire one with determination toward obtaining an education. Because of my absolute commitment toward earning my degree, I got a flexible shift at a retail warehouse which enabled me to a cquire my degree while supporting myself financially. Enrolled at the local community college, I experienced a different world opening up to me; excited by a new encouraging environment, I excelled academically. I learned that if I tried hard, I could suc ceed; if I wanted something badly enough, I possessed the ability to take advantage of these opportunities. I worked a minimum 35 - hour workweek for five years to put myself through school without succumbing to the temptation of a student loan. I paid tuiti on up front with the money I earned. It was the example of my mother, a Puerto Rican immigrant working diligently to provide for her family, who instilled a work ethic into me that has stood me in good stead. With a lifelong passion for history, I have de veloped an interest in...
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...History of Politics A Research Paper Presented to The class of Miss Rhoda Mae R. Navasquez Southern Cotabato Academy, Inc. In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Subject English IV by Jeison L. Omandam December 01, 2011 INTRODUCTION Political history is the description and analysis of significant political occasions, movements, thoughts, and leaders. Typically it is developed around the nation states. It is distinguished from but relevant to other areas of history such as economic history, social history, and military history. Usually, political history discusses events pertaining to nation-states and the political process in particular. As per Hegelian doctrine, Political History ‘is a perception of the state with a guiding force beyond the material benefits of its subjects: it meant that the state was the root factor of historical change’. This differs with one, for example, social history, which predominantly discusses the events and lifestyles of common folks, or people’s history, that is historical account from the view point of a lay person. A study of political history typically centers on a single nation and its political change and aggrandizement. A few historians highlight the ever increasing drift toward confined specialization in political history over the course of recent decades: ‘wherein a college professor in the 1940s resorted to identify himself as a “historian”, by the 1950s “American historian” was the designation.’ Political...
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...against non-European groups in the Republic of South Africa. (Reference). A regressive government policy that encouraged racial segregation and that was only officially renounced in 1992. (Collins dictionary). Eugenics is the study of methods of improving the quality of the human race, especially by selective breeding (Collins dictionary) and is link closely to scientific racism. Scientific racism is the use of scientific techniques and hypotheses to support or justify the belief in racism, racial inferiority, or racial superiority, or alternatively the practice of classifying individuals of different phenotypes into discrete races (Reference). The research question I would like to introduce is how did Eugenics influence the colonial ideology that resulted in the development of the early state of Apartheid South Africa? This paper assesses the influences, which advanced the practice of racism in South Africa with particular attention directed on the ideological and scientific reasoning, which led way to the ingrained notions of racial division and racial hierarchy that resulted in the development of the early apartheid state of South Africa. Not to mention the relationship between ideological structures of domination and oppression which grew out of Europe’s conquering and ruling of much of the rest of the world. Finally, I would like to Asses whether the apartheid would have developed as far as it did without the influence of eugenics, and if so why. LINK EACH PARAGRAPH BACK...
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...“The Dark Ages” Justin Higman HUM 303 12/15/13 Throughout the course of history there have been different eras and time frames that have had significant impacts on the modern world. Some were times when countries were at war, fighting for their beliefs, religions, families, countries, etc. Others when warship and religion were setting ground work for today’s beliefs. Whatever the case may be, many of the actions that our forefathers of the world have taken and fought for throughout time are still in place today and have become the basis for life as we know it. Religion, education and literature are examples of parts of life that have been impacting the world and people’s lives for centuries and it is because of ongoing practice that they have been passed down for hundreds of years with each new generation adding information and bettering the subject for the greater good. One period of time in the early middle ages is known as the “dark ages”. From approximately 410 to 1095 is known as the “dark ages” mainly because of the ciaos, ignorance, superstition and repression that occurred during that time. The “dark ages” is a derogatory name given to the early middle ages. The fall of Rome gives good understanding to the severity of the “dark ages” because for years Rome was a power house and known for bringing stability to Europe. Roman Civilization began to deteriorate from about 200 CE onward. In the late 400s the weakness of the Empire, caused by corruption and various...
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