...1473-8376 www.heacademy.ac.uk/johlste ACADEMIC PAPER Perceptions of hospitality and tourism students towards study motivations and preferences: a study of Hong Kong students Myong Jae Lee (mjlee@csupomona.edu) The Collins College of Hospitality Management, California State Polytechnic University 3801 West Temple Avenue, Pomona, CA91768, USA Samuel Seongseop Kim (sskim@sejong.ac.kr) Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, Seoul, Korea Ada Lo (hmada@polyu.edu.hk) School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong DOI:10.3794/johlste.72.178 ©Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism Education Abstract This study identifies reasons why college students in Hong Kong want to study hospitality and tourism management (HTM) and why they want to pursue HTM degrees abroad. It also aims to identify students’ preferred HTM study areas. An empirical study of a cohort of 384 HTM students was conducted to determine their motives for their choice of HTM. The results indicate that there were five motivational factors among HTM students: self-actualisation, job opportunity, field attractiveness, ease of study, and scholastic achievement. Detailed information on the motivational factors along with preferred overseas study destinations and HTM study areas are discussed. Keywords: Hospitality and tourism management (HTM); Study motivations; Study preferences Myong Jae (MJ) Lee is an assistant...
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...UNIT 1 The travel and tourism industry Introduction T he travel and tourism industry is one of the biggest and fastest growing industries in the UK. This unit will give you an introduction to the industry, providing a sound basis for further study. You will find out about the nature of the industry, its size and scale, and you will be introduced to the types of organisations that form its structure. In addition you will investigate the development of the industry and the factors which have affected the growth of travel and tourism. How you will be assessed This unit is assessed through an external assessment set by Edexcel. A variety of exercises and activities is provided in this unit to help you develop your understanding of the industry and prepare for the external assessment. After completing the unit you will achieve the following outcomes: ✱ Understand the nature and characteristics of travel and tourism and the travel and tourism industry ✱ Understand the development of the travel and tourism industry ✱ Explain the structure of the travel and tourism industry ✱ Explain the scale of the travel and tourism industry. UNIT 1: THE TRAVEL AND TOURISM INDUSTRY 1 1.1 The nature and characteristics of travel and tourism and the travel and tourism industry What is tourism? Defining tourism is not a simple matter, as it is a complex industry made up of many different businesses, the common theme being that they provide products and services...
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...ARTICLE IN PRESS Tourism Management 29 (2008) 403–428 www.elsevier.com/locate/tourman Progress in Tourism Management Event tourism: Definition, evolution, and research Donald Getzà Haskayne School of Business, University of Calgary, 2500 University Ave. N.W., Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4 Received 24 April 2007; accepted 31 July 2007 Abstract This article reviews ‘event tourism’ as both professional practice and a field of academic study. The origins and evolution of research on event tourism are pinpointed through both chronological and thematic literature reviews. A conceptual model of the core phenomenon and key themes in event tourism studies is provided as a framework for spurring theoretical advancement, identifying research gaps, and assisting professional practice. Conclusions are in two parts: a discussion of implications for the practice of event management and tourism, and implications are drawn for advancing theory in event tourism. r 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Event tourism; Definitions; Theory; Research 1. Introduction Events are an important motivator of tourism, and figure prominently in the development and marketing plans of most destinations. The roles and impacts of planned events within tourism have been well documented, and are of increasing importance for destination competitiveness. Yet it was only a few decades ago that ‘event tourism’ became established in both the tourism industry and in the research community,...
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...Dictionary of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality By the same author Britain – Workshop or Service Centre to the World? The British Hotel and Catering Industry The Business of Hotels (with H. Ingram) Europeans on Holiday Higher Education and Research in Tourism in Western Europe Historical Development of Tourism (with A.J. Burkart) Holiday Surveys Examined The Management of Tourism (with A.J. Burkart eds) Managing Tourism (ed.) A Manual of Hotel Reception (with J.R.S. Beavis) Paying Guests Profile of the Hotel and Catering Industry (with D.W. Airey) Tourism and Hospitality in the 21st Century (with A. Lockwood eds) Tourism and Productivity Tourism Council of the South Pacific Corporate Plan Tourism Employment in Wales Tourism: Past, Present and Future (with A.J. Burkart) Trends in Tourism: World Experience and England’s Prospects Trends in World Tourism Understanding Tourism Your Manpower (with J. Denton) Dictionary of Travel, Tourism and Hospitality S. Medlik Third edition OXFORD AMSTERDAM BOSTON LONDON NEW YORK PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Butterworth-Heinemann An imprint of Elsevier Science Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington MA 01803 First published 1993 Reprinted (with amendments) 1994 Second edition 1996 Third edition 2003 Copyright © 1993, 1996, 2003, S. Medlik. All rights reserved The right of S. Medlik to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted...
