...Securing and Protecting Information Jane Doe CGMT/400 March 9, 2015 John Doe Securing and Protecting Information As the most important asset within the organization it is necessary to provide measures that can effectively protect data from loss and unauthorized intrusions. Information security involves authenticating users with a high level of protocol and promoting accountability within the information infrastructure. This approach may involve use of the organization assets, identification, authentication, authorization and the use of third party security systems or devices to protect data from unauthorized access. Security Authentication Process The security authentication process is the first step in information security and assurance. This process involves “binding a specific ID to a specific computer connection” (University of Phoenix, 2011) in order to authenticate access to the information system. During this process the user provides a user ID and password to the computer system or remote server to verify his or her identity. Authentication is accomplished when the system or server matches the user ID to a specific password and grants the user remote access to system resources. Identification The identification process is an access control element designed to match a user to a specific process. The identification process is performed the first time a user ID is issued to a specific user. User IDs have unique values and can...
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...System Integrity and Validation ACC/542 Accounting Information Systems August 11, 2014 Irene Branum Preface Kudler Fine Foods began operations in 1998, by Kathy Kudler; the company has grown from one store to three and aspirations to add more locations in the near future. Our company was hired to analyze Kudler’s future accounting technology needs. We recommended a system to automate the accounting functions of accounts payable, accounts receivable, inventory, and payroll. We concluded that upgrading its accounting information system with retail-specific software instead of custom written software would be best for Kudler Foods. We have assessed the design basics of the data tables from an accounting perspective; recommend improvement to the data tables, and clarified how the information in the pivot table advanced decision-making for management The pivot table made from the information extracted from Kudlers inventory report for year-end will improve the decision-making process of inventory to be purchased by store location and by product type. We have analyzed the risk associated with the Accounting Information System in the areas of accounts payable, accounts receivable, inventory, and payroll, identified all risks and internal control points, incorporated the controls and risks into flowcharts, designed internal controls to mitigate risks to the systems, evaluated the application of internal controls to the systems, and discussed other controls...
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...as “a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior.” A barrier is defined by Merriam Webster as “something material or immaterial that blocks or impedes.” Barriers are obstacles that can prevent communication from being effective. According to Written and Interpersonal Communication, communication is a process involving several steps among two or more persons, for the primary purpose of exchanging information. The process of communication has five basic steps: first a person needs to transmit an idea, next the idea must be sent, the idea must be received, the idea must be understood, and last the receiver should give feedback to the sender. These components make up the communication process. It is a vital system in the criminal justice field in order for the system to operate correctly. Hearing and listening are often confused as being the same thing. It is simply not true. Anyone who is not deaf can hear, we are programmed to perceive sound by our ears. Listening is something that a person consciously chooses to do. Listening is a vital part of the communication process, for it is by listening that one can receive the needed information. Channels of information refer to the methods or avenues that by which information flows from one party to another. The direction of information indicates the way in which communication flows. There are two communication channels used in any organization, formal...
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...Information technology (IT) is a critical resource for today’s businesses. It both supports and consumes a significant amount of an organization’s resources. Just like the other three major types of business resources—people, money, and machines—it needs to be managed wisely. IT spends a significant portion of corporate budgets. Worldwide IT spending topped $3.7 trillion in 2011, a jump of almost 8% from the previous year. It’s projected to continue to increase.5 More than 350 companies each plan to invest more than $1 billion in IT, particularly in cloud, social, mobile and big data. Companies in a Gartner study reported that cloud services will grow five times faster than overall IT enterprise spending annually through 2015. These resources must return value, or they will be invested elsewhere. The business manager, not the IS specialist, decides which activities receive funding, estimates the risk associated with the investment, and develops metrics for evaluating the performance of the Reasons IS must be managed as a critical resource IS enable change in the way people work together IS are part of almost every aspect of business IS enable or inhibit business opportunities and new strategies IS can be used to combat business challenges from competitors FIGURE I-1 Reasons why business managers should participate in information systems decisions. 5 http://www.gartner.com/technology/research/it-spending-forecast/ (accessed on February 12, 2012). 4 c Introduction ...
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...1.1 Purpose and Scope The information security concern regarding information disposal and media sanitization resides not in the media but in the recorded information. The issue of media disposal and sanitization is driven by the information placed intentionally or unintentionally on the media. Electronic media used on a system should be assumed to contain information commensurate with the security categorization of the system’s confidentiality. If not handled properly, release of these media could lead to an occurrence of unauthorized disclosure of information. Categorization of an information technology (IT) system in accordance with Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 199, Standards for Security Categorization of Federal Information and Information Systems1 , is the critical first step in understanding and managing system information and media. Based on the results of categorization, the system owner should refer to NIST Special Publication (SP) 800-53 Revision 4, Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations2 , which specifies that “the organization sanitizes information system digital media using approved equipment, techniques, and procedures. The organization tracks, documents, and verifies media sanitization and destruction actions and periodically tests sanitization equipment/procedures to ensure correct performance. The organization sanitizes or destroys information system digital media before its disposal...
