...not necessarily those of the European Commission or any of its officials» A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server (http://www.europa.eu). Cataloguing data can be found at the end of this publication. ISBN 978-92-79-08008-1 © European Communities, 2008 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Belgium PRINTED ON CHLORE FREE PAPER The Future of the Internet A Compendium of European Projects on ICT Research Supported by the EU 7th Framework Programme for RTD European Commission I nform ati on S oc i et y and M ed ia ••• 2 Preface 5 priorities identified by the Internet Governance Forum: openness, security, access, diversity and critical Internet resources. The use of the Internet in public policies will considerably grow in areas such as education, culture, health and e-government. These topics will be at the core of our contribution to the OECD Seoul Summit in June. In the longer term, we have to prepare the future Internet, including for example, a 3D-Internet. This has already been pioneered through virtual environments such as “Second Life”. Turnover in online gaming has grown threefold over the past 5 years, and virtual worlds are estimated to attract more...
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...Facebook Account This paper will describe methods for hardening a new Apple MacBook computing system. Although I myself do not use a MacBook I recently had the opportunity to harden my daughters newly won MacBook within the timeframe of this course. In the Information Technology (IT) world hardening is a term that describes the process of configuring a system so that it is secure, for the purposes of preventing unauthorized access, providing protection from malware and maintaining integrity, security and privacy of personal or proprietary data. This paper will also describe methods for setting up and securing a child’s first Facebook account. Wireless Access Point Hardening Once our MacBook has been hardened, the next step should be connecting to the Internet through a Wireless Access Point (WAP), a function that is available through a wireless router, provided by the Internet Service Provider (ISP) or self-purchased. A wired connection would be more secure but, as a matter of functionality with a laptop it is more practical to configuring and utilize a wireless connection. The default service set identifier (SSID), which is basically the name of the WAP, will probably be set at the default of the name and model of the router. For security purposes the SSID should be changed to something unique and set to not broadcast this information. This increases the difficulty for any nearby threats scanning for and gaining access to your WAP for free internet or worse, using it...
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...LUDHIANA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY 6 Month SYNOPSIS s Training Submitted to: - Submitted by:- Mr. R.K. Aggarwal Nikhil Sharma Head of Deptt. Electronics & Comm. Electronics & Comm. 8TH (B) 80102108050 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The beatitude, bliss & euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any task would be incomplete without the expression of the appreciation of simple virtues to the people who made it possible. So, reverence, veneration and honours. I acknowledge all those whose guidance and encouragement has made successful in winding up this synopsis. I owe a huge debt of thanks to a large number of people without whom none of this would have been possible. I am thankful to Dr. J.S. Sohal(Director), Dr. Pawan Kumar(Principal), Mr. R.K Aggarwal(Head of Department) for valuable suggestions and enthusiastic interest during the entire process. For my six months industrial training...
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...The United States Air Force Blueprint for Cyberspace November 2, 2009 Foreword Cyberspace is a critical global domain, in which the USAF will conduct integrated operations in support of Joint Force Commanders’ needs. The United States is not alone in recognizing the asymmetrical advantages of this domain. Potential adversaries worldwide are rapidly improving or pursuing their own cyber capabilities. Attempts to disrupt or penetrate our networks are relentless. The blueprint that follows provides a framework to meet these challenges by evolving our culture and improving our capabilities. Air Force Space Command as the lead USAF Major Command (MAJCOM) for cyberspace will execute this blueprint as a unified effort--working closely within the Air Force, and with sister services, combatant commands, Joint Staff and other partners to fully provide the necessary capabilities for the future. C. ROBERT KEHLER General, USAF Commander, AFSPC 2 November 2009 Table of Changes Date 17 Mar 2010 No. 1 Page 13 Description Reference to Minuteman crossed out in Objective 5 Table of Contents Purpose .................................................................................................... 1 Current Situation ................................................................................. 2 Presidential Guidance ........................................................................ 2 Joint Guidance ....................................................................
