...Emotions Miguel Viveros PSY/240 Nov, 01, 2013 Dr. Brooke morford Darwin’s theory is very interesting; it suggests that emotions from all of humans and in other species are possible because of evolution. Darwin’s theory was made up from three ideas. The first is Expressions emotions that comes from humans and also animals and shows what they will do next. Second involves behavioral signals for animal or human, this will evolve and help both with their communicative behavior, also sometimes even forgetting the first original behavior. Third and last the opposing messages is something that is recurrently communicated from the opposite behavior which is known as the principle of antithesis. The James-Lange theory says that the autonomic nervous system’s response of the flight or fight response, which causes an increased in your heart beat and its different responses instead of what an actual emotional trigger would cause. This particular theory isn’t something that everyone believes in because of certain research on patients. With this particular emotion it has the result of someone’s individual perception to their reaction and also bodily changes. The Cannon-Bard theory takes the James-Lange theory and it builds more into it and continues it, it is also altered. The Cannon-Bard theory says that the experience and the expression of someone’s emotions are two totally different things. Although it’s two different things is also thought of having equal responses that are caused...
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...[Emotion] has the advantage of being open to all, the weak and the lowly, the illiterate and the scholar. It is seen to be as efficacious as any other method and is sometimes said to be stronger than the others, since it is its own fruition, while other methods are means to some other ends. I questioned this statement in regards to the ‘it is its own fruition’ part. I interpreted this part to mean that emotion can just be emotion. It does not lead anywhere, to another answer like reasoning something out would. For example, in math I use reason to figure problems out while, as I understand this statement, when I feel happy, I just stay that way because emotion is its own end result. I don’t agree with this idea. Emotion is not its own fruition as the statement suggests; rather, I think that emotions always lead to something more. A brain imaging study by University College London suggests that emotions almost completely rule decision making. Emotions cannot possibly just be emotions because of the millions of decisions we make every day. This morning, I decided to get up and make my bed. I decided whether to eat first or shower first. Then I decided what clothing to wear and in the bathroom whether to shampoo first or soap first. There were so many little decisions in between those pertaining to how much to feed my cat and where to set my clothes down while I took a shower. If everything I decided was mostly based on emotions, then how can an emotion just be an emotion? The...
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...Two-factor theory of emotion: A Successful Proposal. Terence Tin Wai, CHU Upper Iowa University Term 6, 2014 PSY 190 Elbert Lee 14-8-2014 Abstracts This task is in most use for readers planning to propose, with the help of psychology to increase the chance of a successful marriage propose. The two factor theory of emotions suggested that an event happen triggers of physiological arousal then human cognitive label it. Further discuss on how this theory bring benefit to a proposal of marriage. Preface Propose is generally a huge mile stone to public, asking an individual to dedicate the rest of his/her life to another individual is a serious matter. Normally there are three steps get a ring, get down on one keen and get the other individual say “yes”. As time pass, the methods of proposing were varied tremendously. If the gentleman cannot think of a better way to courtship according to Darwin, they might not be mated. So with the aid of psychology, men should have a better chance with the answer “yes” after a proposal. Two-factor theory of emotion This theory suggest that emotion is based on two factors, firstly physiological arousal and secondly a cognitive label. So first of all an emotion is felt, then a physiological change, it could be heart beat rise, sweaty palms, knees weak, heavy arms, dry eye, dry throat, and change in breath. Then the individual observe environment to reason the physiological arousal...
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...examples indicate there is sometimes no clear-cut separation between motivation and emotion. Generally, though, we can think of motivation as arising from some internal source such as deprivation of a biological requirement (food for instance) and of producing some sort of goal-directed behavior (such as searching for food). On the other hand, we can think of emotion as being an internal state usually produced by an external stimulus and not necessarily leading to any particular behavior. In fact, a given emotion can result in many different sorts of behavior, even within the same individual. Part II: Theories of Emotion Summarize the four major theories of emotion. Identify which theory of emotion you think is the most valid. What makes this theory more valid to you than the others? Identify which theory of emotion you think is least valid. What makes this theory less valid? Your response should be at least 300 hundred words. The four main theories of emotion are: • The James-Lange theory, • The Cannon-Bard theory, • The Schacter-Singer theory, and • The Lazarus theory. The first of these theories is the James-Lange theory posited separately by...
