...perfect for resourceful materials handling. The web of rivers cutting their way throughout this country comprises the United States Inland Waterway System. There are over 12,000 navigable miles carrying almost 625 million tons of commodities annually on the rivers (C. James Kruse). An in depth look in one of the oldest methods of transportation describes the design, creation, implementation, and maintenance of locks and dams as conducted by the US Army Corps of Engineers. A closer look will also be taken at the history of the US ACE. A brief explanation of what is the inland waterway helps to understand the significance the US Army Corps of Engineers has played in shaping the capacity of waterborne transportation. The United States has used rivers for materials handling dating back hundreds of years. As time went on, the potential for using rivers became more and more apparent. Locks and dams had to be constructed to fully utilize the waterways. The rivers were already in place but for barges to travel up and down the rivers the implementation of locks and dams alleviated the problems arising from drops in river elevation or shallow areas. For instance, a river’s elevation may drop 400 feet over the course of 600 miles; this unsafe drop causes rapids and small waterfall systems detrimental to tow barges traversing the rivers (Inland Waterways | 2009 Report Card for America's Infrastructure). To relieve these problems, to date, almost 200 lock and dam sites have been constructed...
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...OKLAHOMA’S WATERWAY AFFECT ON THE STATE’S ECONOMY There are many reasons why Oklahoma’s waterways are important to the state’s economy. Could it be the cheap gas mileage in addition to a very good place to fish out of all of Oklahoma? It has been proven water transportation is faster compared to land transportation. Oklahoma’s Waterway is also important due to it leveling and controlling the channel depths. The locks and the dams help level the channels which in turn save a lot of buildings causing an effect to the economy. Most important is how Oklahoma’s waterway came to be or the history. Towboats spend less gas than other transportations. For example, a gallon of fuel in a towboat has an estimated mileage of 576 miles. Yet, an estimated gallon of gas in a railroad train would be 413 miles. The estimated mileage of a gallon of gas in a semi is 155 miles. The reason why the barges and towboats have more mileage on a gallon is because of the bigger tank lasts a longer time....
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...When considering the proper authority to construct the Tenn-Tom waterway, a thorough examination of the principal of subsidiarity is required. The principle of subsidiarity essentially requires that the government be “closer to the people”, specifically to the citizens for which that particular branch is accountable (Drew & Grant, 2017, p. 522). The rationale behind the principle is simple, decentralization to the lowest level unless there is compelling evidence that a higher branch of government would serve the people better. As Mikesell (2014) explains, subsidiarity provides for the most efficiency and quality in providing services as subnational systems have a greater understanding of their population and its needs. When applying this...
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...Executive Summary It has been said that Indiana’s water quality is at the poorest it has ever been and reasoning behind this is simple, technology. Indiana’s waterways are being polluted like never before due to do a variety of different things such as advanced fertilizers and pesticides for crops, dumping of industrial chemicals, vehicle and boat pollution, along with livestock waste spewing into the waterways. Without action this small and sometimes unnoticed problem could grow out of hand by the time a plan is put into action to stop and prevent the pollution. In Indiana there are 92 counties and, without a doubt, there are multiple waterways that are being polluted but specifically there is one in White County. Monticello, Indiana is...
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...Mouth elevation 0 m (0 ft) Avg. discharge 1,750 m3/s (62,000 cu ft/s) at mouth Shatt al-Arab (Arabic: شط العرب, "Stream of the Arabs"; Persian: اَروَندرود, Arvand Rud, "Swift River"), is a river in Southwest Asia of some 200 km (120 mi) in length, formed by the confluence of the Euphrates and the Tigris in the town of al-Qurnah in the Basra Governorate of southern Iraq. The southern end of the river constitutes the border between Iraq and Iran down to the mouth of the river as it discharges into the Persian Gulf. It varies in width from about 232 metres (761 ft) at Basra to 800 metres (2,600 ft) at its mouth. It is thought that the waterway formed relatively recently in geologic time, with the Tigris and Euphrates originally emptying into the Persian Gulf via a channel further to the west. The Karun river, a tributary which joins the waterway from the Iranian side, deposits large amounts of silt into the river; this necessitates continuous dredging to keep it navigable.[1] The area is judged to hold the largest date palm forest in the world. In the mid-1970s, the region included 17 to 18 million date palms, an estimated one-fifth of the world's 90 million palm trees. But by 2002, war, salt, and pests had wiped out more than 14 million of the palms, including around 9 million in Iraq and 5 million in Iran. Many of the remaining 3 to 4 million trees are in poor condition.[2] In Middle Persian literature and the Shahnama (written between c. 977 and 1010 AD), the name اروند...