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.... What business and social problems does data center power consumption cause? Data center power consumption economically affects businesses and environmentally affects society. Operating costs for data centers is very expensive. In the article, "Ubiquitous Green Computing Techniques for High Demand Applications in Smart Environments," the total operating costs, concerning electricity, of all data centers within the U.S. alone exceeded 7 billion dollars in 2010 (Ayala, J., Moya, J., Risco-Martín, J., Sanchez, C., Zapater, M. 2012). The article then explains that data centers consumed 61 billion kilowatt-hours in 2006;the Environmental Protection Agency provided this statistic to the US Congress in a report from 2007 (Ayala, J., Moya, J., Risco-Martín, J., Sanchez, C., Zapater, M. 2012). With this amount of energy being consumed by data centers, it is a cause for concern; consequently, data centers have an impact on the cost of business and negatively impact the environment via carbon footprint. As the carbon footprint grows, there is a need to realign the way businesses looks at managing their data centers. Several companies including Cisco, Dell, Google, HP, IBM, and Intel have announced efforts to reduce the environmental footprint of their product offerings (Chang et al., 2012). Large technology companies are starting to understand that being environmentally friendly is good for the wallet and good public relations. Understanding how to manage and build better data centers...
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...E-SECURITY REVIEW 2008 Submission from Microsoft Australia Introduction Microsoft Australia welcomes the opportunity to participate through this Submission in the Whole-of Government Review of E-Security. A periodic review of the E-Security framework, in light of the quickly evolving threat landscape, is both timely and appropriate. Over the last thirty years there have been dramatic advances in information technology - the development of the microprocessor, the rise of the personal computer, the emergence of the Internet - which have revolutionised the way information is created, stored, shared, and used. Today, powerful, affordable and diverse devices, together with expanding broadband networks, create a powerful opportunity for connectivity for individuals and communities. Over the past two decades, rapid advances in software, IT services, and communications have enabled many traditionally separate and disparate infrastructures and business operations to become more connected. Through this connectivity virtually every aspect of society has experienced a transformation. Businesses and governments have been able to manage and streamline their operations. Individuals have been offered ready access to multiple sources of information thereby expanding knowledge and choice. Across every field of endeavour – commercial, social, scientific and philanthropic – the power of information has been increased and the transaction costs of engagement have been lowered. Our broad reliance...
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...INDP Final Kudler Fine Foods Network Design Project NTC 362 March 17, 2014 Introduction This paper will present the Final Integrative Network Design outlining the cumulative plan that Kudler Fine Foods has accepted and agreed on for implementation of the following: Final Network Design The integrative network design project for Kudler Fine Foods will include Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) will be used as a means of communication within a private network or the internet for Kudler Fine Foods network devices. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is used for transfer of multimedia files, video, sound, and text over the internet. Kudler Fine Foods will implement File Transfer Protocol (FTP) to download files, transfer files, delete files, copy and rename files from the internet as needed. Mesh Protocol will be used to connect all devices such as printers, computers, and scanners on the network. In a true mesh topology every node has a connection to every other node in the network ("Common Physical Network Topologies ", 2014). The network will consist of a hardware firewall blocking unwanted access from outside of the location. The next step is to set up a hub or switch that will connect all of the stores terminals. All of these terminals such as registers and remote locations such as warehouse will be hardwired with twisted pair CAT 5 Ethernet cable. The server will be located in a room in each store with the hub or switch. A wireless...
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...SECURITY TECHNICAL IMPLEMENTATION GUIDE ON ENCLAVE SECURITY Version 1, Release 1 30 March 2001 [pic] DISA FIELD SECURITY OPERATIONS This page is intentionally left blank. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Definitions 1 1.3 Writing Conventions 3 1.4 STIG Distribution 3 1.5 Document Revisions 4 1.6 INFOCON 5 2. ENCLAVE SECURITY GUIDANCE 7 2.1 Traditional Security 7 2.2 Enclave Perimeter Security 7 2.2.1 Enclave Perimeter Network Intrusion Detection System (IDS) 8 2.2.2 Router Access Controls 8 2.2.3 Enclave Firewall 9 2.2.4 Virtual Private Network (VPN) Encryption 9 2.2.5 Local Enclave LAN IDS 10 2.2.6 Modem Pools (Dial-in Access) 10 2.2.7 Content Security Checking 10 2.2.8 Intrusion and Misuse Deterrence System (IMDS) 11 2.3 Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) 11 2.4 Computing Environment 11 2.4.1 Operating System (OS) Security 12 2.4.2 Host-based IDS 12 2.4.3 Content Security Checking 13 2.5 Application Security 13 2.5.1 World Wide Web (WWW) Applications 13 2.5.2 E-mail Systems 15 2.5.3 Mobile Code 15 2.5.4 Database Applications 17 2.5.5 Domain Name Service (DNS) 17 2.6 Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs) 18 3. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS 21 4. INFORMATION ASSURANCE VULNERABILITY ALERT (IAVA) PROCESS 23 5. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT...
