...CASE A CSX ACQUISITION OF CONSOLIDATED RAIL CORPORATION CSX has put up a bid of $8.3 B in order to horizontally integrate with Conrail in order to increase the combined profitability based on perceived improvement in Synergies. A) Lower Cost Structure: Railroad is capital intensive industry with very high fixed cost. CSX-Conrail merger will lower company’s cost-structure by creating increasing economies of scale. Operating ratio of Conrail is 87.63% and CSX’s operating ratio is 81.99% (Exhibit 1). According to American Investment research report (Exhibit 10), proposed merger will bring operating ratio to 65 % (an 18.75% decrease). Both CSX and Conrail have low ROA (2.33% and 4.11%) compared to Norfolk’s ROA of 5.06 % (Table 6). If CSX and Conrail will achieve its projected revenue growth and cost-savings, CSX-Conrail will become more efficient than Norfolk. B) Gain Market Power : Based on revenue data from 1995 (Exhibit 1), CSK control 38.5%, Conrail controls 29.4% and Norfolk controls 32.1% of Northeast rail freight market. The proposed merger will allow CSX to control major share (~70 %) of the lucrative North Eastern rail market and enable them to take advantage of synergies in the space. In addition, CSX – Conrail can further improve on its market position by limiting Norfolk’s access to long-haul routes either from south or Midwest. MECHANICS OF THE CSX – CONRAIL DEAL CSX has offered a two-tiered offer for the stocks of Conrail. For the first 40% of the shares...
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...CASE STUDY: EMI GROUP, PLC {MOHD SHUKUR B AHMAD 201233899} {INTAN DAHLIA AHMAD KAMAL 2012385223} {ROZAINI B MD NAJIB 2012942051} {NURHIDAYAH BT MD SETAMAM 2009181699} DR SITI ZALEHA SAHAK MKT 750 BM7701PA Table of Contents CONTENTS | PAGE | 1. Problem Statement 2. Industry Overview 3. Company Background 4. Porter Value Chain of EMI a. Primary Activities of EMI b. Secondary Activities of EMI5. TOWS Analysis6. Price Analysis7. Alternatives8. Choosing the Best Alternative | 33567911151922 | | | 1. Problem Statement The Universal Music Group (UMG) announced a pricing initiative designed “to reinvigorate the record business in North America”. UMG’s pricing initiative included a suggested retail price reduction, retailer display space requirements, and abolishment of retailer cooperative allowances and discounts. Therefore, the issues are: • How should EMI respond to UMG’s initiative? • What will the pros and cons of the sales and profit for each alternatives course of action? 2. Industry Overview The worldwide recorded music industry posted sales of $32 billion in 2002. This figure represented a 7% decline in dollar sales and an 8% decrease in unit volume from 2001. The United States is the largest market for recorded music at 39.4% of worldwide sales, followed by Western Europe t 36% and remaining from Asia and Latin America. Most of the sales and unit volume from all continents dropped except Western Europe. The...
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...ing3/24/2014 A Marketing Case Study on Axis Communications A MARKETING CASE STUDY ON AXIS COMMUNICATIONS BY JOHN OLUGBENGA ADEGBOYE 08032004784 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………………………………….3 2. SITUATION ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………………………………………..4 3.1 External Analysis.....................................................................................................4 3.2 Internal Analysis......................................................................................................8 3.3 SWOT Analysis.........................................................................................................9 3. 3.1 The New Product...................................................................................................12 3.2 Marketing Objectives.............................................................................................12 4. MARKETING PLAN........................................................................................................14 4.1 Market Segmentation.............................................................................................14 4.2 Target Market.........................................................................................................17 4.3 Positioning and Differentiation..............................................................................17 4.4 Marketing Mix...................................................................................................
