...ACCOUNTABILITY OF NURSING PROFESSIONALS: WEANING Accountability of Nursing Professionals: Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation Samantha Madrid Grand Canyon University Abstract This paper will discuss the weaning of patients off of a mechanical ventilator. It will look at the problems associated with prolonged intubation vs. premature extubation, and what healthcare professionals can do to assess a patients readiness to begin the weaning process. A patient care scenario will be given and an explanation of how nursing practice can evolve with the knowledge from this study will be shown. The accountability of the nursing professional in regards to mechanical ventilation will be visited as well. Accountability of Nursing Professionals: Weaning from Mechanical Ventilation “Mechanical ventilation refers to the use of life-support technology to perform the work of breathing for patients who are unable to do so on their own.” This is the definition of mechanical ventilation according to Cook, Meade, and Guyatt (2000). They performed a study to determine the optimal time to wean a patient off of mechanical ventilation. When weaning a patient you have to find the right time to extubate. Prolonged mechanical ventilation can lead to nosocomial pneumonia, cardiac associated morbidity, and possible death. However, extubating a patient too soon may result in having to reintubate which can result in the same illnesses as prolonged intubation. “Research to date suggests that the best answer...
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...food to babies changed from four months to six months. Many parents continue to introduce solid food earlier than six months despite being aware of the recommendations. Delivering key messages about weaning has always been a part of the health visitors role. However, no formal, evidence based weaning intervention is currently being promoted to health visitors and advice continues to be communicated at the discretion of individual practitioners. Very little research exists on this topic, much emphasis has been placed on encouraging breast feeding as the main focus infant nutrition literature. Yet childhood obesity is on the rise and establishing healthy eating habits as a baby could pave the way for healthy eating habits later in life. This paper looks at the ways professionals communicate general messages about weaning and attempts to provide some clarity and guidance for health visitors about a humanistic intervention to educate parents about the benefits of waiting till six months, rather than using ‘scare tactics’ as to what could happen if they wean earlier. It is hoped that not only will this paper provide guidance about best practice, it will also highlight the importance of the subject and the pressing need for urgent research on the specific topic of delivering weaning advice. Table of Contents Page Abstract 1 Table of Contents 2 Section 1 : Introduction Aim 3 Objectives...
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...Sheep Management Plan for Roseworthy Lamb Enterprise Created 2010 Source: Orrie Cowie Merio and Poll Merino Stud (2010) Project goals: * Mate Merino ewes with Poll Dorset rams to produce 900 --24kg export lamb carcass * Maximise profit on wool and lamb export carcass * Aim to produce at least 900 Merino x Poll Dorset lambs for export Key performance Indicators from Roseworthy feed demand calculator (2010) * Liveweight produced , sheep =140 tonnes * Liveweight produced per hectare allocated to sheep =281 kg/ hectare/ year * Pasture demand as % of pasture growth =55% * Pasture deficit, using freshly grown supply= 1000 tonnes / year * Pasture deficit, using supply with carryover = 353 tonnes / year Scope of Plan * Part 1: Manage pasture growth at Roseworthy * Part 2 : Manage reproduction of Merino ewes with Poll Dorset rams * Part 3: Lamb finishing strategy * Part 4: Manage wool quality of Merino ewes Abbreviations Merino ewe: ME Poll Doset ram:PDR Merino X Poll Dorset lamb: MxPDL Prediction calculations : * 900 Merino ewe (each around 50-60kg; average 55 kg liveweight)=55x900=49500 kg * 900 Poll Dorset ram (each around 60-70kg; average 65kg liveweight )=65x900=58500 kg * Predicted at least 900 lambs produced , each will be slaughtered at 21 weeks of age at 50kg= 900x50= 45000kg * Hectare of land needed per year : = 545 hectare of land /year Part 1. Management of pasture growth at Roseworthy Pasture management is important...
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...This allowed them to adapt to the long-term geologic changes that the archipelago endured over time. Thus, they have been on the Hawaiian Islands long before humans have. Being the main inhabitants of the island, monk seals needed their habitat to be shallow water reefs that was made primarily for pupping, weaning, and foraging; areas of sandy beach for hauling out; and deep reef areas for foraging (Watson et al, 2011). However, in the inhabited Main Hawaiian Islands (MHI), monk seals would nearly always coincide with human populations and infrastructure. Thus, making it difficult for them to be independently confined in their own space. Although Hawaiian monk seals are alpha predators in coral reef environments, they are highly sensitive and vulnerable when it comes to human interactions. This is because they are slow-reproductive, long-lived species where their small population makes them susceptible to extinction (Watson et al...
