...The musculoskeletal system is the body system that consists of muscles, bones, neuromuscular junctions, ligaments, and tendons. The purpose of the musculoskeletal system is to generate force and to produce movement. This is done by contracting muscles which in turn pull bones and create movement. Like any body system, function follows form, and vice versa. The anatomy and position of the neuromuscular junction, sarcoplasmic reticulum and transverse tubules allow action potential to quickly spread across the entire muscle. The construction of a sarcomere allows it to contract quickly and efficiently. On the other hand, muscle contraction demonstrates that form follows function, as it is necessary for muscles to contract in a quick and coordinated...
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...Exercise Physiology Lab Lab Questions: Q 1) Which human body system's activity was most affected by exercise? Explain why you think this was the case. A 1) The Human body system's activity that was most affected by exercise was the circulatory system. It was the circulatory system because it was the system that increased the most after exercise. I think this is the case because it had to work the most and it had the most effect on the body. Q 2) Which human body system's activity was least affected by exercise? Explain why you think this is the case. A 2) The human body system's activity that was least affected by exercise was the muscular system. It was the muscular system because it only increased by 9% after exercise. I think this is the case because it didn't have a lasting effect on the body. Q 3) On a separate sheet of paper, please type an essay fully explaining how all of the following concepts are related to each other. Include the necessary equations, name any body systems involved. Effectively, create a story linking all of these terms together. • amount of glucose usage • oxygen intake () • heart rate () • rate of breathing () • number of repetitions of a certain muscular-moving exercise • muscle cramping • rate of ATP production () • carbon Dioxide output () A 3) When you Exercise you notice several things about your body. You breathe heavier and faster, you take in more oxygen and let out more carbon dioxide, your heart beats faster, your muscles...
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...better. Next, I work on muscular strength and endurance, then I would focus on flexibility. For cardio, we would run 5-8 miles at a moderate (8 mile/min) pace. On Fridays I would do release runs to increase unit morale. Also, sprints/running combined events do help with cardio endurance. Honestly ability group runs would be the best exercise to help improve the 2 mile run. I would conduct circuit training with a variety of upper and lower body exercises to increase muscular strength and endurance. Before and after each exercise, I would implement intense stretching so that their muscles are fully stretched to increase their flexibility for better run results and to become stronger as a team. **The two best components or physical fitness for my unit to work on would be cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance. We are a light reconnaissance unit. The result of this is that we have many first time deployers going to conduct dismounted operations in the mountains. I would put the major emphasis on cardio respiratory endurance with lesser emphasis on muscular endurance. I would conduct cardio respiratory endurance at a minimum of three times a week with activities such as running, swimming, road marching, and hiking up some of our local mountains. I would then conduct muscular endurance activities twice week with activities such as push-ups, pull-ups, sit-ups, crunches, and lunges with a focus on high repetitions. I would include stretching and exercises from both the old army...
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...better. Next, I work on muscular strength and endurance, then I would focus on flexibility. For cardio, we would run 5-8 miles at a moderate (8 mile/min) pace. On Fridays I would do release runs to increase unit morale. Also, sprints/running combined events do help with cardio endurance. Honestly ability group runs would be the best exercise to help improve the 2 mile run. I would conduct circuit training with a variety of upper and lower body exercises to increase muscular strength and endurance. Before and after each exercise, I would implement intense stretching so that their muscles are fully stretched to increase their flexibility for better run results and to become stronger as a team. **The two best components or physical fitness for my unit to work on would be cardio respiratory endurance and muscular endurance. We are a light reconnaissance unit. The result of this is that we have many first time deployers going to conduct dismounted operations in the mountains. I would put the major emphasis on cardio respiratory endurance with lesser emphasis on muscular endurance. I would conduct cardio respiratory endurance at a minimum of three times a week with activities such as running, swimming, road marching, and hiking up some of our local mountains. I would then conduct muscular endurance activities twice week with activities such as push-ups, pull-ups, sit-ups, crunches, and lunges with a focus on high repetitions. I would include stretching and exercises from both the old army...