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...Misattribution of arousal (two factor theory of emotion) People search the immediate environment for emotional relevant clues to label and interpret unexplained physiological arousal, leading to misattribution. Cognitive dissonance: mental discomfort that arises when we are confronted with actions, situations, or feelings that go against our morals values. we seek reduce this dissonance Conformity : a change in ones behavior due to the real or imagined influence of other people Two factor theory of emotion -misattribution. Katniss is “falling in love” with Peeta because of the heightened tension, physical activity. Katniss pretending rue is her sister Deindividuation - it ties with arousal because it causes her to do things she normally wouldn't do, such as kiss Peeta while the world is watching, play pu[[et to the capital, and almost trying to kill herself at the end cognitive dissonance -killing other competitors in order to stay alive, even though participants have always bben taught that killing is wrong. -obeying the orders of the capitol and following along with their hunger games, even though they are being treated unfairly and they do not support the capitol. conformity -citizens of the district have to conform and give up their children in order to save the lives of everyone else -Katniss conforms to what the people of the capitol want so that she can get sponsors for the Hunger Games. -The people of the districts conform to the system in the capitol because...
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...How do the Theories of Emotion, Motivation and Development explain the events and public response to the James Bulger case of 1993? Theories allow people to see the world in a clear manner and allow them to perform actions based on what is rational. There are many theories that have evolved over the past century in Western cultures that attempt to explain how personalities develop, why people behave in certain ways, the type of environmental conditions that motivate them into acting in specific ways, and how these factors are interrelated. Some of the theories base their explanations on the social and emotional circumstances in the early years of an individual. This Essay aims to analyse the theories of emotion, motivation, and development and apply them to the events and public response to the James Bulger case of 1993. “ ‘I can never forgive Thompson and Venables for the horrendous, calculated, cold blooded murder of James.’ Said Denise Fergus the mother of the boy.” (Day. 2008). In an act that shocked the world, two ten year old boys, Jon Venables and Robert Thompson kidnapped and murdered James Bulger aged just two. The murder of James Patrick Bulger took place in Kirkby, Merseyside, England, on the 12 of February 1993. Bulger was a victim of abduction, torture and murder by two 10-year-old boys, named Robert Thompson (born 23rd August 1982) and the other one named Jon Venables (born 13th August 1982). It started with Bulger's disappearance on the 12 of February 1993...
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...Emotions Paper Psy/355 August 18, 2014 Introduction Emotion is a complex, subjective experience accompanied by biological and behavioral changes. Emotion involves feeling, thinking, and activation of the nervous system, physiological changes, and behavioral changes such as facial expressions. Different theories exist regarding how and why people experience emotions. These include evolutionary theories, the James-Lange Theory, the Cannon-Bard theory, Schacter and Singer’s two-factor theory, and cognitive appraisal. Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion Walter Bradford Cannon was best known for his developments in homeostasis; however he developed a theory of emotion called the Cannon-Bard theory. In the years of 1915 to 1920, Cannon began performing experiments to suggest that emotions came before reaction. “For example, Cannon surgically removed the entire SNS of a cat and found that whilst this abolished physical signals of arousal, the cat still showed anger, fear and pleasure. Cannon therefore argued that we are capable of feeling emotion before any bodily changes have taken place”. (Open. Web) He refined his results and expanded on the views and developed this new theory that was opposite of the present theories of the time, his theory was thought to be more sensible. According to the theory, arousal is something that does not have to come before an emotion. “It is suggested that emotions result when the thalamus sends a message to the brain in response to a stimulus...