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...the collection and management of business information, and the successful communication of that information throughout a business, is critical for the future prosperity of the organisation. Unit introduction A business needs accurate and relevant information from internal and external sources in order to operate profitably. Proper collection of data creates an environment where informed decisions can be taken for the benefit of the business. In order to manage information effectively, there must be good communication systems within the organisation. Staff must possess good verbal and written skills in order to communicate and share information. Business information can be used to obtain competitive advantage and promote efficiency. Organisations generate information internally, recording details of products manufactured, purchased and sold, and their associated costs. Businesses use information to manage not only what is currently happening in the organisation but also to plan for the future and ensure their survival. Information is collected, stored, manipulated, analysed and reported to those who need to use it. People need to become skilled manipulators and users of information to ensure organisations become more efficient and succeed in achieving their stated purposes. Since the development of the personal computer and more recently the internet, communication methods have changed significantly. Gathering relevant information from a range of sources is a skill that...
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...that the collection and management of business information, and the successful communication of that information throughout a business, is critical for the future prosperity of the organisation. Unit introduction A business needs accurate and relevant information from internal and external sources in order to operate profitably. Proper collection of data creates an environment where informed decisions can be taken for the benefit of the business. In order to manage information effectively, there must be good communication systems within the organisation. Staff must possess good verbal and written skills in order to communicate and share information Business information can be used to obtain competitive advantage and promote efficiency. Organisations generate information internally, recording details of products manufactured, purchased and sold, and their associated costs. Businesses use information to manage not only what is currently happening in the organisation but also to plan for the future and ensure their survival. Information is collected, stored, manipulated, analysed and reported to those who need to use it. People need to become skilled manipulators and users of information to ensure organisations become more efficient and succeed in achieving their stated purposes. Since the development of the personal computer and more recently the internet, communication methods have changed significantly. Gathering relevant information from a range of sources is a skill that needs...
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...1.1 INTRODUCTION The combination of visual and auditory information at the human-computer interface is a natural step forward. In everyday life both senses combine to give complementary information about the world; they are interdependent. The visual system gives us detailed data about a small area of focus whereas the auditory system provides general data from all around, alerting us to things outside our peripheral vision. The combination of these two senses gives much of the information we need about our everyday environment. Dannenberg & Blattner ([23], pp xviii-xix) discuss some of the advantages of using this approach in multimedia/multimodal computer systems: "In our interaction with the world around us, we use many senses. Through each sense we interpret the external world using representations and organisations to accommodate that use. The senses enhance each other in various ways, adding synergies or further informational dimensions". They go on to say: "People communicate more effectively through multiple channels. ... Music and other sound in film or drama can be used to communicate aspects of the plot or situation that are not verbalised by the actors. Ancient drama used a chorus and musicians to put the action into its proper setting without interfering with the plot. Similarly, non-speech audio messages can communicate to the computer user without interfering with an application". These advantages can be brought to the multimodal human-computer interface...
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...1) Why have a framework? A framework is essential if organization is to plan effectively and makes sensible allocations of resources to information system tasks. A framework that allows an organisation to gain perspective on the field of information systems can be a powerful way of providing focus and improving the effectiveness of the system efforts. Without a framework to guide management the system tends to serve the strongest manager or react to the greatest crisis. Framework offers us a new way to characterize the progress made to date and offer us insight into the problems that have been encountered. 2) What is the background to the introduction of this framework? To use this framework to analyse the types of resources required in the different decision areas and the ways in which these resources should be used. 3) How do Gorry and Scott Morton build their framework? The framework they build is for managerial activities not for information systems. They built it in a way of looking at decisions made in an organisation. They say that information systems should only exist to support decisions and this is why they are looking for a characterization of organizational activity in terms of the decision involved. They also say that an understanding of managerial activity is a prerequisite for effective systems design and implementation. 4) Summarise Anthony’s framework. Anthony has developed taxonomy for managerial activity consisting...
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...Identify the types of errors that can occur in a non-integration performance management, compensation, benefit, and payroll system. There are many issues or error that can occur in a non-intergrated performance management system. One error that can occur is that the system data may not match up with the management compensation, payroll or benefits. The system will need to intergrated in order to ensure that information is properly used. Discuss how an HRIS can reduce the errors and build a more stable relationship with employees. A good HRIS can reduce the errors and guild a more stable relationship with employees by store data that can be retrieved by the employee who can check for any possible errors that may occur. It would allow for the employee to edit information and ensure that accurate information is being stored. If employee can not edit the information themselves, then they can request for information to be corrected. Discuss how an HR professional can justify the cost of an HRIS for this purpose. The fact that the most important parts of the HRIS is built to access data from the state and federal agencies for compliance purposes, data for payroll, compensation and benefits for each employee updates the entire file with one entry and provide reports that are consistent saving an incredible amount of time to the HR professional is justification for having a HRIS system. The HRIS system generates data for use over a long period of time, and maintains a...