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...Secure Data Sharing in the Cloud Danan Thilakanathan, Shiping Chen, Surya Nepal and Rafael A. Calvo 1 Introduction Cloud systems [1, 2] can be used to enable data sharing capabilities and this can provide an abundant of benefits to the user. There is currently a push for IT organisations to increase their data sharing efforts. According to a survey by InformationWeek [3], nearly all organisations shared their data somehow with 74 % sharing their data with customers and 64 % sharing with suppliers. A fourth of the surveyed organisations consider data sharing a top priority. The benefits organisations can gain from data sharing is higher productivity. With multiple users from different organisations contributing to data in the Cloud, the time and cost will be much less compared to having to manually exchange data and hence creating a clutter of redundant and possibly out-of-date documents. With social networking services such as Facebook, the benefits of sharing data are numerous [4] such as the ability to share photos, videos, information and events, creates a sense of enhanced enjoyment in one’s life and can enrich the lives of some people as they are amazed at how many people are interested in their life and well-being. For students and group-related projects, there has been a major importance for group collaborative tools [5]. Google Docs provides data sharing capabilities as groups of students or teams working on a project can share documents and can collaborate...
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...ADAPTIVE RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ARMS) FOR CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE PROTECTION Mihaela Ulieru and Paul Worthington Emergent Information Systems Laboratory The University of Calgary Ulieru@ucalgary.ca http://www.enel.ucalgary.ca/People/Ulieru/ Abstract The purpose of this work is to develop an adaptive risk management framework capable to prevent, identify and respond in critical time to threats. Our focus is on protecting critical infrastructure (e.g. public utilities) which vitally depends on network and information security. As solution we propose a holonic Cybersecurity system that unfolds into an emergency response management infrastructure capable to react in due time to unknown and new kinds of attacks/threats. The system can adapt to its changing environment through its self-organizing capability. Mimicking the way immunity works in biological organisms the system can dynamically adapt to embrace new risk situations and can dynamically create and learn new risk models as it encounters new risk situations. Keywords. Risk management, holonic, self-organization, multi-agent systems. 1. Rationale During the emergency response to the September 11, 2001 attack on the World Trade Centre, emergency response commanders on the scene were unable to communicate to ‘911’ Public Service Access Points (PSAP) that people should evacuate the building. As a result, PSAP operators complied with New York City’s standard operating procedure for hi-rise fires and advised...
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...INFORMATION RESOURCE GUIDE Computer, Internet and Network Systems Security An Introduction to Security i Security Manual Compiled By: S.K.PARMAR, Cst N.Cowichan Duncan RCMP Det 6060 Canada Ave., Duncan, BC 250-748-5522 sunny@seaside.net This publication is for informational purposes only. In no way should this publication by interpreted as offering legal or accounting advice. If legal or other professional advice is needed it is encouraged that you seek it from the appropriate source. All product & company names mentioned in this manual are the [registered] trademarks of their respective owners. The mention of a product or company does not in itself constitute an endorsement. The articles, documents, publications, presentations, and white papers referenced and used to compile this manual are copyright protected by the original authors. Please give credit where it is due and obtain permission to use these. All material contained has been used with permission from the original author(s) or representing agent/organization. ii T eofContent abl 1.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 BASIC INTERNET TECHNICAL DETAILS ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.1.1 TCP/IP : Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol .........................................