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...Texas released 16.5 million pounds of toxic chemicals into waterways and produced 34 million toxicity weighted pounds in 2012 alone, and these levels have been rising ever since. By releasing this many toxins into waterways, Texas is putting its environment and residents at extreme risk. The Texas environmental regulations have not done their part in limiting pollution of waterways. If this continued cycle of pollution does not come to an end Texas’s waterways are at risk and will cause a variety of health and environmental issues. To reduce the amount of toxins released into waterways, the state of Texas could guarantee reports informing the public of the amount of toxins produced, then set a certain limit to reduce toxin...
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...tumors, within seven months. The only thing that links these people together is the drinking water. Cameron is a small town, and this is just one example. Missourians pay the price whether it is their health or extra expenses because of water treatment. The pie-graph below (Image 1), for example shows how much of the population near the Missouri River rely on the river for drinking water. Image 1. (Missouri Department of Natural Resources, 2007) Why is water pollution a big issue in Missouri? Congress decided to change the number of waterways protected in Missouri in 2001. The president of Missouri Conservation Federation, Glenn Chambers stated “Just less than 70 percent of Missouri streams are at risk of losing Clean Water Act protection. And about 700 thousand acres, just under 700 thousand acres of wetlands, may already have lost protection," (Mcgowin, 2009). Now the conservation department fears that the unprotected waterways are going to be transformed into dumping grounds. The pollution of water does not only affect Missouri’s...
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...I’ve got to say I’m interested in the opportunity you’re describing because of the money and the equity position. For those reasons alone, it’s tough to pass by. Let me think about it some more and call you in the morning. Thanks, Les.” That was the extent of the conversation Cyrus Maher, CEO of Waterway Industries, overheard when he came around the corner just outside of Lee Carter’s office. She must have been talking with Les Finch, Maher thought. Here’s trouble. Of course, it didn’t necessarily mean any- thing, Maher told himself as he passed the of- fice, waving to Carter. Finch, a well-connected marketing consultant, had been the match- maker between Carter and Waterway Indus- tries to begin with. With the company in the fourth quarter of its best year ever, he certainly wouldn’t be encouraging her to leave. Would he? Maher got a cup of coffee in the company’s first floor kitchenette and deliberately took the long way back to his office, through the design room. As always, the atmosphere was upbeat, but these days he also thought he could detect a sense of purpose that had never before been a part of Waterway’s organization. Founded in 1963 in Lake Placid, New York, Waterway had started out as a small, high- quality canoe maker. Over the years, it had built a good reputation all through the North- east and had acquired a base of customers in the Pacific Northwest as well. By 1982, Water- way was comfortably ensconced in the canoe market nationwide, and it had maintained...
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...Waterway Cleanup and Restoration Program is a collaborative effort among many local waterway groups to improve the conditions of Davidson County creeks, streams, and rivers. The program focuses on assessing, cleaning up, and restoring Davidson County waterways to pre-flood conditions or better. Since the flood of 2010, volunteers have helped remove more than 294 tons of debris from local streams and creeks. However, the waterways still need to be cleaned by volunteers, a tons of trash are near there because of unconscious people that throw it under bridges and finish to settle across all the...
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...Company: Waterway Industries is the company and it was founded in 1963 in Lake Placid, New York. It started as a small in high quality canoe maker. By the end of 1992 Waterway had begun selling its own line of inexpensive, high-impact plastic kayaks. Cyrus Maher is the CEO of Water Industries. Key Issues: Waterway Industries never had a formal, structure marketing department; he figured it was time so that’s why he hired Lee Carter. The phone call with Les Finch, a well-connected marketing consultant, Maher was worried that Carter would leave Waterway Industries he didn’t know how to convince Carter to stay by like a raise or redesigning her compensation package. Another issue was Maher doesn’t trust himself he doesn’t know what he wants to do with the company either growing it or leaving it because he needed to seek advice from colleagues. Facts: Lee Carter is a good marketing/sales employee. Maher was impressed with her performance and her dedication to the company. Low turnover rates employees loved their job because there was hardly any complaining, work was always complete on time, and they were outspoken with new ideas and suggestions for improving their designs. Support Data: Lee Carter from day one was focused. She would go out of her way to get paperwork or any work done. Carter brought in more orders than Maher had thought possible and she was successful in opening new sales and responsible for 40% of sales in the past 2 yrs. Solutions What Waterway needs...