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...Grade Boundaries Edexcel GCE AS/A level and Applied GCE June 2014 Understanding our Edexcel GCE AS level, A level, and Applied GCE grade boundaries This document shows the grade boundaries for our modular Edexcel GCE AS and A levels and Applied GCE qualifications. For each set of grade boundaries, the maximum number of available marks is also shown. For individual units, maximum marks and boundaries are shown for both the raw and uniform (UMS) mark scales. Maximum marks and grade boundaries for the overall qualification (the ‘cash-in’) are only shown in UMS marks. Where grade boundaries are greyed out for a particular unit, there are no grade boundaries available. This may be because: the unit was not available in this exam session ● no one took the unit in this exam session. ● Some units have more than one set of grade boundaries because more than one version of the paper was taken. Where the paper title is followed by “Paper 01R”, the paper was sat in countries more than 5 hours ahead of the UK. Definition of terms A grade boundary is the minimum mark at which a letter grade can be achieved. For example, if the grade boundary for a B is 60 marks, then 60 is the minimum mark at which a B can be achieved. A mark of 59 would therefore be a C grade. For modular qualifications, assessments can be taken in various exam sessions throughout the duration of the course. For linear qualifications, all assessments must be taken in the same exam session. A raw mark is the actual mark...
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...essential. With over 30 years’ experience producing highly respected off-the-shelf publications, Key Note has built a reputation as the number one source of UK market information. Below are just a few of the comments our business partners and clients have made on Key Note’s range of reports. “The test of any marketing strategy and plan lies in the quality of information used, upon which marketing judgments and decisions are based. Quality is the key word here. The Key Note reports are an excellent source of such quality information, covering a wide variety of product sectors.” The Chartered Institute of Marketing “We have enjoyed a long-standing relationship with Key Note and have always received an excellent service. Key Note reports are well produced and are always in demand by users of the business library. Having subscribed to Market Assessment reports for a number of years, we continue to be impressed by their quality and breadth of coverage.” The British Library “When we are putting together strategic information for presentations to major retailers and Symington’s Board, the combination of Key Note’s market research and company information proves invaluable. It is accurate and easy to use, and provides us with important insight that we cannot get elsewhere.” Symington’s “I regard Key Note as the number one provider of UK market research. The way Key Note content is packaged and presented is appealing and easy to understand and therefore a must for my taught course students...
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...MEMORY-WORK: AN INTRODUCTION Jennie Small University of Technology, Sydney Research methodology, from the perspective of Critical social science, is considered as: inherently political, as inescapably tied to issues of power and legitimacy. It is assumed that methods are permeated with assumptions about what the social world is, who the social scientist is, and what the nature of the relation between them is (Lather, 1991, p.12). Critical social science moves away from description of behaviour as enduring social fact to attempting to understand how behaviour is produced, thus recasting behaviour as “the effects of contingent and contested processes of change” (Churchman, 2000, p.100 citing Scott). Feminists and those working within a social constructionist paradigm have debated whether there are research methods specific to such approaches. In other words, is there a social constructionist or feminist method? Schwandt (1994), in discussing constructivist, interpretivist approaches to human enquiry, commented that “what is unusual about the approaches cannot be explained through an examination of their methods. They are principally concerned with matters of knowing and being, not method per se” (p.118). Feminists have also considered that it is the methodology and outcomes rather than the methods which define the research as being feminist. Nonetheless, while feminists have adopted a variety of methods, they have tended to prefer qualitative...
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...SYLLABUS Cambridge International AS and A Level Travel and Tourism 9395 For examination in June and November 2015 Cambridge Advanced Changes to syllabus for 2015 This syllabus has been updated, but there are no significant changes. Cambridge International Examinations retains the copyright on all its publications. Registered Centres are permitted to copy material from this booklet for their own internal use. However, we cannot give permission to Centres to photocopy any material that is acknowledged to a third party even for internal use within a Centre. ® IGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge International Examinations © Cambridge International Examinations 2013 Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Why choose Cambridge? Why choose Cambridge International AS and A Level? Why choose Cambridge International AS and A Level Travel and Tourism? Cambridge AICE (Advanced International Certificate of Education) Diploma How can I find out more? 2. Teacher support .............................................................................................................. 6 2.1 Support materials 2.2 Resource lists 2.3 Training 3. Assessment at a glance ................................................................................................. 7 4. Syllabus aims and assessment objectives.....................................................
