...Introduction Children (pupils) participating in practical work when teaching science should be an integral and essential part of science in primary school, children learn best by doing. It provides experiences through which pupils can develop their own understanding enabling them to link between content and the physical worlds by experiencing, discovering, exploring, socialising and observing. It teaches techniques and skills for handling equipment and materials safety and it promotes development of scientific reasoning, so that pupils can understand through experience, the importance in supporting explanations. Field is a great way to greatly enhance pupils’ young mind with new or reinforce knowledge to them; as well as skills, Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences will take into effect on these events and practical “doing” of teach science to pupils. Many of us are familiar with three general categories in which people learn: visual learners, auditory learners and kinaesthetic learners. Beyond these three (3) general categories, many theories and approach towards human potential development. Gardner’s early work in psychology and later human cognition and human potential led to the development of the initial six (6) intelligences. These are verbal – linguistic (well...
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...TEACHING SCIENCE, MATHEMATICS, AND TECHNOLOGY Teaching Should Be Consistent With the Nature of Scientific Inquiry Science, mathematics, and technology are defined as much by what they do and how they do it as they are by the results they achieve. To understand them as ways of thinking and doing, as well as bodies of knowledge, requires that students have some experience with the kinds of thought and action that are typical of those fields. Teachers, therefore, should do the following: Start With Questions About Nature Sound teaching usually begins with questions and phenomena that are interesting and familiar to students, not with abstractions or phenomena outside their range of perception, understanding, or knowledge. Students need to get acquainted with the things around them—including devices, organisms, materials, shapes, and numbers—and to observe them, collect them, handle them, describe them, become puzzled by them, ask questions about them, argue about them, and then to try to find answers to their questions. Engage Students Actively Students need to have many and varied opportunities for collecting, sorting and cataloging; observing, note taking and sketching; interviewing, polling, and surveying; and using hand lenses, microscopes, thermometers, cameras, and other common instruments. They should dissect; measure, count, graph, and compute; explore the chemical properties of common substances; plant and cultivate; and systematically observe the social...
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...BACKGROUND Introduction The study of science is essential. Science is the study of the world around us. Everything around us concerns science. Without it, it is impossible to get into medicine, engineering, architecture and other fields requiring technical expertise. Every sector recognizes an increasing contribution of the discipline to the progress of the modern world as well as its traditional standing as an element of humanistic and scientific education. Its importance as the key subject is common knowledge. Science has been recognized as a patent means of sharpening our competitive edge. Thus, science holds a dominating place in the curriculum. As mandated in the Philippine Constitution, it is the duty of the schools to develop scientific and technology efficiency among the pupils and the students. Thus, it is necessary to evolve a strong science program in all levels. So, the teaching of science should be effectively earned out so as to satisfy the National Development Goals. Science is a multifaceted subject, limitless in extent and depth, vital for science and technology, and rich in the cultural import. It offers a lot of challenges to an individual. In school, however, some students find the subject dull and difficult. More so, science in general, is even considered by many as uninteresting or boring subject if not difficult or not applicable into their daily lives. The performance of the pupils depends largely on quality of the teaching competencies of their teacher. A...
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...PART A Report on Teaching of Science with list of references at the end Introduction This report aims to look at how we should be implementing the Science curriculum, in accordance to what the authors and professionals think, it will look at how it should be taught in primary schools. The key stage I have chosen to examine is lower key stage two. Lower key stage two consists of children in Year 3 (aged 7-8) and Year 4 (8-9). The report will examine the National Curriculum and how teaching of Science is defined by them. The National Curriculum (2014 p.155) requires children of this age phase to work scientifically. This would namely be looking at encouraging children to ask their own questions, how to set up a practical investigation, gathering the results through numerous graphs/charts (recording data) comparing and analysing what makes a fair test, predicting what the outcome may be (with independent and dependant variables), how to make observations based on these findings, identifying and comparing what they predicted as opposed to what happened, and lastly being able to answer questions using scientific terminology and knowledge. By using various literature and documentation, this report will look at how teachers can teach Science but at the same time be using the National Curriculum as a guideline. Review of teaching Working Scientifically Ofsted (2013) states that the new National Curriculum for 2014 explains the reasoning for teaching Science. It states that pupils...