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...Nutrition: A Handbook for Community Nurses JUDY BUTTRISS SARA STANNER AMANDA WYNNE WHURR PUBLISHERS Nutrition A Handbook for Community Nurses This page intentionally left blank Nutrition A Handbook for Community Nurses JUDY BUTTRISS PhD, SRD, RPHNutr Science Director, British Nutrition Foundation AMANDA WYNNE BSc, MSc, PGDipDiet, SRD and SARA STANNER BSc(Hons), MSc, RPHNutr Nutrition Scientist British Nutrition Foundation SERIES EDITOR MARILYN EDWARDS BSC(Hons), SRN, FETC Specialist Practitioner, General Practice Nursing, Bilbrook Medical Centre, Staffordshire W WHURR PUBLISHERS LONDON AND PHILADELPHIA © 2001 Whurr Publishers Ltd First published 2001 by Whurr Publishers Ltd 19b Compton Terrace London N1 2UN England and 325 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia PA 19106 USA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of Whurr Publishers Limited. This publication is sold subject to the conditions that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior consent in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed upon any subsequent purchaser. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue...
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...Husbandry Guidelines For Chital or Spotted deer (Mammalia: Cervidae) Date of Preparation: Western Sydney Institute of TAFE, Richmond Course Name and Number: Captive animals, RVU30204 Lecturer: Graeme Phipps, JackiSalkeld, Brad Walker, Axis Axis Compiler: Holly Moran DISCLAIMER 2 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY RISKS Chital deer are a flighty animal and need plenty of room to run, feel safe and graze (or mimic) as they do in the wild. If chital deer to not have this room they will be very edgy and will cause problems for keepers. That will then create Occupational health and safety issues with regards to being in the enclosure with them. Give them plenty of room as they may kick but will most likely take off with the herd and become skittish. This is when a escape is most likely. Make sure all fencing is at correct height and that deer have a safe area to retreat too. When approaching deer do so in a quiet manner with no sudden moves but make sure they know you are coming. Daily cleaning must be done to clear fesses to unsure a clean enclosure and workplace. Cleaning routines should be carried out with gloves. Hands must also be washed when finished. A hazpac assessment should be carried out on any possible hazards. Keeper entrances must be at standing height. 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 2 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................... 7 TAXONOMY .................
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...Race and Your Community Robert Dillman ETH/125 March 8th, 2012 Sharon D. White, Ph.D. Race and Your Community There is very little racial diversity in my community. In my paper I will look at the demographics of not just the city itself, but the county in which I reside, as well as the businesses that are part of the community and the different races represented. I will explore my own personal experiences and that of a hate crime that has happened to this community. I will also include an interview with a community member involved in the community itself. I see our community as being one of a close nature. With little conflict between any certain ethnic groups, there seems to be great social cohesion within the residents of the community. The minorities that do reside here seem to blend into the community and feels little effects from racism or discrimination. My community is very small compared to many cities that surround us within a 250 mile radius. How secluded are we from the big city life? Our city only has a population of 31,894 (2010 US Census Bureau, Jan. 2012) and in the county has 39,265 (2010 US Census Bureau, Jan. 2012). I am including the Nez Perce County because it plays a big part of our community. Our community sees very little race ethnicity. Most of my community is made up of the same ethnicity as me, comprised of mostly Whites (90.1% of the population). Among the other races that inhabit the Nez Perce County are Native Americans (5.6%), Hispanic...
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...Personality Overview Paper Joyce Walker PSY/405 September 5, 2011 George Lawrence-Ell Personality Overview Paper Psychodynamic theories of personality have been identified as the work of Sigmund Freud. These theories emphasize the influence of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences on personality. Psychodynamic theories include Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory and Erik Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development. Freud believed the three main elements of personality were I'd, the ego and the superego. The id is the particle for all needs and urges, the superego is responsible for ideals and moral and the ego mmediates between the demands of the id, the superego, and reality. Erikson believed that personality elevated through a series of stages, with ccomplex conflicts arising at every stage. The perseverance in any stage depends upon overcoming these conflicts. According to Sigmund Freud, personality is pretty much established by the age of five. Early childhood experiences play a large role in the development of personality and continue to socialize behavior throughout their life. Freud's theory of psychosexual development is one of the best known, but also one of the most controversial. Freud believed that personality develops through a series of childhood stages. During these stages, the pleasure-seeking energies of the id become focused on certain erogenous areas. This psychosexual energy, also known as libido, is described as the force...