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...turnover 15 3.5. Lack of MICE related Infrastructure 16 3.6. Inadequate supply of quality talent 16 3.7. Low security 17 3.8. High cost of developing property 17 3.9. Poor Infrastructure 18 3.10. Difficult project financing 18 4. Growth Drivers 18 4.1. International tourist arrivals 18 4.2. MICE Destination (Meetings, Incentives, Conferencing, Exhibitions) 19 4.3. Government spending to boost growth 19 4.4. Improving economic environment 20 4.5. Increasing spending power 21 4.6. Government Support (Non-Monetory) 21 4.7. Offers from Airline Industry 24 5. Emerging Trends in the sector 25 5.1. Premium Hotel’s profitability to hit lows 25 5.2. Increasing revenues from F&B Segment 26 5.3. Development of niche tourism offerings 26 5.4. Growing trend towards service apartments 27 5.5. Growing demand for budget segment 27 5.6. Increasing interest of international operators 28 5.7. Growing trend towards spa and gymnasium facilities 28 6. Factors influencing Revenues 28 6.1. Segmented Market 28 6.2. Perishable Inventory 29 6.3. Low Marginal Cost 29 6.4. Advanced Bookings 29 6.5. Demand Fluctuations 29 7. SWOT 30 8. PORTER’s Five Force Model 30 9. Player Profiles 31 9.1. The Indian Hotels Company (IHCL) 32 9.2. EIH Limited – A member of the Oberoi Group...
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...GOVERNMENT OF INDIA MINISTRY OF TOURISM & CULTURE DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM MARKET RESEARCH DIVISION FINAL REPORT ON 20 YEAR PERSPECTIVE PLAN FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM IN MAHARASHTRA MARCH 2003 ΑΒΧ DALAL MOTT MACDONALD (FORMERLY DALAL CONSULTANTS & ENGINEERS LIMITED) Study Report on Preparation of 20 Years Perspective Plan for Development of Sustainable Tourism in Maharashtra Dalal Mott MacDonald Joint Director General (MR), Department of Tourism Joint Director General (MR), Department of Tourism Ministry of Tourism & Culture C-1, Hutments, Dalhousie Road New Delhi – 110 001 India Study Report on Preparation of 20 Years Perspective Plan for Development of Sustainable Tourism in Maharashtra March 2003 Dalal Consultants & Engineers Limited Sarojini House 6 Bhagwan Dass Road New Delhi 110 001 India Tel: (011)-3389386, 3383521. 1441/Maharashtra/A/18 July 2002 C:\websiteadd\pplan\maharashtra\Vol 1\Executive Summary Final.doc/01 Study Report on Preparation of 20 Years Perspective Plan for Development of Sustainable Tourism in Maharashtra Dalal Mott MacDonald Joint Director General (MR), Department of Tourism Study Report on Preparation of 20 Years Perspective Plan for Development of Sustainable Tourism in Maharashtra ssue and Revision Record Rev Date Originator Checker Approver Description This document has been prepared for the titled project or named part thereof and should not be relied upon or used for any other project without...
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...education departments in the UK. Methodology Drawing on relevant literature, the authors develop a quality audit tool that incorporates all key components of effective quality management programmes and apply it to a single UK case study department. Findings The findings suggest that the potential for quality enhancement is determined by the manner in which the evaluation is conducted and subsequent change implemented. Perhaps unsurprisingly there is currently an emphasis on internally derived quantitative data and there is potential to enhance the management of the quality of HE programmes. Research Limitations/Implications This article has concentrated on the development of the quality audit tool and tested this within one UK department. Work is underway to now test the tool on an international basis. Paper type Research paper Key Words quality, higher education EVALUATING QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENTS Introduction In many countries and many cultures, the issue of quality management has been firmly on the agenda of higher education institutions for quite some time. Higher education for the masses and a growing climate of increasing accountability (Oldfield and Baron, 1998, Eriksen, 1995) are frequently cited as the rationale for a greater emphasis on quality. Accordingly there has been a good deal of research into the subject of quality in higher education, with well-recognised contributions from all corners of the globe1. Within the UK there are particular...