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...engineering techniques are based on specific attributes of human decision-making known as cognitive biases.[3] These biases, sometimes called "bugs in the human hardware," are exploited in various combinations to create attack techniques, some of which are listed here: Pretexting[edit] Pretexting (adj. pretextual), also known in the UK as blagging or bohoing, is the act of creating and using an invented scenario (the pretext) to engage a targeted victim in a manner that increases the chance the victim will divulge information or perform actions that would be unlikely in ordinary circumstances.[4] An elaborate lie, it most often involves some prior research or setup and the use of this information for impersonation (e.g., date of birth, Social Security number, last bill amount) to establish legitimacy in the mind of the target.[5] This technique can be used to fool a business into disclosing customer information as well as by private investigators to obtain telephone records, utility records, banking records and other information directly from company service representatives. The information can then be used to establish even greater legitimacy under tougher questioning with a manager, e.g., to make account changes, get specific balances, etc. Pretexting can also be used to impersonate co-workers, police, bank, tax authorities, clergy, insurance investigators — or any other individual who could have perceived authority or right-to-know in the mind of the targeted victim. The pretexter...
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...Report | Symantec http://www.symantec.com/threatreport/print.jsp?id=highlights... BOOKMARK THIS PAGE | PRINT THIS PAGE | CLOSE Internet Security Threat Report Volume 17 Custom Report SHARE THIS PAGE Symantec blocked a total of over 5.5 billion malware attacks in 2011, an 81% increase over 2010. Web based attacks increased by 36% with over 4,500 new attacks each day. 403 million new variants of malware were created in 2011, a 41% increase of 2010. SPAM volumes dropped by 34% in 2011 over rates in 2010. 39% of malware attacks via email used a link to a web page. Mobile vulnerabilities continued to rise, with 315 discovered in 2011. Only 8 zero-day vulnerabilities were discovered in 2011 compared with 14 in 2010. 50% of targeted attacks were aimed at companies with less than 2500 employees. Overall the number of vulnerabilities discovered in 2011 dropped 20%. Only 42% of targeted attacks are aimed at CEOs, Senior Managers and Knowledge Workers. In 2011 232 million identities were exposed. An average of 82 targeted attacks take place each day. Mobile threats are collecting data, tracking users and sending premium text messages. You are more likely to be infected by malware placed on a legitimate web site than one created by a hacker. Introduction Symantec has established some of the most comprehensive sources of Internet threat data in the world through the Symantec Global Intelligence Network, which is made up of more than 64.6 million attack sensors and records thousands...
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...differentiation strategy through the following steps. E-business will play a large role in our new differentiation business strategy. With our new Broadway Café website, our customers can enjoy one stop shopping and find their favorite Broadway Café items from the convenience of their homes. An addition to the retail aspect of our website, our customers will be able to leave important feedback and make suggestions that will improve our business. Our business is currently operating under a brick and mortar scheme. The addition of our e-business will now make us a click and mortar business, which we believe will increase our overall revenues and make the Broadway Café more up-to-date and competitive with other coffee shop chains. Next, our biometric security system will let the...
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...businesses are enthusiastic about setting up facilities on the web for electronic commerce. But in real web and internet are vulnerable to compromises with various sorts. As business wake up to this reality, the demand for secure web services grows. There are two types of threats to the web services : 1.1 Passive attacks : It is eavesdropping on network traffic between browser and server and gaining access to information on a web site that is supposed to be restricted. 1.2 Active attack : It includes impersonating another user, altering messages in transit between client and server and altering information on a web site. In all distributed environment electronic mail is the most heavily used network based application. It is the only application that is widely used across all architecture and vendor platforms. Users expect to be able to and do, send mail to others who are connected directly or indirectly to the internet. PGP(Pretty Good Privacy) is an open-source freely available software for E-Mail security. It provides authentication through the use of digital signature, confidentiality through the use of symmetric block encryption, compression using the ZIP algorithm, E-Mail compatibility using the radix-64 encoding scheme and segmentation and reassembly to accommodate long e-mails. Chapter 2 Review of literature tells the need and appraisal of e-mail security Software. E-mail is well established as a prime means of communication for business purposes that...
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