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...Whether Young Goodman Brown dreamed the night in the forest is a question the reader must decide for himself. To me, it doesn't matter whether it's a dream or not because Young Goodman Brown believes in his heart and soul that it did happen, and this changes the rest of his life. Brown makes the decision to give up on humankind and believe his wife and friends are evil, and he spends the remainder of his life alone, feeling that evil has won out over good. The Puritans believed that all people are evil because of the "original sin" committed by Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. It is only through belief in God and living a pure life that man can overcome evil. Brown's night in the forest, whether a dream or reality, takes away his belief in humanity. The Black Mass in the forest forces Brown to see himself as just one evil part of a corrupt race of sinners. Goodman realizes that Faith, his wife, is now a witch. In essence, he’s lost his faith. He then wakes up in the woods unsure as to whether or not it was all a dream. So there you have it, the age old “was that a dream” feeling when you wake up in a strange place, not knowing how you got there. Though, similar thoughts may include “where am I,” “What did I do,” and “What did I drink?” Either way, he’s in the woods, and once he arrives back in town, he can’t come to terms with what he has seen, and he lives his life out in gloom, unable to trust even his own wife. , I really want to question whether or not what Goodman...
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...Effective use of instructional materials in the teaching of basic sciences CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the study Education, according to Coombs (1970) consists of two components. He classified these two components into inputs and outputs. According to him, inputs consist of human and material resources and outputs are the goals and outcomes of the educational process. Both the inputs and outputs form a dynamic organic whole and if one wants to investigate and assess the educational system in order to improve its performance, effects of one component on the other must be examined. Instructional resources which are educational inputs are of vital importance to the teaching of any subject in the school curriculum. Wales (1975) was of the opinion that the use of instructional resources would make discovered facts glued firmly to the memory of students. Savoury (1958) also added that, a well-planned and imaginative use of visual aids in lessons should do much to banish apathy, supplement inadequacy of books as well as arouse student’s interest by giving them something practical to see and do, and at the same time helping to train them to think things out themselves. Savoury (1958) suggested a catalogue of useful visual aids that are good for teaching history i.e pictures, post cards, diagrams, maps, filmstrips and models. He said that selection of materials which are related to the basic contents of a course or a lesson, helps in-depth understanding of such a lesson...
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...Lecture Instruction in Teaching Science: Its Effect on Pupils’ Performance. II. Rationale Over the years, schools have always been concerned with how to come up with effective teaching-learning experiences for the pupils. In an attempt to attain this goal, the teacher is expected to possess a thorough knowledge of the criteria of good teaching and the mastery of the subject matter to be taught and a broad knowledge of various teaching approaches/ strategies in teaching. In teaching subject like science, a teacher should choose a strategy where pupils develop their ability to think, act and organize knowledge. One of the approaches that is strongly supported and highly recommended in teaching science is the discovery approach. This method helps pupils find solutions and answers to their own questions by way of gathering pieces of evidence but are valid and reliable and draw their own generalizations and conclusions. The pupils learn by inquiring about something; measuring, weighing, sorting out information and building their interpretation about the problem. They also employ such processes as analyzing, synthesizing and evaluating the data and information to discover concepts by themselves. With this method, pupils become more independent learners capable of learning on their own. III. Statement of the Problem What is the effect of using discovery approach versus traditional textbook and lecture instruction in teaching science on pupils’ performance...