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...CHAPTER 1 | TOURISM | 1.1 INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM Since the beginning of the time people have travelled In the early periods, people used to travel for food, water and safety or acquisition of resources (trade). But in the recent times, the word travel is also associated with pleasure or exploration. Now, Tourism is the business of providing travel, accommodation, food, entertainment to the people who are travelling for the purpose of either recreation and leisure or business. Tourism may be expressed as the processes, activities, and outcomes arising from the relationships and the interactions among tourists, tourism suppliers, host governments, host communities, and surrounding environments that are involved in the attracting and hosting of visitors. Hence, tourism is the movement of people (tourists) to a destination outside of place, where they normally live and work. Tourism is not only restricted to people (tourists) but it is also the movement of activities of the providers. For example, the services provided during the course of travel. Tourism is about involving people and knowing them better. It is not a short term process of but a long term relationship between the consumer (tourists) and provider of Tourism Service. Tourism is the collection of activities, services and industries that delivers a travel experience including transportation, accommodations, eating and drinking establishments, retail shops, entertainment businesses, activity facilities...
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...Scott / CULTURAL-PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES REVIEW / March 2004 10.1177/1078087403261256 URBAN AFFAIRS ARTICLE CULTURAL-PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES AND URBAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Prospects for Growth and Market Contestation in Global Context University of California, Los Angeles ALLEN J. SCOTT The article begins with a brief definition of the cultural economy. A first generation of local economic development policy approaches based on place marketing and associated initiatives is described. The possibilities of a more powerful second-generation approach are then sketched out with special emphasis on localized complexes of cultural-products industries. An extensive review and classification of these complexes is laid out, and their inward and outward relations to global markets are considered. On this basis, a critical discussion of local economic policy options focused on cultural-products industries is offered. Contrasting examples of development initiatives in major global cities, in selected old manufacturing towns, and in the Multimedia Super Corridor of Malaysia are briefly presented. It is suggested that the growth and spread of localized production agglomerations based on cultural-products industries are leading not to cultural uniformity but to greatly increased diversity at the global level. Keywords: agglomeration; cultural economy; globalization; industrial districts; local economic development; place marketing Over the past decade or so, the industrial profile...
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...Blekinge Institute of Technology School of Management Master Thesis M.Sc. in Business Administration The Use of Promotional Activities in the Tourism Industry: The Case of Bangladesh [pic] By Md. Jakir Hossain Dr. Klaus Solberg Søilen ID # 670504-P777 Academic Supervisor E-mail: mjho05@student.bth.se hossainj67@yahoo.com Date: 07 June, 2006 Abstract This thesis is an attempt to investigate how the use of promotional activities can help to develop the tourism industry by giving a special concentration to the case of Bangladesh. The investigation was conducted from both a theoretical and an empirical point of view. The contribution of the same industry to the world economy is considerable. Many countries are now dependent on this sector for foreign currency earnings. Every destination country is trying to achieve more gain by developing this industry. The expansion of the tourism through out the world has increased competition among the tourist destinations, trying to attract more tourists by adopting appropriate marketing techniques and strategies. Failure of doing so by a particular marketer will lead to a less competitive in the world tourism market. As an important element of marketing mix, promotion plays the vital role in marketing any product and service. Tourism product/service is of no exception. Because of the tourists want to know in advance about the attractions and the facilities of a particular destination. The tourist...
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...Tourism Management 31 (2010) 1–12 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Tourism Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tourman Progress in Tourism Management A review of innovation research in tourism Anne-Mette Hjalager University of Southern Denmark, Niels Bohrsvej 9-10, DK-6700 Esbjerg, Denmark a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 27 January 2009 Accepted 31 August 2009 Keywords: Innovation Innovation systems Knowledge Clusters Policy a b s t r a c t Over the past two decades, there has been increasing focus on the topic of innovation in tourism. This article reviews the research contributions. Various categories of innovation – product, process, managerial, marketing and institutional – are addressed. Important determinants of innovation are acknowledged, including the role of entrepreneurship, technology push and the existence of territorial industry clusters. Representation of knowledge is also identified as a critical factor for both the occurrence and nature of innovations. The review reveals that there is still only limited systematic and comparable empirical evidence of the level of innovative activities and their impacts and wider implications for destinations and national economies. An agenda for future research is emerging, suggesting that there is quest for both formal quantification and for qualitative studies of the foundations, processes, implications and policies of innovation in tourism. Ó 2009 Elsevier Ltd....
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