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...Reviews of Theories of Emotion Causation Jennifer Tang Yii Ting B1201569 Department of Psychology PSY 111 Mr. Alex Lui Tutorial 8 Ms. Karuna Sarah The factor of differentiation, intensity, or elicitation are argued frequently should be listed down using the theories of emotion. There are spontaneous bodily responses, which is actuating by noncognitive yet witting perceptual states caused emotion, corresponding by Williams James. James (1890, vol. 2, p.449) reported, “emotions are perceptions of bodily responses: An emotion is our “feeling” of the “bodily changes” following upon the perception of an “exciting fact”.” Descartes and James’s theories often grouped together as both of them indicated that the go through of emotions and passions are caused by the sensory stimulation precede. Furthermore, James and Carl Georg Lange theories about emotion joint together and formed the “James-Lange theory” of emotion. The James-Lange theory gives a clear idea on the nature of emotions starting on comparing the changes in physiological within the body and emotions. However, Lange’s suggest mechanism that touch on emotion would be less accurate and it was connected with James’s theory while it makes Lange’s work become less famous. While defining for emotions, several types of components are dropped down since it is contemplate as a prototypical emotional episode. Here comes the component: cognitive component, feeling component, motivational component, somatic component, and motor component...
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...Motivated Emotions Introduction Motivation is a far-reaching concept that affects emotions. Emotion is described as a sensation that is experienced as arousal (Deckers, 2005). The difference in motivation and emotions is that emotions don’t always have a goal to reach like motivation does. However, the emotions that are felt can either strengthen or weaken the motivation that is experienced. These two components are different in not only kind but also in the intensity that is behind the experience. Motivation and emotions are important parts of all people’s lives. Theories A theory that describes emotion and arousal as it relates to human motivation is the James-Lange theory. The James-Lange theory states that emotions are a product of different bodily changes. Basically what the theory means is that emotions are feelings that are caused by physiological changes brought on by the nervous system. The theory is based off the observation that when people have an emotion it goes along with one’s body parts. An example of an emotion correlating with body parts would be anger. When someone is angry one tends to squint his or her eyes, tighten muscles, and sometimes the heart rate increases. The theory is kind of backwards compared to others. The James-Lange theory states that physiological changes are what cause one’s emotions instead of the other way around. The theorist William James stated that one could say that a person feels sad because he weeps, not...
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...Motivation and Emotion Keisha Dolen 22198323 11/20/2015 Essentials of Psychology SSC130 Essay 25072400 Emotions are feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements and that influence behavior. There are three models of emotions, The James-Lange Theory of Emotion, The Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion, and the Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion. The James – Lange theory wonders if gut reactions equal emotions. Does it? They took the view of instinctive response of crying at a loss leads us to feel sorrow, that striking out at someone who frustrates us results in feeling angry. That trembling at a threat causes us fear. For every major emotion there is an accompanying physiological or "gut" reaction of our internal organs. That reaction is called a visceral experience. This theory also has drawbacks. For it to be valid, visceral changes would occur relatively quickly, only because we experience some emotions almost instantaneously. Although emotional experiences frequently occur before there is time for certain changes to set in motion. The slowness with some visceral changes takes place, it is hard to see how they can be the source of immediate emotional experience. The Cannon-Bard Theory is based on physiological reactions as the result of emotions. They proposed the activation of bodily changes. In response to the brain and the message to the cortex regarding emotional experience. This theory really rejects the view that physiological ...
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...University of Phoenix Material Remembering, Feeling, and Thinking Worksheet Part I: Motivation, Emotion, and Behavior Explain the relationships between motivation, emotion, and behavior. How does emotion affect motivation? Give an example of a specific behavior and the motivators and emotions that can be behind that behavior. Your response should be at least 300 hundred words. Motivation can be defined as the driving force behind all the actions of an individual. The influence of an individual's needs and desires both have a strong impact on the direction of their behavior. Motivation is based on your emotions and achievement-related goals. When you feel like the world is against you and you would rather stay in bed and wallow, rather than go out there and face the world again. Your motivation is not going to be at an all-time high. Motivation stems from components that involve the drive and performance of learned responses, such as a learned behavior will not occur unless it is energized (Huitt, 2011, Para. 5). Motivation can be perceived as a crucial influence on behavior. It helps progress the ability to effectively solve problems and make decisions. Motivation is the behavior that is originated and directed toward a desired goal. This conduct can vary in intensity and persistence. The lack of motivation then causes you to stay in that little world of self-pity for as long as you feel down and depressed. Our motivation relies very much upon just how happy...
