... * Is cooperation or conflict the natural state? * Economic cooperation mitigates conflict * Globalization or Fragmentation? * France-Germany and the European Union * Free trade agreements and NAFTA * What is Globalization * Examples: * Increasing level interconnectedness * What it means for international relations * More interdependence * Cultural aspects, both positive and negative * Is globalization a new phenomena * Less and less dialogue more usual stuff happening * 50 million died as a result 1918 Spanish Flu and parallels to Ebola Virus * Fragmentation * EU- Lack of defining borders * Europe as example- integration into EU has diminished power of national governments * Regional identities have become stronger: example- Scotland and Wales * Not all peaceful- Yugoslavia * Globalization can lead to integration but also fragmentation...
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...Dillon Milliron 4-3-14 Period 6th WWI Essay World War I is known as the war to end all wars. This statement was obviously not accurate. There are many topics that caused WWI but the main causes are militarism, nationalism, the building of alliances and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The two alliances that fought against one another in this war were the Triple Entente which consisted of France, United Kingdom, Russia (whose place in the war would later be taken by the United States of America) and the Central Powers which consisted of Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary. WWI took place mainly in various parts of Europe. The Great War lasted for 4 years, from July 28, 1914 to November 11, 1918. Militarism, nationalism, and the forming of alliances are what escalated and kicked off World War I. Militarism is the belief that a country should build and maintain the strongest army. Every country in the world has the desire to possess the strongest and largest army, stronger and larger than all other countries. During the build up to WWI there was a mad scramble to build the strongest army amongst all of the countries that participated in the war. France, Germany, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Austria-Hungary, and the United States all wanted to prove that their army was superior to all others. There is no better way to prove that your military is the best then to put it into war against another military. Building a strong military was not cheap at all, “Counting...
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...World War II vs. World War I World War I and World War I are two of the deadliest and costly conflicts to occur in world history. With over 100 million casualties they combine to be two of the most devastating wars ever. They both are very similar and destroyed a good amount of land in Europe, while also involving the same allies on both side. Although they both have high casualties World War II is more important to Europe for many reasons. Some reasons are the holocaust, advancements in technology, and the results that occurred from the war. World War II was the deadliest war in history accounting for over 70 million casualties. About 6 million of those deaths were caused by the holocaust. The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators (Holocaust History). During the Holocaust, Hitler and the Nazis also targeted other groups because they believed they were inferior to the German race. Those groups included the Slavic people, Gypsies, and disabled. Other groups of people were killed because they believed something different or had different political views. Those groups were Communists, Socialists, and homosexuals. The Nazis spread concentration camps or death camps, across Eastern Europe and Germany. These camps ranged in size and were hidden from the public. Many tactics such as the Euthanasia Program, where at least 200,000 mentally or physically disabled...
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...Tim Lerner History 10 November 2012 Midterm Part Two 8) WWI-in reality The first world war was unlike any other war. The living conditions were terrible because they were living in trenches for months. They had to deal with the fear dying from being shot because of the skilled snipers, gases being thrown into trenches, which have never appeared in any other war, and the deaths from diseases. People were dying daily and were in fear of just peaking their heads out side of the trenches but there was also issues with living in the trenches. Soldiers had infestations of rats, lice and other new medical issues come from living in the trenches. First off the rats in the trenches feared because the ate the remains of the others soldiers who had passed. These rats carried many diseases and got into everything. The soldiers were contently trying to fight them off and get rid of them but they populated so quickly it was hard to keep up. Also these rats would get to be as large as house cats from time to time. Lice became another big issue because they spread quickly and caused illness like trench fever which starts of as pain through out the body then a fever. Due to living in trenches the area was always wet and moist. Many soldiers got trench foot, which is a fungal infection, that was caused by their feet consistenly moist and in unsanatary areas. Living in these conditions and being cooped up in these trenches for weeks would make anyone crazy. The trenches were always crowed...
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...discusses how if we want to understand the world today, we have to be looking into the past of international relations and into the past wars to see how it has led to the world that we live in today. Also how it came to a world war. World War One, was a large and devastating war, which was the first war in over one hundred years to contain more than one or two major powers. Hobsbawn states that the world believed that this war was going to be the end of the world and humanity. But the world and the people survived, although the cost was great. This time was named the age of wars. He begins the chapter by describing the horrors of trench warfare and the causalities lost on both sides, The Central Powers and The Allies. Also the lasting effects that war that it can bring to the survivors. There were no peace times after the year 1914. The men and women of the time only knew peace before 1914, due to the scale of the horrors in this war. There where wars before WWI, but none to the scale, like the Crimean War 1854-56, between Russia fighting on one side and Britain and France fighting on the other side. The Crimean War only involved a few major European powers of the world. This was one of the wars which contained the most major powers until WWI when all major powers and states where involved. The twentieth century, was a century that was initiated and also defined by wars and the deaths of millions of soldiers and citizens all over the world. Hobsbawn discusses the turning point in...