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...Management Information System – LLC 3215 UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION SYSTEMS Unit Structure 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Overview Learning Outcomes Introduction Information Technology and Information What is an Information System? 1.4.1 Components of an Information System 1.4.2 Functions of an Information System 1.4.3 Data versus Information 1.5 1.6 1.7 Advantages of Computerised Information Systems Information Systems and Businesses Factors affecting the Business Environment 1.7.1 Globalisation 1.7.2 Shifting from Industrial-based to Knowledge-based Economies 1.7.3 Transformation of the Enterprise 1.7.4 The Digital Firm 1.8 1.9 The Internet New Options for Businesses 1.9.1 The Networked Enterprise 1.9.2 Electronic Business, Electronic Commerce and Electronic Government 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 Information Systems at Different Levels of Management Management Challenges with Information Systems Activities Discussion Questions Summary Unit 1 1 Management Information System – LLC 3215 1.0 OVERVIEW Nowadays, information is considered to be a very valuable resource in organisations. It is in fact comparable to other valuable resources like money, human power and raw materials. Information is vital in our everyday life. Consider the importance of weather forecasts in Mauritius during cyclonic periods. This leads us to the concept of information being a driver for decision-making. This unit will help you understand why we need to manage...
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...1 Information Systems and Software Applications Unisa Jaffa BIS/219 October 19, 2010 Oludotun (Dot) Oni 2 Information Systems and Software Application Every business organizations need information to succeed in this competitive global village. A combination of internal and external business information resources can provide the background necessary to evaluate current performance and plan future progress. Knowing the types of information resources that are most critical to business can help organizations plan for capturing, analyzing and using that information most effectively either to increase profitability or to be able to survive tight competition in the global market. Large and small industries used technology to collect, report pertinent information, analyze data to make them more competitive and profitable. Applying and running these applications in Accounting, Human Resources, and marketing will allow these organizational departments to grow and run more efficient and effectively. I will be taking a look at accounting, HR and marketing, to see how these applications are put to use. ...
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...Fundamental of Information System and System Development 1. What is an information system? What are some ways information system are changing our lives? * A combination of hardware, software, infrastructure and trained personnel organized to facilitate planning, control, coordination, and decision making in an organization. 2. How would you distinguish data and information? Information and Knowledge? To distinguish between data and information you need to know what each one means. Data is the raw material for processing and refers to unprocessed information. Information is processed data. Information is that which informs that from which data can be derived. Information is conveyed either as the content of a message or through direct or indirect observation of some thing. That which is perceived can be construed as a message in its own right, and in that sense, information is always conveyed as the content of a message. Information can be encoded into various forms for transmission and interpretation. Knowledge is a familiarity, awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information, descriptions, or skills, which is acquired through experience or education by perceiving, discovering, or learning. Knowledge can refer to a theoretical or practical understanding of a subject. 3. Enumerate and define the characteristics of valuable information. * Relevant-Information, to be considered relevant, must meet the requirements of the information consumer...
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...1. What are the different types of decisions and how does the decision-making process work? There are 3 different types of decisions, which are Unstructured, Structured, and Semi-Structured. For Unstructured decision making managers must provide judgment, evaluation, and insight to solve problem. The made decision depends on the individual making it. In a Structured decision repetition and routines are applied for each decision that is made. These decisions have a procedure for handling a situation so that it does not have to be approached as a new situation upon accurance. Structured takes away stress from the manangers as they do not have to make difficult decisions. But, managers also lose some of their power with this decision making process. Semi-structured allows the manager to use past situations for current problems, but also has the flexibility to emphasize using own judgement. 2. How do information systems support the activities of managers and management decision making? Information systems can assist in making decisions by providing information and tools for analysis. To manage situations effieciently and effectively, organiztions use Management Information Systems, MIS, to process information. Individuals, technology, and informationManagement information systems involve three primary resources people, technology, and information. Management information systems are distinct from other information systems in that they are used to analyze operational activities...
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...Competitive Use of Customer Data Canyon Ranch Case 1. What type of products/services does Canyon Ranch provide? How unique they are compared with competitors in the industry? What's the nature of its customers? Where does the competition come from for Canyon Ranch? • Canyon Ranch’s product and services are broken into two categories, a destination resort and a spa club. The destination resorts are divided into three revenue generating departments. They are health and healing, hotel and spa. Each area offers a wide array of products and services. They include 230 different services in both spa and health and healing Departments. The have medical doctors, nutritionists, behaviorists, and exercise physiologists on staff. In addition, they provide lectures and fitness classes, as well as multiple outdoor activities where there is no extra charge. The spa clubs focus on fitness and salon services, which were designed to introduce customers to the “Canyon Ranch” brand. • Canyon Ranch is unique as compared to their competitors because they are able to tailor services to the special needs of the guest. Their large array of services in the health and healing department set it apart from most competitors by integrating everything under “one roof.” • The nature of Canyon Ranch customers were woman in their forties, with grown kids, high household income, active, generally fit and who do not compromise on wanting the best. In addition, their men client’s, are of...
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