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...What is hypnosis? Aileen McCartney Hypnotherapy and Counselling Skills – Year One - Module One MAIDS1A 12 Word Count: 1984 Tutor: Karen Martin Hypnosis is a well known subject to most people, very often through the drama of the stage or television hypnotist. However, the hypnotic trance is a natural phenomenon that most people will have experienced personally, whether aware of it at the time or not. An example of this might be driving a car along a regular route and arriving at the destination with no memory of the journey, having performed the activity safely and reliably while in another sense being quite detached from the experience. This altered level of consciousness is the starting point for the hypnotic process through an induction which focuses on relaxation, inner experiences, feelings and imagery (Heap & Naish, 2012: 7). It is generally accepted that hypnosis is a different experience to that of being awake or being asleep but debate remains over its true nature within academic and scientific circles (Karle & Boys, 2010:14). This essay will discuss the nature of hypnosis, focusing on the psychological and physical aspects while touching on the role of relaxation. Hypnosis is a complex psychological phenomenon and one which is difficult to find an agreed definition for. Indeed the American Psychological Association definition of hypnosis in 2003 is almost 300 words long but centres around hypnosis being a procedure of suggestions where...
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...Southwestern Assemblies of God University School of Distance Education Methadone Treatment Programs are Effective in Stopping Heroin Use A Paper Presented to Professor Loyd Uglow, Ph.D In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Course THE 5113 Research Literature and Technology Sharon Pete November 28, 2012 THESIS STATEMENT: To investigate Methadone maintenance is found to be more effective in treating heroin addiction than 180 day detoxification. The objective is how methadone maintenance, a widely used but controversial method of weaning heroin addicts off the drug—with counseling has psychosocially enriched 180 day methadone assisted detoxification. OUTLINE I. INTRODUCTION A. History of Heroin B. History of withdrawals II. How Methadone is used to treat Heroin? III. Research Findings IV. CONCLUSION V. Work Cited Methadone Treatment Programs are Effective in Stopping Heroin Use Substitution treatment or maintenance pharmacotherapy programs using methadone are today the most sought after and effective form of treatment for opiate addiction and dependence. Because methadone is a long-acting opiate whose dosage can be stabilized, it is well suited for daily administration and has proven effective in the elimination of narcotic craving, a driving force behind continued heroin use. And, because it can be administered orally, methadone dramatically reduces heroin injecting frequency...
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...Genetically Modified Foods According to the World Health Organization, Genetically Modified Organisms(GMOs) are "organisms in which the genetic material (DNA) has been altered in such a way that does not occur naturally."1 This technology is also referred to as "genetic engineering", "biotechnology" or "recombinant DNA technology" and consists of randomly inserting genetic fragments of DNA from one organism to another, usually from a different species. For example, an artificial combination of genes that includes a gene to produce the pesticide Cry1Ab protein (commonly known as Bt toxin), originally found in Bacillus thuringiensis, is inserted in to the DNA of corn randomly. Both the location of the transferred gene sequence in the corn DNA and the consequences of the insertion differ with each insertion. The plant cells that have taken up the inserted gene are then grown in a lab using tissue culture and/or nutrient medium that allows them to develop into plants that are used to grow GM food crops.2 Natural breeding processes have been safely utilized for the past several thousand years. In contrast, "GE crop technology abrogates natural reproductive processes, selection occurs at the single cell level, the procedure is highly mutagenic and routinely breeches genera barriers, and the technique has only been used commercially for 10 years."3 Despite these differences, safety assessment of GM foods has been based on the idea of "substantial equivalence" such that "if a...
