...Pan-Africanism: African and the Genesis of Humankind (Critique) Prepared by Ariane Sip In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Pan Africanism(AFAM 3370) at Xavier University of Louisiana Professor Dr. Ronald Dorris Fall 2012 A Critique of Africa and the Genesis of Humankind African Studies: A Survey of Africa and the African Diaspora is edited by Mario Azeveda. This book was published in 2005 by Carolina Academic Press. This 565-page book includes acknowledgments, introduction, contributors, and index. The text comprises twenty seven chapter. This critique focuses on the chapter, “African and the Genesis of Humankind.” this part of the book is thirteen pages that are divided into six subsections evenly. The focus of this critique will center on how tone, voice, language, and structure is used to argue that Africa has been considered the cradle for humankind. This chapter focused on a few major points. The first point was that physical environments play an important role in determining the course of human development. In Africa, humans have been able to change the physical environment an the way the environment impacts society. The next point shown was that Africa is a huge continent of human and geographic diversity. This diversity contributes to a greater diversity in society and cultures. The third point was that Africa was the cradle of humankind not only for early ancestors but also for modern day. Evidence have been found by scientists...
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...and Death Marches in the Holocaust by The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, humankind could be good but it is led more to evil because majority of people during the Holocaust only think for themselves rather than others in these type of situations and with these Nazi German officers tormenting and...
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...The moral stance of the Society of HumanKind on social difference in human society rests on the Principles of Unity and Peace. Those Principles, and other implications of the Axioms and Dogma, are applied to this aspect of our social lives in the Treatise on the Individual. The Treatise dismisses the possibility that social difference is natural to the human condition or inherent in our species. The conclusion must be that such differences as do exist in our societies, whether based on standing, status, power or on any other criterion, are a consequence of our own actions, or of our inability to control all those factors in our environment that have an influence on our social life. The uncertainty of all human knowledge and understanding, set out in the Treatise on Knowledge, reinforces that conclusion. The limit on our ability to understand ourselves, or grasp all that affects us in our environment described in that Treatise is such that it leaves open the possibility that we may never be able to determine fully, or control effectively, the structure and outcome of our relationships with each other. In effect, the Treatise suggests that we may not have the faculties or abilities required to eliminate difference between individuals within our societies. In sum, the first founding book of the Society, the 'Foundations', rejects difference between individuals as an inherent or natural condition of human society while accepting that it may nevertheless be unavoidable. However,...
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...America today is a lot different than centuries ago. One of the most aspects that changed the most in particular is women. Liberty, career, freedom to vote, and freedom of ones’ body are the main points of contrast. In today's society, women are far more liberated than they were hundreds of years ago, when compared to the concept of the conservative women in the 1800’s. Throughout history, the fate of women has been greatly centered on domestic work. Women remained indoors, producing clothing, preparing and preserving food, and doing other, what would be called today, “house work”. Society has generally figured that women should be responsible for work in the home over anything else. Such a strongly embedded mindset has affected the activities in which women have been able to participate. Education and work outside of the home have been areas that many women have been unable to access in society because social norms have dictated that women should focus on domestic work. However, these women have deviated outside the norms of society. Through their dedication and determination, they have changed the way women are perceived – making them all incredible and extraordinary women who shaped America. Over the years women have been pushing for the same equality as men. Women are typically looked down upon and are ignored when it comes to standing up for their rights. In the 1960s an organization called the National Organization for Women was established. This main focus...
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...a group of persons related by common descent or heredity. a population so related. (no longer in use) any of the traditional divisions of humankind, the commonest being the Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Negro, characterized by supposedly distinctive and universal physical characteristics. an arbitrary classification of modern humans, sometimes, especially formerly, based on any or a combination of various physical characteristics, as skin color, facial form, or eye shape, and now frequently based on such genetic markers as blood groups. a human population partially isolated reproductively from other populations, whose members share a greater degree of physical and genetic similarity with one another than with other humans. a group of tribes or peoples forming an ethnic stock: the Slavic race. any people united by common history, language, cultural traits, etc.: the Dutch race. the human race or family; humankind: Nuclear weapons pose a threat to the race. (http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/race?s=t) This is the definition given by the online dictionary I found, while the definition given by the sociological board for race is that although the essential characteristics of race are biological in origin, it is their transformation into a social variable by society that gives it its explanatory power during social situations. In this essay I shall be showing how these two different definitions of race contrast with one another in many different ways. First of all the...