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...A MARKETING CASE STUDY ON AXIS COMMUNICATIONS BY JOHN OLUGBENGA ADEGBOYE 08032004784 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………………………………………………………….3 2. SITUATION ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………………………………………..4 3.1 External Analysis.....................................................................................................4 3.2 Internal Analysis......................................................................................................8 3.3 SWOT Analysis.........................................................................................................9 3. 3.1 The New Product...................................................................................................12 3.2 Marketing Objectives.............................................................................................12 4. MARKETING PLAN........................................................................................................14 4.1 Market Segmentation.............................................................................................14 4.2 Target Market.........................................................................................................17 4.3 Positioning and Differentiation..............................................................................17 4.4 Marketing Mix........................................
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...23INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT International Journal of Project Management 24 (2006) 587–594 www.elsevier.com/locate/ijproman Role of public private partnerships to manage risks in public sector projects in Hong Kong Li-Yin Shen a a,* , Andrew Platten b, X.P. Deng c Department of Building and Real Estate, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong b Elevate East Lancashire, Accrington, England, UK c School of Civil Engineering, South East University, PR China Abstract The clients of public sector works have an obligation to ensure that the large scale investment in public works is effective and can achieve improvement in social and economic performance. However, construction activity is usually subject to more risk than other business activities because of its complexity particularly in coordinating a wide range of disparate and interrelated skills and activities. This complexity is further compounded in implementing public sector projects where multiple project objectives are expected by a wide range of stakeholders who have different interests associated with the projects. With reference to current practice in Hong Kong, this paper examines the major risks in implementing public sector works, and the ways that the application of public private partnership (PPP) can help to manage risks in project delivery. The example of Hong Kong Disneyland (KDLD) demonstrates how various major risks in committing to a PPP project...
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...For exclusive use , 2015 9-201-067 REV: MAY 4, 2010 BENJAMIN ESTY MICHAEL KANE BP Amoco (B): Financing Development of the Caspian Oil Fields One of the many challenges facing the Finance Group after the BP/Amoco merger in 1998 was to evaluate and, if necessary, restructure the company’s global investment portfolio, including its 34% share of the Azerbaijani International Oil Consortium (AIOC). The 11-firm consortium was in the process of developing oil fields in the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea (Exhibit 1 identifies the AIOC members). As of March 1999, AIOC had completed the $1.9 billion Early Oil Project, which was producing 100,000 barrels of crude oil per day (bpd). The next three stages, known as the Full Field Development Project, were expected to cost an additional $8 to $10 billion and would bring total production to 800,000 bpd by 2005.1 Before the merger, BP and Amoco held the two largest interests in AIOC (17% each), yet they had chosen different strategies for funding their shares of the Early Oil Project. Whereas BP had used general corporate funds, Amoco was one of five AIOC partners that had raised $400 million of project finance with assistance from two multilateral agencies. Now, as a merged entity, the Finance Group had to reassess the firm’s financial strategy for the Early Oil Project and determine the best way to finance the Full Field Development Project. While it was possible to continue with a dual financing strategy,...
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...CULTURE SPECIFIC AND CROSSCULTURALLY GENERALIZABLE IMPLICIT LEADERSHIP THEORIES: ARE ATTRIBUTES OF CHARISMATIC/TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP UNIVERSALLY ENDORSED?1 This study focuses on culturally endorsed implicit theories of leadership (CLTs). Although crosscultural research emphasizes that different cultural groups likely have different conceptions of what leadership should entail, a controversial position is argued here: namely that attributes associated with charismatic/transformational leadership will be universally endorsed as contributing to outstanding leadership. This hypothesis was tested in 62 cultures as part of the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) Research Program. Universally endorsed leader attributes, as well as attributes that are universally seen as impediments to outstanding leadership and culturally contingent attributes are presented here. The results support the hypothesis that specific aspects of charismatic/transformational leadership are strongly and universally endorsed across cultures. Deanne N. Den Hartog Vrije Universiteit-Amsterdam Representing the Netherlands Robert J. House University of Pennsylvania Principal Investigator Paul J. Hanges University of Maryland Principal Investigator S. Antonio Ruiz-Quintanilla Cornell University GLOBE Coordinating Team Direct all correspondence to: Deanne N. Den Hartog, Free University, Work and Organizational Psychology, v.d. Boechorst straat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands;...