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...Abstract This paper discusses couples in midlife marriage that are transitioning to the empty nest. We identify the social aspects of the marriage relationship and the midlife issues most couples face. We look at those that grieve and those that rejoice, when their nest empties, as well as the characteristics of those prone to depression during this major life event. The biological, psychological and spiritual adjustments that take place are analyzed as well as the varied reactions that parents feel during this time of loss in their lives. Lastly, we discuss the role that the Christian counselor plays and celebrate with those couples who have newfound freedom and have reconnected as a result of their nest empting. Empty Nest: Catastrophe or Transition Midlife marriage is a comfortable and rewarding time to experience. Most couples have successfully matured and built a great life together. They have a lot to be thankful for and are proud of the family they’ve raised. One of the major adjustments that occur during this time is when the children they’ve raised reach maturity and leave home. This marks a new beginning for parents known as the empty nest. In the 70s, sociologists popularized the term ‘empty-nest syndrome” to identify parents, especially mothers who experienced depression and loss of purpose and identity when their children left the nest (Clay, 2003). Although women are mentioned as suffering the most when the nest empties...
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...Bio-fuels: a debatable topic A warm welcome to respected dignitaries and all the participants who are present here today, My name is Swaroop. I’m pursuing M.Sc (ag) extension. I remember that my grandfather used to quote “well done is better than well said” a statement given by Benjamin franklin. Biofuels are they as green as they claim to be? It is well said -yes this fuel has a component of BIO, but is biofuel well doing in meeting all its requirements? Hmm…a debatable topic. As context of my argument, I strongly argue that they are not eco-friendly-when completely relied upon. So what are Biofuels? A biofuel is a fuel that contains energy from geologically recent carbon fixation. These fuels are produced from living organisms. Examples of this carbon fixation occur in plants and microalgae. These fuels are made by a biomass conversion (biomass refers to recently living organisms, most often referring to plants or plant-derived materials). This biomass can be converted to convenient energy containing substances in three different ways: thermal, chemical and biochemical conversion. Biofuels have increased in popularity because of rising oil prices and the need for energy security. This biofuels are 1St and 2nd generation. 1st generation conatins ethanol, biodiesel, vegetable oil mostly. The second generation biofuels are mostly made from the lignocellulosic biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or waste. Taking a brisk turn towards my argument, There are various...
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...competitors like Blockbuster and Hollywood Video had not brainstormed with the idea that would allow customers to select and purchase movie rentals right from the privacy of their own home. No need to wait in line in a retail store anymore for a secondary movie pick because their primary selection was ‘sold-out’; Netflix posed its strategic move against all other competitors and thus came into existence. In 2011 the conditions that all the home entertainment companies must implement to meet or exceed current standards is now more than ever needed with a lagging economy of more than three years. At the same time, consumers are striving to save money, time, and gas as all three of these conditions effect the movie rental industry. This research paper will address a brief history of Netflix, the competitive industry in which they compete, potential breakdowns, and finally an offer of speculation for how to address forecasted future breakdowns in a way that will turn them into positive possibilities. Netflix The vision of Netflix is simplistic: “Our vision is to change the way people access and view the movies that they love.” (Netflix.com, Hastings Reed, 2011). With more than 15 million current members, Netflix is the world’s largest subscription service for the streaming of television and movie picks and sending movies in the mail. New entrants are always a threat to existing companies like Netflix in the industry; however, Netflix continues to innovate at a level which...
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...CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY Musuan, Bukidnon TERM PAPER (Animal Science) Submitted by: ACUÑA, Davie Myrrh G. GERMATA, Griz Jiv A. GUATNO, Philip Robert B. PASETES, Henrich TORREGOSA, Rechil G. Submitted to: Mr. Fernando Domagsang December 7, 2015 Introduction Animal science is the study of animals that live alongside humans. Around the world, humans rely on animals for food, fiber, labor and companionship. Animal scientist helps people understand the importance of these animals. One of the role of animal scientist and animal science is to study the proper way of taking care of the animals and meeting there nutritional needs. Meeting animal’s nutritional requirement is extremely important in maintaining acceptable performance of neonatal, growing, finishing and breeding animals. It is important for them to stay healthy. Keeping animals healthy can help stop diseases from infecting humans. At different times in your life, you may have slept in a cradle, a crib, a bunk bed or a cot. You may have lived in a townhouse, a cottage, a college dorm or an apartment. Where you live depended on where you were in your life. Just like people, animals live in different places depending on their stages of life. The design of animal facilities combined with appropriate animal housing and management are essential contributors to animal well-being, the quality of animal research and production, teaching or testing programs involving animals, and the health and safety of personnel. The...
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