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...Challenges In Teaching Science, Part II Posted on April 8, 2009 Recently I asked a class what they thought their greatest challenges would be in teaching science. They came up with a great list. Here it is: 1. Preparing students for state exams while giving students a positive outlook of science 2. Familiarity with classroom manipulatives. How to choose right/appropiate outside readings and material. 3. Change in mindset when moving to a learner focused teaching method. Changing nature of science based on what is currently known 4. How to create a rubric that can be used to effectively assess students in a timely manner. 5. How to tailor class plans, activities, and scientific language for students of different ages and different skills. 6. Increase pressures on a teachers “teaching” time, including planning and assessment time. How to fit science into 40 minute periods? 7. Lack of institutional commitment to science. Expense, storage and choice of science materials. 8. How to keep students on task in the science classroom. Coming up with activities that will spark imagination and fit the curriculum. THE NEED FOR SCIENCE INSTRUMENTS [pic] The need for more science apparatus cannot be overemphasized. Apparatus are a must in every science class. It is said that for science to be learned, it must be experienced; there must be adequate apparatus to experiment with. Several studies showed that the lack of standard science equipment in schools...
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...Trinity University of Asia Graduate School The Dynamic Learning Program and its Effect on the Academic Performance of Grade V and VI Pupils in the Five major subjects A Thesis Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School TRINITY UNIVERSITY OF ASIA In Partial Fulfilment Of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN EDUCATION ROWENA N. CERDON Trinity University of Asia Graduate School TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 1 THE PROBEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Background of the Study Conceptual Framework Research Paradigm Statement of the Problem Hypothesis Significance of the Study Scope and Delimitation Definition of Terms 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Local Literature Local Studies Foreign Literature Foreign Literature 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design Research Instrument Validation of Instrument Data Gathering Procedure Statistical Treatment of Data Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction Globalization has come upon us, stunning in its swiftness and breadth of scope. The full impact of the phenomenon cannot...
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...TEACHER’S ATTITUDES TOWARDS TEACHING, PATTERN OF CLASSROOM INTERACTIONS AND PUPILS ACHIEVEMENT IN SCIENCE A thesis Presented To the Faculty of the Graduate School RAMON MAGSAYSAY MEMORIAL COLLEGES General Santos City In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement of the Degree Master of Arts in Education By WILFREDO PIL UTRERA January 2012 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis entitled “TEACHER’S ATTITUDE TOWARDS TEACHING, PATTERNS OF CLASSROOM INTERACTIONS AND PUPILS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN SCIENCE” prepared and submitted by Wilfredo Pil Utrera, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree leading to Master of Arts in Education, has been examined and is recommended for acceptance and approval for Oral Examination. JOHNNY S. BANTULO, MA . Adviser Comprehensive Examination – Passed ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ PANEL OF EXAMINERS GERALDINE D. RODRIGUEZ, Ed. D. Chairman ___________________________ ___________________________ Panel Member Panel Member ___________________________ Panel...
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...Agusan del Sur. Specifically, the study aimed to answer the following questions: 1. How was the computer – assisted instruction on the selected topics in physics developed? 2. How did the students evaluate the CAI material according to: a. objective b. content c. delivery system d. instructional design and quality; and e. technical quality? 3. How did the teachers evaluate the CAI material according to: a. objective b. content c. delivery system d. instructional design and quality; and e. technical quality? Significance of the Study The teacher plays an important role in student’s learning. It is only when learning takes place that education exists. To be more effective is to impart effective methods on the essence of teaching, that is, for the learner noting also all-important aspects that will benefit all concerned. Thus, the researcher is convinced that the results of the study will be essential to: Curriculum Experts. This will serve as basis in planning an enriched curriculum in a way that the students can cope up with the technological needs in the society. The effectiveness of the school program also lies on the kind of curriculum it follows. School Supervisors and Administrators. The result will serve as an awakening for school supervisors and administrators that technological advances is the current trend that will help them facilitate the execution of school program to affect of educational reforms for better education. Teachers. The less-teacher...