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...Human Pollution of Waterways Jane D. Doe Western Governors University Human Pollution of Waterways As one walks along a warm, sandy beach collecting pretty seashells and enjoying the gentle crashing waves washing over their feet, they seldom consider where the water has been or what has been in the water. What one sees is a peaceful and magnificent ocean with mesmerizing waves that are touched by the blue sky for as far as the eye can see. If one were to look more closely at the sandy beach one might see more than just the seashells or occasional strands of sea weed. They might be shocked to discover plastic trash bags, soda bottles, or cigarette butts casually tossed away. If one were to test the water they would likely find the presence of pesticides, oil, or gas. It certainly isn’t the calm, beautiful image imagined when thinking of a beach vacation. Yet there is a growing presence of these pollutants in the Earth’s waterways that can’t be ignored. Many of the causes of these pollutants in Earth’s waterways are man made such as land, water, and air pollution. The most tangible causes of pollution in waterways are from pesticides and fertilizers, household cleaning products and human litter. In order to understand how the pesticide or fertilizer from your neighbor’s lawn, and household cleaning products from someone’s home, or that plastic shopping bag come to be in the waterways, you have to look at how interconnected our Earth is. Think back to a time...
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...What kills more living things than tobacco and alcohol combined each year and is growing exponentially? The answer is water pollutants. Each year we lose a valuable waterway that suffocates all living things within it and the economy which surrounds it. Florida's Treasure Coast is a prime example of this growing problem. Not only are its wildlife and economy affected, but the people coming in contact with the water are getting sick as well. If no action is taken now, their future will be as dark and rotten as the water that was once enjoyed but now desolate. The combination of rain run-off and substantial water discharges from Lake Okeechobee are creating a toxic wasteland for the Indian River lagoon, St. Lucie River and Estuary. This includes inadequately treated sewage, manure, fertilizer and other harmful pollutants. An upwards of 1.2 billion gallons of water per day is being discharged from the lake into the above mentioned surrounding waterways, leading to high bacterial levels and toxic algae blooms. Not only does this force people out of the water due to health risks, but it's also killing the entire ecosystem. Dengue fever and other diseases have risen dramatically and have claimed lives, human and animal, in its path. Deaths in species such as manatees, dolphins, and pelicans have reached a record high in the 150 mile long estuary that runs along Florida's east coast. To top it off, with the area being nearly 100% marine related, economic death is occurring in a wide...
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...List of Incoterms (international commercial terms) - CFR – Cost and Freight - the exporter must deliver the goods at the port of destination selected by the importer. Transport expenses are thus the responsibility of the exporter. The importer bears the expenses of insurance and unloading of the goods. Utilization of this term obliges the exporter to offload the goods for export, and to use only sea and inland waterway transportation. - CIF – Cost, Insurance and Freight – modality equivalent to CFR, except that the insurance costs are born by the exporter. The exporter must deliver the goods aboard ship, at the port of embarkation, with freight and insurance paid. The responsibility of the exporter ceases when the product is offloaded from the ship at the port of destination. This modality may only be used for sea and inland waterway transportation. - CIP – Carriage and Insurance Paid to... – adopts a principle similar to CPT. The exporter, aside from bearing expenses for shipment of the goods and freight to the destination, must also bear expenses of insurance for transport of the goods to the destination indicated. CIP may be used for any mode of transportation, including multimodal. - CPT – Carriage Paid to... – similarly to CFR, this condition stipulates that the exporter must pay expenses relating to the shipment of the goods and international freight to the designated destination. Thus, the risk of loss or damage to the goods, and any increase in costs, are transferred...
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...Abstract Pollution of waterways from land use and urbanisation has been identified as one of the key pressures on estuaries and their associated biodiversity. The accumulation of heavy metals and bioavailable pollutants in sediments jeopardises the health of the waterways and associated biodiversity and aquaculture. Sydney Harbor is one of the most polluted in the world due to the intense urbanisation around its tributaries and historical pollution that gets reintroduced with anthropogenic activities like dredging- with our findings showing highest proportions of sediment along the river being of adequate size to form aggregates with pollutants. The dynamic nature of estuaries is also in jeopardy due to global warming caused rises in mean water levels, flooding areas and reducing viable habitat- supported by lower levels of copepods and other macroinvertebrates and zooplankton, and shifts in mangrove populations. Estuaries are a significant coastal feature in that they represent the interface between freshwater rivers and the saline ocean (Statham, 2012). The mixing of the two due to differing densities creates a unique environment in which to support many organisms, some of which are dependent upon the unique tide dictated salinity regimes of the area. These interfaces are areas of high production, as inland nutrients are washed down in the river and mix with nutrient laden sea water, creating a virile and protected section of water which provides habitat...
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...Did you know that before the Gowanus Canal was a man-made canal, it was a salt marsh? Not only that but none of the achievements would have been accomplished without the help of the Nile. There is always a connection between geography and how society lives. The Gowanus is a waterway located in South Brooklyn. It’s the prime attraction near the neighborhoods of Park Slope and Carroll Gardens. The Nile River is shared by eleven countries but is the primary water source for Egypt and Sudan. Although they bear some superficial similarities , the differences between the Nile and the Gowanus are clear. The Gowanus Canal and the Nile River were an important food source for the people that lived near. Before the Gowanus was a canal it was creek...
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