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...400 years had to pass before the idea became reality (NASA n.p.). Since the flight of the first airplane in 1903, the aerospace industry has had an impressive advancement that is now affecting our lives substantially; aircraft and spacecraft is being used for mail delivery, research, security, army purposes, transportation, commerce, mail delivery and many other purposes. It is certainly surprising the progress that has been achieved in the aerospace field since 1903. What is the secret of such amazing progress? How could the aerospace industry start modestly and then turn into a multibillion global industry? The drastic evolution of the aerospace industry is accredited to past engineering achievements and the impact of the interests of society. The first real studies of flight were made in the 1480s by the famous Florentine Italian renaissance polymath, Leonardo Da Vinci. Da Vinci is responsible for the engineering advancements that served as the foundation of the aerospace industry. Inspired by the flight of birds, Da Vinci illustrated his imagination in over 100 drawings that displayed his theories of flight (Flying Machine n.p.). Among those drawings is the Ornithopter flying machine, a device 33 feet long, made of pine and raw silk, and powered by pedals used by the pilot (Flying...
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...discoveries had a revolutionary effect on European societies, which were regulated by Christianity. However, different conclusions can be drawn in addressing the impacts of these scientific discoveries on the basic beliefs of Christianity in the Western world by 1800: in what ways was the place of humankind at the centre of the universe rejected? To what extent was God no longer the unique reference as regards ethics? How could Christian followers still believe in an afterlife paradise? Scientific discoveries in the...
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...CLASSICAL PRINCIPLES OF ARGUMEnt English 215 November 9, 2015 Scientists say that Arguments Intelligence in today’s society is changing in different forms of software such as machines, computers, and vision. Scientists express their opinion about the future technology, using ethos, pathos, and logos to get their audience attention. Steven B. Harris uses an authority voice and vision when addressing issues in his article. He expresses his tone to make improvement in technology in the world. Harris is a medical Doctor that's interested in medical resources. He's a part of the Biosphere II projects and the best known for discussing artificial intelligence research. He had major discussions thread on the internet. In his article, he explains how several authors express their opinion on a variety of technology. Harris ethos in this report, argues how the technology will change throughout the future. From his writing, he appears to have the knowledge about how a computer will become advance and how it will affect humankind in the future. Harris states how machines are used in moving making. He describes how a movie in 1950’s are made with the Krell machines and ultimate machines. By 1986, they were using microscopic construction-machines. Harris argues that software is now popular and is used in movies, whether than machines. Harris said that certain machine is still being used from time to time, but the computer has full control. In the article, Harris uses pathos...
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...George Orwell’s 1984 Winston lives in the nation of Oceania, where he is a member of the ruling party in London. Oceania is a totalitarian society with an extremely comprehensive, nationwide surveillance system. In this society, even thinking rebellious thoughts is punishable by death. Winston is increasingly frustrated with rigid regime of the party and purchases an illegal diary in which he can write his prohibited thoughts. Entangled in such criminal affairs he starts fixating on an influential Party member called O’Brien, whom he believes is a member of a secret association that aims to overthrow the party. Meanwhile, he notices a female coworker looking at him and worries that she might be an informant for the thought police. On the contrary, he eventually realizes that she loves him and they commence a relationship. Together they plan to rebel against the oppressive party and seeks aid at O’Brien’s. Yet, it turns out that O’Brien is loyal to the Party and ends up torturing Winston into not only betraying Julia but also submitting himself to the Party and its sometimes-contradictory truths. In his famous novel, Nineteen Eighty-four from 1949, George Orwell succeeds in depicting a dark, dystopian society way ahead of his time. With an ingenious ability to predict future events and technology, not seen since the time of Jules Verne, Orwell warns the western world of the danger of totalitarian states by describing a nation of inhabitants living under absolute surveillance...
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...The status quo refers to the current state of affairs; the norm. Challenging the status quo means to do something unexpected, out of the boundaries written by such ideals. Though the status quo needs to maintained to some extent, it is this challenging that helps ensure that the figures of authority are questioned and not trusted blindly as there is no such thing as perfect authority. This also ensures they are acting justly and for the best interest of the people, whilst also allowing for the passage of change to occur within our society, bolstered by the ideas obtained by such challenging individuals. People of power heavily influence the status quo, such that if one opposes such figures they are directly challenging its roots. Defying such authority is vital as it keeps them on their toes, careful not to do things that are questionable, corrupt or immoral. Moreover, through the course of humankind it is blatant that such heavy influencers on the norms have a tendency to exploit their position, expressing their own untested and subjective opinions, values and ideas as truths. This is exemplified in James McTeigue’s film “V for Vendetta”, where the government, ruled by High chancellor Suttler is riddled by corruption, immoral values and based on acts of discrimination against anyone who is regarded “undesirable”. It is only when V goes against the grain with “...the power of ideas...” is hope given to the people to rebel, and become face-less behind a mask, to carry on the...