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...8 & 9 MATHEMATICS, NATURAL SCIENCES AND ECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCES TEACHER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME: 2014 DRAFT TIMETABLE TEACHER DEVELOPMENT AUG AUG SEP SEP SEP Thur 28 Fri Wed Thur Fri 29 3 4 5 Classroom-based support: Mathematics Classroom-based support: Natural Sciences Classroom-based support: Natural Sciences Classroom-based support: Mathematics Classroom-based support: Economics and Management Sciences Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Economics and Management Sciences Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Natural Sciences Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Mathematics SEP SEP SEP SEP Sun Fri Sat Fri 7 12 13 19 Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Natural Sciences Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Mathematics Classroom-based support: Mathematics Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Mathematics Classroom-based support: Natural Sciences Classroom-based support: Economics and Management Sciences Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Economics and Management Sciences Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Natural Sciences Classroom-based support: Economics and Management Sciences Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Economics and Management Sciences Classroom-based support: Mathematics Development of subject content knowledge & teaching skills: Mathematics Classroom-based...
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...of Activity Based Method (ABM) of teaching on student’s achievement in physical science. The study is experimental. The target population comprised of class X students of Lakshipari High School of Paschim Medinipur District. The students were taught the same topic of “Nature & uses of Normal salt and cupric sulphate”. The Students are divided into two equivalent groups (experimental and control). In the experimental groups ABM was used while Traditional Lecture method (TLM) was used in the control group. The instrument used in the study was Physical Science Achievement Test (PAT) to measure student’s achievement. Data was analysed using mean, SD & t-test. The results of the Study Show that ABM of...
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...Research 6 (1): 28-31, 2011 ISSN 1818-6785 © IDOSI Publications, 2011 Inquiry Method and Student Academic Achievement in Biology: Lessons and Policy Implications Jacinta A. Opara European School Science Project, 18140 Granada, Spain Abstract: Three research questions with null hypotheses guided the study with the aid of a quasi experimental research design. These students were randomly assigned to two groups (treatment and control group). Treatment group were those taught biology using the sensitized inquiry teaching method while conventional method (lecture) was used for the control group. (1) Biology Achievement Test (BAT) was developed on the following units in biology, flower pollination, muscle structure and function and seed germination. All these were drawn from anatomy and physiology of flowering plants and animal physiology in the biology textbook of SS1, to measure the initial and terminal academic achievement of the students. (2) Lesson notes were prepared on the above mentioned units using the inquiry teaching method and the conventional method using a pre - test, post - test experimental treatment. Thus, it is the contention of the author that the inquiry approach would enhance students’ achievement in biology, hence the thrust of this study. Key words: Inquiry teaching method Conventional method INTRODUCTION Achievement Biology Gender Location explanations from their observations (evidence) by integrating what they already know with what they have learned...
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...underlying the instructional programme. Introduction Science education has always been a part of the Ghanaian (and Sub-Saharan) culture. Modern education in Ghana came with the advent of European missionary and mercantile enterprises, and has largely become the vehicle for social upward mobility. Education in general, and science education, for that matter, is serious issues for all Ghanaians. Curriculum orientations are beliefs about what a school curriculum should achieve and how teaching, learning and assessment should occur (Eisner, 1970). The most fundamental concern of schooling is curriculum (Ornstein, 1982). These prepositions have led me to have an in depth study by evaluating the Ghanaian Basic School Science Curriculum from both the primary to the Junior High School levels trying to find out the various and dominant curriculum orientation(s) underlying the teaching and learning process of Integrated Science in schools. The Ghanaian Basic School Science Curriculum and Delivery The Ghanaian integrated science curriculum follows the “spiral approach,” treating the same themes at different times and in greater depths within each educational level. The curriculum is the modern replacement of what used to be called “nature study.” This is a generalist, survey course, which exposes the child to the universe. At this level, the students would get the basic exposure to scientific ideas, and learn about the history of science. They also learn the basic scientific vocabulary...
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