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...SPHE314 WK 4 MIDTERM QUIZ Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwaid.com/shop/sphe314-wk-4-midterm-quiz/ Part 1 of 1 - 94.8/ 94.799 Points Question 1 of 37 2.6/ 2.6 Points The multiple functions of the muscular system are performed by ______________type(s) of muscle: A.2 B.3 C.4 D.1 Question 2 of 37 2.6/ 2.6 Points Which of the following is NOT considered a fuel nutrient? A.carbohydrate B.fat C.water D.protein Question 3 of 37 2.6/ 2.6 Points The layer of connective tissue surrounding the outside of the muscle is called: A.perimysium B.carbohydrate C.sarcomysium D.epimysium Question 4 of 37 2.6/ 2.6 Points Protein can supply about 5 to 10% of the total energy needs during: A.sprinting activities B.prolonged exercise C.all types of exercise D.weightlifting Question 5 of 37 2.6/ 2.6 Points The two main components of the nervous system are: A.the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system B.the brain and the spinal cord C.the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system D.the efferent and afferent divisions of the nervous system Question 6 of 37 2.6/ 2.6 Points The autonomic nervous system can be divided into two functional and anatomical divisions called: A.sympathetic and unsympathetic B.sympathetic and parasympathetic C.afferent and efferent D.CNS and peripheral Question 7 of 37 2.6/ 2.6 Points Using an insulated, airtight chamber with walls...
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...BTEC 90 Credit/Extended Diploma in Public Services Unit 5 Physical Preparation, Health and Lifestyle for the Public Services Learner Resource Pack Introduction The human body is a very complex piece of machinery. It is made up of many different systems that work together to allow us to take part in a wide range of sports and everyday activities. It is important that anyone working with clients in the sport and exercise industry has a good understanding of how each of these systems works and copes with the stresses of exercise. This unit will explore the structure and the functions of the skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular and respiratory systems and how each of them is affected by exercise. It will also focus on the energy systems and their role in sport and exercise performance. Section One - The Structure and Function of The Skeletal System and How it Responds to Exercise Part 1.1: The structure of the skeleton system The skeleton provides us with a complex framework of bones, joints and cartilage without which we could not stand upright or move. It consists of 206 bones which can be divided into the axial and appendicular skeleton. The axial and appendicular skeleton The axial skeleton provides the supportive structure of the skeleton and is made up of the skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs. The appendicular skeleton is made up of the upper limbs, shoulder girdle, lower limbs and hip girdle and provides...
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...Effects of exercise to muscles Jezreel E. Rodriguez Communication Arts II Professor Manlapig, B. May 22, 2012 Thesis statement: 54 percent of human body mass is muscles, and through regular exercise these muscles could be made healthier. I. Introduction II. Muscles and exercise a. Three types of muscles 1. Smooth muscle 2. Cardiac muscle 3. Skeletal muscle b. Benefits of exercise to muscles 1. Muscle Strength 2. Muscle Endurance 3. Muscle Size 4. Muscle Nerve-Interaction 5. Blood Circulation c. Muscle Soreness After Exercise 1. Causes of muscle Soreness 2. Treatment for muscle soreness 3. Tips for dealing with muscle soreness 4. Tips to prevent muscle soreness III. Conclusion INTRODUCTION Exercise is one of the most important thing for the body, not only to make it strong but also for us to avoid diseases. Disease care is very expensive in any health cares or hospitals. Most of the money spent for health care are really spent for medicines or treatments. Many people now are have no time for exercise because of busyness or just taking aside of it. They didn’t think that having no exercise can lead to the weakness of the body and also can cause of incurable diseases. In this study we will know the importance of having a regular exercise. We will learn the possible effects of exercise to muscles, to motivate us to do exercises for our healthy lifestyle. One in having a regular exercise, it gives energy to the muscles through...