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...bru6171X_case02_023-038.qxd 11/24/12 2:24 PM Page 23 CASE 2 Bill Miller and Value Trust Bill Miller’s success is so far off the charts that you have to ask whether it is superhuman. Quite simply, fund managers are not supposed to be this good. Is it mortal genius, or is it celestial luck?1 By the middle of 2005, Value Trust, an $11.2-billion mutual fund2 managed by William H. (Bill) Miller III, had outperformed its benchmark index, the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index (S&P 500), for an astonishing 14 years in a row. This record marked the longest streak of success for any manager in the mutual-fund industry; the next longest period of sustained performance was only half as long. For many fund managers, simply beating the S&P 500 in any single year would have been an accomplishment, yet Miller had achieved consistently better results during both the bull markets of the late 1990s and the bear markets of the early 2000s. Over the previous 15 years, investors in Value Trust, one of a family of funds managed by the Baltimore, Maryland–based Legg Mason, Inc., could look back on the fund’s remarkable returns: an average annual total return of 14.6%, which surpassed the S&P 500 by 3.67% per year. An investment of $10,000 in Value Trust at its inception, in April 1982, would have grown to more than $330,000 by March 2005. Unlike the fund’s benchmark, which was a capitalization-weighted index composed of 500 widely held common stocks, Value Trust only had...
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...organizations have also identified that undeveloped banking system causes some obstacles to the process of economic development. So they have highly recommended for reforming financial sector. Since 1990, Bangladesh government has taken a lot of financial sector reform measures for making financial sector as well as banking sector more sound and transparent, and formulation and implementations of these reform activities have also been participated by different international organization like World Bank, IMF, ADB etc. Bank marketing is one of the booming parts in world economy. Without Bank marketing it is awfully sturdy for every bank to survive. In the modern World, bank marketing is a new criterion to us. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: Broad Objective The study will explore the applicability of marketing mix strategies for IFIC Bank Ltd. Specific Objectives: What are the product related strategies of IFIC Bank Limited? What are the price related strategies of IFIC Bank Limited? What are the criteria used by IFIC Bank for setting up a particular branch? What promotional strategies are used by the banks to attract consumers? What Process the bank uses to deliver its service to the customer? SERVICES MARKETING DEFINED “A...
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...rather than debt overhang. Moreover, in an attempt to mark out debt servicing history, the thesis found the selected countries are not paying (servicing) more than 95% of their accumulated debt. Key Words: External Debt, Debt overhang, Debt crowding out, debt servicing and Table of Contents CHAPTER ONE .....................................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background of the study............................................................................................................1 1.2 statement of the problem .........................................................................................................3 1.3 Objective of the study ...............................................................................................................3 1.4 Hypotheses of the...
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...information please contact epubs@scu.edu.au. Southern Cross University Doctor of Business Administration The contribution of business/management education, to small enterprise solvency Peter Ellis Submitted to Graduate College of Management Southern Cross University, in partial fulfilment of the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration. 2004 Copyright “The contribution of business/management education, to small enterprise solvency.” Copyright © 2004 by Dr Peter Ellis, who reserves all rights and asserts his right under the Copyright, Design and Patents Act 1988, to be identified as the author of this work. No part of this work may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of acknowledged brief quotations embodied in this work. i Statement of original authorship I certify that the substance of this thesis has not been submitted for any other degree to date, nor is it currently being submitted for any other degree. I also certify that I have acknowledged all sources used and...