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...appeared: delayed development when compared to Western Europe. Once the Middle Ages had passed, there was in uptick in modernization by the western part of Europe and Central Europe lagged behind. (pg. 4) This became a defining distinction of the region and the...
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...DBQ: Causes of WWII The road to appeasement, and thus to armed conflict, began in 1932 when the National Socialist party took control of the German government through a congressional election that gave Hitler authoritarian power. Tyranny must be fought when it first occurs as it is a virus that can spread if it is not eliminated. As Winston Churchill said, “I have always held the view that keeping peace depends on holding back the aggressor.” Unfortunately, Churchill’s predecessor believed in appeasement and diplomatic means when dealing with Germany, choosing not to believe that Germany had “made up its mind to dominate the world by fear” already. Unfortunately, by the time Great Britain, France, and Italy, had no choice but to knowledge this, plunging into WWII was their only chance of stopping Germany and Adolf Hitler’s reign of terror. There were many instances where one would hope that the international community would step in. The League of Nations was created by the Treaty of Versailles. However this organization did not react to earlier similar aggressions. For example,Italy attacked Ethiopia in 1935. Haile Selassie was the emperor of Ethiopia at the time. He approached the League of Nations and asked them to defend them with military sanctions. They did nothing. Selassie’s response was that “God and history will remember your...
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...region that arose, in part, due to the decline of the Ottoman regime in Europe. This culminated in the 1908 annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary and the Balkan Wars preceding World War I. While not directly causing WWI, these events laid the foundations for disputes amongst the Great Powers as well as solidifying the existing Bismarckian alliance system. Furthermore, the competing nationalistic interests manifested themselves in the Balkan Wars which were largely a war for control of Macedonia, under the guise of liberation from Ottoman rule. The role of nationalism was not the traditionally espoused Serbian aggression, but political elites in all European states using nationalism as a vehicle to manipulate their populations. The Balkan Wars deserve study because they show the burgeoning role of nationalism in European politics and set the precedent for events that unfolded later in the twentieth century. Historians often attribute nationalism as one of the major causative factors WWI. This statement cannot be blindly accepted because although nationalism is clearly one of the dominant trends of the twentieth century, it was still in its infancy before WWI. The decision to go to war is decided by rulers, not at least initially by the populace. Therefore, nationalism is worthy of definition, especially with respect to a region as complex as the Balkans, where these issues are still a problem today. Although a myriad of definitions of nationalism could be given, a...
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...of all the influence of the Military/War. The power the military and war played in Canada being the best place to live was evident during the Vimy Ridge battle in WWI, D-Day in WWII and during the Suez Crisis of 1956 during the post war years. Because of the success Canadians achieved during these encounters, Canada was seen as the best place to live. Vimy Ridge is an example of a battle were Canadians began to form an identity separate from that of France or Britain, liberating the country, which made it a great place to live. Before the Vimy Ridge battle, Canadians were fresh faced and rightfully under-estimated. Conversely, as soon as the battle commenced, Canadians earned a reputation for aggressive attack. The Germans were shocked at the aggression the Canadians were showing but were quick to realize that when a large number of Canadian troops all arrived at the same place, a battle would soon take place. This battle was arguably the first time in history that Canadians were seen as a threat. Leadership was also effectively portrayed during this battle due to the fact that it was the first total Canadian victory with Canadian troops fighting together under Canadian leadership. This was a crucial step in the growth of Canadian pride and nationalism. The Vimy Ridge battle was also a major and decisive victory in WWI, because neither the French nor Britain could capture the ridge and hold it. For the reason that Canada was the one to capture the ridge, it helped Canada grow a...
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...Aircraft Performance: Post-War Aviation Industry I. Summary Any advancement in aviation was crawling before the United States thought of engaging in World War II. The Wright brothers first attempted powered flight in 1903, which didn’t spark a large interest in the public for commercial aviation. Commercial aviation really started to come around during the engagement of WWI, because the government and military saw a use for airplanes in order to complete the complicated and demanding mission in support of the war efforts. As WWI came to a close, the commercial aviation industry nearly bankrupt itself due to a surplus of airplanes produced during the war. With America’s involvement in WWII, the commercial aviation industry would change when...
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...Following WWI, the United States entered in to what became known as the “Roaring Twenties”—a decade of unprecedented economic prosperity. However, the 1920s were rife with problems in an ever-changing and diverse nation: the corrupt presidency of Warren G. Harding, the female liberation movement, prohibition, culture wars that spawned the Scopes Trial, immigration restriction, labor disputes, and equal rights and civil liberties topics that were revisited for the first time since the post-Civil War Reconstruction years. By 1929, the United States was a very different place—economically and socially. “The nation asks for action and action is now” (Foner). When Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) assumed the presidency on March 4, 1933, America’s banking...