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...Rohan Monsy (11024319) Unit 5 - Assessment and grading criteria | To achieve a pass grade the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | To achieve a merit grade the evidence must show that, in addition to the pass criteria, the learner is able to: | To achieve a distinction grade the evidence must show that, in addition to the pass and merit criteria, the learner is able to: | P1 describe a fitness assessment for each of the major components of fitness | M1 explain the results of the fitness assessment and measure against relevant public service entrance test | D1 evaluate results of the fitness assessment, analyse strengths and recommend improvements | P2 describe the structure and function of the muscular-skeletal,cardiovascular and respiratory systems | | | P3 undertake a fitness activity,record and identify the short-term effects of exerciseon the major human bodysystems | M2explain the short and long term effects of exerciseon the major human bodysystems | | P4 describe the lifestyle factors that can affect health | M3explain the effects ofidentified lifestyle factors onhealth and fitness, whenapplying for public service and long-term employment | D2Evaluate the effects ofidentified lifestyle factors onhealth and fitness, whenapplying for public service and long-term employment | P5 Provide lifestyle improvement strategies that can have a positive effect on health | M4Explain lifestyle improvement strategies to justify their positive effect on health |...
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...During a muscular strength training, muscular fatigue can occur within the training. Muscular strength is the ability of a muscle or muscle group to generate force. Many daily movements such as walking require a threshold to complete these movements. In addition, muscular strength is important for athletic performance. High levels are required to perform certain athletic movements. High levels of muscular strength results improve one’s ability to rapidly apply force to a body segment for it to move. Assessing muscular ability is significant to determine the magnitude of force generated and applied to indicate an individual’s muscular function. Also, strength training also identifies the weaker muscle groups in a person’s body that could potentially result to injuries. Human muscular contraction can be broken into three styles. Isokinetic contraction consists of movement at a constant velocity. Isotonic, moving a constant load at different velocities. Isometric contraction the production of force when an extremity is static. This lab only uses isometric contractions as it assesses muscular strength or injuries, creates the...
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...molecules that the cells use for a variety of purposes, both functional and structural. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels and blood. It's a relatively simple -- though critically important -- body system, in that it operates much like a pump and series of pipes through which water might move. The purpose of the system is to circulate oxygen to your body cells, but also to circulate nutrients. Your blood then returns the waste products -- including carbon dioxide -- of various metabolic reactions to the lungs and to excretory organs, Dr. Laurlaee Sherwood explains in her book "Human Physiology." Anatomy & Physiology - Body Systems Cardiovascular Digestive Endocrine Muscular Neurological Respiratory Skeletal The Cardiovascular System The branches of science that will help you understand the body parts and functions are anatomy and physiology. Anatomy deals with the study of the human body (the component parts, structure and position) and physiology the study of how the body functions. Body Systems The body comprises of a number of systems including the: Cardiovascular system, Digestive system, Endocrine system, Muscular system, Neurological system, Respiratory system and the Skeletal system. The Cardiovascular System The cardiovascular system comprises of the heart, blood, blood vessels and lymphatic system. Heart The function of the heart is to pump...
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...Proposal: “The effects of taking a break during physical therapy for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy” HSC 4730 Background: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) or medically known as pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy is a genetic, degenerative disorder found predominantly in males. It is a recessive X-linked chromosome that affects approximately 1 in 3,500 male’s worldwide.3 The boys found with Duchenne’s have an absence of the protein, dystrophin, leaving them with continuing loss of muscular function.7 Regardless of current efforts, by the age of twelve, most who suffer from DMD depend upon a wheelchair for mobility.13 The purpose of the study is to delay the progression of DMD in boys between five to ten years of age. The intervention for the study is to apply a period of rest in their physical therapy to allow for their central nervous system to process the information. The central nervous system can take between seven to fourteen days to process information in order for the body to recover.2 With the recovery time given to these patients, we can determine a successful intervention or one that further deteriorates muscle mass. The time breaks allow the central nervous system (CNS) a set period of recovery in order to determine a change in the muscular degeneration rate. Corticosteroids are a steroid hormone produced in the adrenal cortex. It can also be synthetically made and regularly prescribed to patients with DMD. Corticoid steroids, along with physical...