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...Motivation, Emotion, and Behavior Explain the relationships between motivation, emotion, and behavior. How does emotion affect motivation? Provide an example of a specific behavior, and the motivators and emotions that can be behind that behavior. Your response must be at least 300 words. Motivation, emotion, and behavior are all similar in the way that the more emotionally involved in something that motivates you the better your behavior towards it. For instance, you will eat more of a certain food if you like it and you will engage more in a behavior if you enjoy it. Motivation is affected by emotion in the way that motivation is something that makes a person want to work harder to achieve a goal to receive a much wanted reward. Emotions come up when the person is trying to reach that goal, it comes from the achievement or failure of the goal that the person was trying to reach. Emotion affects motivation in the way that people tend to try to reach goals that would lead to the happiness or satisfaction of the individual as a whole. Emotion can be the overall pro or con of the motivation. Part II: Theories of Emotion Summarize the four major theories of emotion. Identify which theory you think is the most valid. What makes this theory more valid to you than the others? Identify which theory of emotion you think is the least valid. What makes this theory less valid to you than the others? Your response must be at least 300 words. James- Lange Theory: the theory of...
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...Emotions And Sociology BY RASHEEDA SOTO The sociology of emotion applies sociological theories and techniques to the study of human emotions. As sociology emerged primarily as a reaction to the negative effects of modernity many theories deal in some sense with emotion without forming a part of any specific subdisapline. Marx described capitalism as detrimental to personal humans or species. The sociology of emotions is a new complex component of sociology, It gained awareness around the 1970's. Before this time, the field of sociology concentrated more on cognition emotions, although emotions have often remained a subtext in important works. Emotions were seen as the turf of psychologists and biologists. Sociologists began to systematically study emotions because they realized that emotions are fundamentally social, and that emotions have always figured as causal mechanisms in sociological theory. They are necessary to the theories of some of the most influential figures in sociology Like as Emile Durkheim and Erving Goffman. Which we learned about their views on different things though the past weeks of class. Emotions are of sociological interest because they are a primary human motivation, they help in rational decision-making, and they link the biology of the body with classic sociological questions about social construction and social control. I feel emotions are very important. Without these emotions we feel Human and animal life...
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...Material Remembering, Feeling, and Thinking Worksheet Part I: Motivation, Emotion, and Behavior Explain the relationships between motivation, emotion, and behavior. How does emotion affect motivation? Provide an example of a specific behavior, and the motivators and emotions that can be behind that behavior. Your response must be at least 300 words. Motivation is something that we as human beings all possess. There is obvious levels of motivation, these levels make a substantial difference between a regular Joe and a multi-billion dollar executive. What drives a person to reach his/her full potential is motivation, whether good or bad. Sometimes tragedy as awkward as it may sound will provide a certain individual with a heighten sense of urgency to accomplish goals that seem farfetched. Emotion is a derivative of motivation. Without having any form of this human beings cannot adhere to specific tasks properly and would ultimately shy away from success. Behavior is what ties everything together. The way an individual decides to behave normally dictates his/her emotion, which will bring the persons true ideology to the front. If the behavior is off, everything else is off. For example, Kate woke up this morning with a hangover; her behavior is sluggish and cranky from the start. When she arrives to work, there is an SUV parked in her spot. Now she is upset, this effects her emotions. Upon clocking in, she is greeted by her boss who tells her she has a presentation...
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...Thoughts on Emotions and Motivation. Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. Motivation is what causes us to act, whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or reading a book to gain knowledge. It involves the biological, emotional, social and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term motivation is frequently used to describe why a person does something. For example, you might say that a student is so motivated to get into a clinical psychology program that she spends every night studying. There are three major components to motivation: activation, persistence and intensity. Activation involves the decision to initiate a behavior, such as enrolling in a psychology class. Persistence is the continued effort toward a goal even though obstacles may exist, such as taking more psychology courses in order to earn a degree although it requires a significant investment of time, energy and resources. Finally, intensity can be seen in the concentration and vigor that goes into pursuing a goal. For example, one student might coast by without much effort, while another student will study regularly, participate in discussions and take advantage of research opportunities outside of class. Different types of motivation are frequently described as being either extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic motivations are those that arise from outside of the individual and often involve rewards such as...
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