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...THE PRINCETON REVIEW SNAP SAMPLE PAPER 1 INSTRUCTIONS – Please read these carefully before attempting the test This test is based on pattern of this years’ SNAP paper. 2. There are five sections. Section 1- General English (24 questions) Section 2- Quantitative Ability (30 questions) Section 3- Data Interpretation & Data Sufficiency (40 questions) Section 4-Analytical reasoning and Logical ability(40 Questions) Section 5-Business Awareness and GK(25 Questions) 3. The total time allotted is 2 hours exactly. Please note your start time and end time on the answer sheet. Do not take more than 2 hours, or you will get a wrong assessment. 4. Please fill all the details, as asked on top of the answer sheet. 5. Please try to maximize your attempt overall, but you need to do well in all sections. 6. There is 1 mark for every right answer and 0.25 negative mark for every wrong one. 7. There is no sectional time limit. 8. Since it is a time constrained test and you have 2 hours, and all questions carry equal marks, please do not get stuck on any question, move fast to try and do easier ones. 9. Please do all scratch work on paper only, no extra sheets to be used. Put all your answers on the answer sheet. E E N T IO A N IC U M M M E D IA & C O Relax. You are competing against yourself. S R S 1. SECTION 1 1. Women’s health status is basic to their advancement in...
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...1 Preliminary draft The First Global Emerging Markets Investor: Foreign & Colonial Investment Trust 1880-1913 David Chambers and Rui Esteves∗ September 2011 Abstract: The Foreign and Colonial Investment Trust (FCIT) is the oldest surviving closed end fund in the world today. Its early success was related to its identification of a missing market, namely, the provision of a wholesale diversified investment vehicle for the investing public. Whilst much research has been conducted on aggregate international capital flows in this period, little work has been undertaken on the prime investment institutions. This micro-study seeks to fill this gap by undertaking detailed quantitative analysis of the leading investment trust investing widely in emerging markets during the first era of financial globalisation before WWI. The history of this flagship investment trust over more than three decades up to 1913 provides an insight into the relative success of this institutional innovation as well as into the risk and returns of investing in global emerging markets over a century ago. ∗ David Chambers (d.chambers@jbs.cam.ac.uk) is at Judge Business School, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1AG, United Kingdom. Rui Esteves (rui.esteves@economics.ox.ac.uk) is at the Dept of Economics, Oxford University, Manor Rd Building, Oxford OX1 3UQ, United Kingdom. We thank Foreign and Colonial for access to their archives...
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...Governors State University OPUS Open Portal to University Scholarship Student Theses Spring 2011 Exploring the Effects of Text Messaging on the Spelling Skills of Ninth and 12th Grade Students James G. Muhammad Follow this and additional works at: http://opus.govst.edu/theses Part of the Communication Technology and New Media Commons Recommended Citation Muhammad, James G., "Exploring the Effects of Text Messaging on the Spelling Skills of Ninth and 12th Grade Students" (2011). Student Theses. Paper 32. For more information about the academic degree, extended learning, and certificate programs of Governors State University, go to http://www.govst.edu/Academics/Degree_Programs_and_Certifications/ This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by OPUS Open Portal to University Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Student Theses by an authorized administrator of OPUS Open Portal to University Scholarship. For more information, please contact opus@govst.edu. Exploring the Effects of Text Messaging on the Spelling Skills of Ninth and 12th Grade Students By James G. Muhammad B.S., Bowling Green State University, 1976 THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts, With a Major in Communication and Training Governors State University University Park, IL 60466 2011 ii Acknowledgements I am forever grateful to Dr. David Rhea for his counsel, guidance...
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...how the recommendation network grows over time and how effective it is from the viewpoint of the sender and receiver of the recommendations. While on average recommendations are not very effective at inducing purchases and do not spread very far, we present a model that successfully identifies communities, product and pricing categories for which viral marketing seems to be very effective. 1 Introduction With consumers showing increasing resistance to traditional forms of advertising such as TV or newspaper ads, marketers have turned to alternate strategies, including viral marketing. Viral marketing exploits existing social networks by encouraging customers to share product information with their friends. Previously, a few in depth studies have shown that social networks affect the adoption of individual innovations and products (for a review see [Rog95] or [SS98]). But until recently it has been difficult to measure how influential person-to-person recommendations actually are over a wide range of products. Moreover, Subramani and Rajagopalan [SR03] noted that “there needs to be a greater...
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