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...INTRODUCTION Muscle spasm is an abnormal, long-lasting and involuntary muscular contraction which consisting of a continued muscular contraction or of a series of alternating muscular contractions and relaxations.1, 2 The contraction and relaxation concept (tight-loose concept) is based on the Increased stimulation causes an agonist muscle to become tight, and the tighter it becomes, the looser its antagonist becomes because of reciprocal inhibition. In acute conditions, the cycle can be described as continuing spasm–pain–spasm. The result is tightness that progresses from the acute condition of muscle contraction to muscle contracture, leading to chronicity. In chronic conditions, the cycle is described as pain–looseness–pain.3 In the cervical...
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...reasonable than generally perceived. It helps individuals to look, feel and do their best. Obtaining and sustaining physical fitness is a result of many things but a few are physical activity, proper diet, along with proper rest for physical recovery. If you really want to measure the overall fitness of a person you have to take into consideration the five components of physical fitness. For an average person, workout should be based on the five major health related fitness factors: Cardiovascular Fitness, Body Composition, Flexibility, and Muscular strength and endurance. Cardiovascular Fitness is the ability of the circulatory system or the heart and blood vessels to supply oxygen to working muscles during exercise. Cardiovascular fitness, also known as cardiorespiratory endurance, is an expression that is used to describe a unique form of muscular endurance. In other words, it describes the importance in which the lungs, heart, and vascular system work in order to provide oxygen to the working muscles of the body, so that the effort of the muscle can be maintained. Obviously, there are many factors that can affect cardiovascular fitness including heart rate, stroke volume, and the capability of the muscle cells to take up oxygen out of the blood. There are many benefits of cardiovascular fitness the first being that it strengthens both the heart muscle and the muscles involved in breathing. With this are...
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...Although each area is important to your total health and well being, in this text we will only emphasize the physical characteristics of total health. However, since no single area can stand fully separated from the rest, we will discover how small parts of each area are inevitably intertwined with each other. When defining physical fitness, two terms are commonly used: health related fitness, and athletic performance related fitness (also referred to as motor, or skill fitness). The components of these two types are as follows: Health related fitness • Cardiovascular endurance • Muscular strength • Muscular endurance • Muscle and joint flexibility • Body composition (lean mass vs. fat mass) Athletic Performance Related Fitness (motor or skill fitness) • Cardiovascular endurance • Muscular strength • Muscular endurance • Muscle and joint flexibility • Body composition • Coordination • Speed • Agility • Power • Balance • Reaction time • Neurological efficiency Although the five components of health fitness are included in athletic fitness, the additional athletic components are not necessary for total health fitness. However, those who desire to compete athletically will find it essential to go beyond health fitness. Developing the additional athletic fitness components of power, speed, agility, coordination, balance and neurological efficiency...
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...1. What are the long term effects of exercise on… a) the cardiovascular system b) the respiratory system c) the muscular system d) the skeletal system a. The long-term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system are the heart becomes bigger and its walls become thicker and the coronary arteries become better at supplying the heart with blood. It will be able to pump more blood per min which makes the heart more capable of a higher heart rate, stroke volume and minute volume. b. The long-term effects of exercise on the respiratory system are increasing the air sacks in the lungs, clearing out any mucus that may be in any of them, increasing the vital capacity of the lungs and tidal volume of the lungs as well as increasing the strength of the diaphragm muscle. The lungs will become healthier and produce a greater number of alveoli. c. The long-term effects of exercise on the muscular system are the tendons (a connective tissue that connect muscle to bone) become stronger, our aerobic energy system become more efficient, slow twitch fibres increase in size. Also our muscles hypertrophy become bigger and individual muscle fibres become thicker becoming able to cope with lactic acid. Lastly the chemical reaction in our muscle that produces energy increase in quantity and the removal of lactic acid is faster. d. The long-term effects of exercise on the skeletal system are the mineral content of our bones increases and bones get denser...
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