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...film Walkabout, by director Nicolas Roeg illustrates humankinds disconnect from the natural world. Throughout the film there are various scenes that colorfully portray this disconnect. The children give us the biggest images due to the story being based around them and their struggle to survive in the Australian Outback. There was one scene that truly demonstrated this theme. In this scene the children find an oasis. They see animals eating the fruit from the tree as well as drinking the water in the small pond. They begin to relax and get comfortable. They stay the night there and by morning all the food and water is gone. Shortly after, they meet the aborigine boy and ask him for water. He then simply sticks a branch in the ground of were the pond was and gets water. This scene showed the children’s disconnect from nature because they had no idea what to do. As soon as the easy way of getting necessities was gone, they panicked. The children did not see the plethora of ways to obtain food and water. Because of the comforts of modern society, they did not have the skills or the mindset like the aborigine boy has. In modern society, we do not have to hunt for our own food, causing us to not be able to see food that nature has provided for us. In the beginning of the film the two children are shown swimming in a pool with ocean right behind...
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...Examining Evolution from Two Subfields in Anthropology ANTH 101 Professor Rosh March 25, 2012 Evolution overall is the change and adaptation of all living things on this planet. In the past this idea was thought to be absurd and still in today’s society some people still don’t believe in the theory of evolution. Thanks to a man named Charles Darwin who was brave and smart enough to publish scientific books on this subject some of our society now accepts the concept and studies it. To think that living species does not change and adapt over time is nonsense. With the study of evolution humankind can learn from its past and better prepare for the future by studying how humankind has developed over the past. Evolution is defined in biology as the idea that all species can change over time and have a common ancestry (Parker, 2008). A physical anthropologist could study primatology in order to study evolution for humankind. Primatology is the study in physical anthropology that began with morphological comparisons of primates to reconstruct the evolution of humans (Rodman, 1999). Studying primatology can help the study of evolution because it is a very good example of basic evolution and primates and human beings have a lot of similar traits and also the primate is the closest living example that is like a human genetically. This source was chosen because it helps break down the meaning and understanding of primatology and provides the basics and in depth terms to...
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...can also refer to having different cultures respect each other's differences. The phrase "cultural diversity" is also sometimes used to mean the variety of human societies or cultures in a specific region, or in the world as a whole. The culturally destructive action of globalization is often said to have a negative effect on the world's cultural diversity. By analogy with biodiversity, which is thought to be essential to the long-term survival of life on earth, it can be argued that cultural diversity may be vital for the long-term survival of humanity; and that the conservation of indigenous cultures may be as important to humankind as the conservation of species and ecosystems is to life in general. The General Conference of UNESCO took this position in 2001, asserting in Article 1 of the Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity that "...cultural diversity is as necessary for humankind as biodiversity is for nature"[2] This position is rejected by some people, on several grounds. Firstly, like most evolutionary accounts of human nature, the importance of cultural diversity for survival may be an un-testable hypothesis, which can neither be proved nor disproved. Secondly, it can be argued that it is unethical deliberately to conserve "less developed" societies, because this will deny people within those societies the benefits of technological and medical advances enjoyed by those of us in the "developed" world. In the same manner that the promotion of poverty in underdeveloped...
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...scientistic trope is something humans enjoy to create in films or in literature because the tragedies allow for humankind to evaluate the worst possible case scenario and fears of the future. Society uses these stereotypes of AI to show the frightening unknown future, however, the future is normally not going to end up the way we think it will. Similarly, the movie ¨Back to the Future¨ from 1985 depicted that in 2015, 30 years later, humans would have advanced technology to the point where we would have flying cars, various types of hovercrafts and self-lacing shoes, unfortunately we have none of the aforementioned technologies and it has been 3 years since 2015. These...
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...What do you consider to be ethically valued in today’s society? Virtually, every society makes some determination of morally correct behavior. In our society today, physical appearance is the prominent issue. Are you too fat? Too skinny? Or too short, too tall? The constant attention and focus on physical appearances are apparent not only in our society but in Mary Shelly’s novel, Frankenstein. Victor Frankenstein, a modern scientist unleashes a creature constructed of dead body parts. The creature’s social acceptance relies heavily on its hideous features, starting with his own creator, Victor Frankenstein. Throughout the novel Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein’s lack of ethics spurs problematic situations which are the consequences of his...
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