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...World War III Name: Date: Class: Subject: Part 1: Introduction and Summary The article by Roger Cohen is a conversation between a naïve daughter and a loving mother who is trying to explain a complex global phenomenon. It is a chilling comparison of the circumstances that led to the World War 1 and the position that the world is finding itself in 2015. The position in this case is that active military and political groupings on a tiny diplomatic issue historically has led to full scale wars that have led to millions dead. Cohen uses a dummy approach to explain to a reader who has not read into the history of the wars and the American factor in the situation. In a short dialogue he touches on all factors that lead to geopolitical confrontations and patterns of international relations that create a global conflict. This article is important because it touches on the delicate matter of war, survival of empires and the peace thereafter. This section gives a summary of the article. According to this dialogue, the genesis of the past world wars comes about when an empire is threatened because of long standing quarrels, tensions and dissatisfactions among people. Small triggers could lead to bigger than necessary reactions and thus, political and military actions. Subsequently, allies and foes join sides and thus create an international relations vacuum which means that war is inevitable. Cohen compares the Austro-Hungarian...
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...Western Governors University GKT1 Applications in US and World History Tammy Railsback Four Themes to be Addressed • Geography and the Development/Diffusion of Human Societies-Cumberland Gap • Individuals and Institutions as Mechanisms of Social/Governmental Change-Clara Barton • Historical Systems of Power, Governance and Authority-The Nazi Party • Science and Technology as the Engine of Economic Growth and Development-Gunpowder Geography and the Development of Human Societies The United States: Cumberland Gap Cumberland Gap is an excellent example of geography and diffusion of human society as until its discovery in 1750 the Appalachian Mountains blocked the way of further settlement into the West. History of Cumberland Gap • Natural passage through the Cumberland Mtns. • Formed by erosion from a stream that once flowed through it. • The path used by animals and Native Americans. • First discovered and explored by Dr. Thomas Walker in 1750 (Columbia Encyclopedia, 2013). Road to the West • In 1775 Daniel Boone and party of woodsman marked the Cumberland Gap as they traveled from Virginia to Kentucky. • Up until 1810 the Cumberland Gap was known as “the way West” and saw a steady stream of settlers pass through it. • Between the 18th and 19th centuries the Cumberland Gap was travelled by over 200,000 people migrating west. • The Cumberland Gap remained a major route for travel & trade during the 20th century (Mahaney, 2014). Individuals as Mechanisms...
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...World War I was caused by competitions for power and resources by the empires, and the conclusion of the war resulted in the destruction of the empires, particularly the Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary Empire. The dissolution of the Ottoman Empire allowed many Middle East countries to be self-governed, while the West such as Great Britain and France had more interest in Europe than in the Middle East enabled the former to play a dominant role of colonization in the region. This seeded confrontation between two different civilizations, resulting in chaos later and to a large extent helping shape the Middle East in today's world. This paper attempts to examine this history arguing how the Ottoman Empire declined and eventually dissolved at the end of WWI. It shows that the internal problems of the Empire, such as its backward political and economic system, failed to compete with the increasing influence of the Western European countries, whose government was more efficient and more industrialized than the former, in the Middle East. The paper starts with a discussion of the contemporary situation in the Empire, and then deals with the problems that led to the conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the European powers over the Middle East during WWI. It finally analyzes how the defeat of the Ottomans and the increasing British and French dominance in the Middle East laid the ground for today's conflicts in the region between the Arabic states and the Jewish nation, which...
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...Final Exam The First World War was one of the most important events in history. It bared witness to sheer carnage not seen before or after in history. From one shot of a Serbian assassin came forth one of the bloodiest conflicts in human history, and one of the most world-shattering. Although the First World War is mainly noted for its connections to World War Two, it has had more far-reaching effects than that war or any other war in shaping the 20th or 21th century. One of the most important causes of the First World War involved a complex system of alliances and secret treaties which crisscrossed the Major Powers of Europe, making a small conflict between Serbia and Austria-Hungary into a war involving all the major players in Europe. The alliances of that era were different from what we see today in this ideological age. For instance, France, debatably the most liberal out of all of the Major Powers, and Russia, the most reactionary, were close allies at this point. These two powers which were on very different ends of the political spectrum joined together in politics in a way that would be controversial today. When the war started, all of the Major Powers except for France were monarchists. While only Russia was still absolutist. The Ottoman Empire was destroyed in the First World War as well. Dynasties which were hundreds of years old and monarchies which had dominated European politics for centuries were destroyed in just four years. And in its place rose liberal...
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