...Soccer Research Paper How Soccer started The history of soccer started long ago, and it’s big now. The Chinese and Japanese people played many different kinds of soccer in ancient times. In fact it really started the whole soccer Industry. 2000 years ago Chinese people kicked and move a ball with their feet to train soldiers. The Han Dynasty of football/soccer was called Tsu’ Chu and they kicked a ball made of leather with feathers inside through an opening. Another game that is almost like Tsu’ Chu is Kemari which is still played today. The Greeks and Romans also played many different forms of soccer in ancient times, that were fun. A game played by the Romans was Harpastum. In this game 27 men played on each side, and it was so rough and crazy that 2 thirds of the men had to be hospitalized after a game. Soccer/football was hard and you need to have technique and talent for it, so they used it to train soldiers. Football was believed to came from Harpastum. The game was brought to Britain from the Greeks and Romans. Another game played was Episkyros by the Greeks. Football was first called soccer by people in Britain. It started in Britain but now the Americans use the term soccer to distinguish it from football. The English rarely used the term soccer, preferring to call it football. Around this time in England, the term “soccer” was used as a British slang word. In the centuries that were passing, it revealed a lot of different games going back to the...
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...font to fit in the details). If you feel you don’t have enough information to include in your resume add other sports you play or list community service. The information on the resume must be factual, but this is the place where if your academics are not stellar and your soccer playing is, try to emphasize the great soccer player you are and make that jump off of the page. The academics will need to be on the resume too, but consider your strengths when you design your resume. Cover letters Every resume submitted to a college coach should be accompanied by a cover letter. The purpose of the cover letter is to introduce yourself to the coach in a more personalized fashion. Here is a good format for cover letters: Paragraph 1 – Introduce yourself and let the college coach know that you are interested in his/her program. It is always wise to mention that you have done research and be sure to include the name of the specific college in this paragraph. Paragraph 2 – Let the coach know that you have enclosed your resume that details your academic standing and soccer experience. Highlight your GPA and indicate what you would like to study in college if you know. Write about your H.S. soccer career and any titles or awards that you won. Paragraph 3 – Let the coach know how well you would fit into their program and why. Paragraph 4 – Discuss that you are researching financial aid (if you need to pursue if) let the coach know if you might also qualify for...
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...I will again use the soccer ball as an example. According to the second law, in order to determine how far the soccer ball will travel, this would depend upon the mass of the soccer ball and force at which the ball is kicked. The larger the object the more force is needed to make the object accelerate. Hatch,R (N.d.) The third law states “For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction”. An example of this would be if you drop a ball on the floor it causes a downward force on the floor and floor will react by causing the ball to go in the opposite direction. Hatch,R (N.d.) In 1689 Newton was elected to represent Cambridge in Parliament. Several years later he suffered another nervous breakdown. There were many proposed causes for his nervous breakdown, including chemical poisoning from his alchemy experiments, frustration from his research or possibly ending of personal friendships. Hatch, R...
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...Research Writing can be Fun Remember the last time your teacher asked you to write a research paper on a subject of your choosing? You probably groaned and grimaced, wiped your sweaty brow, and gasped. Relax. Take a deep breath. This paper will show you how writing for a research paper assignment can not only be done easily, but be fun! Fun you say? How? First, pick a topic that you know something about. Do you like looking for sea shells when vacationing on the beach with your family? Skateboarding at the local park? Playing video games with your friends? Baking with your mom? Making money shoveling snow for your neighbors? Playing soccer or hockey with your team? Reading books? Riding your bicycle? I think by now you get the idea – choose something that you already know a little something about and enjoy. The next steps is to research that topic. So let’s take the example of collecting sea shells on the beach when vacationing with your family. You can approach the research from several angles. You can research the specific types of shells that are located in a specific region. You can research the area where you found the shells. So let’s say that you found a conch shell on the beach in the Bahamas. You can start researching conch shells. The first step to research is one you already know about “Google”. Type Conch Shell in the google search engine and here are just three of the many choices: http://www.naturefoundationsxm.org/education/queen_conch/how_queen_conch_grows...
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...developing countries have been given the right host this international competition. For instance, South Africa hosted the 2010 World Cup and Brazil the 2014 World Cup. Notably, there has been intense competition between nations to host World Cup. Many countries have vowed to invest billions of dollars in order to increase their chances of being elected to host such mega event. Why should countries compete to host this event? There could be numerous reasons why a number of countries are keen on hosting World Cup, but the most compelling is the promise of an economic and social windfall. Soccer is one of the sports which people tend to identify themselves with. It has gained popularity owing to its impacts on the players, followers, states and other stakeholders. Currently, the game is estimated to have the highest number of followers than any other sport. Due to its vast effects, Soccer World Cups have gained popularity in the past two decades. For the previously held World Cups, great focus has been on social and economic effects. There numerous articles that have been written about the positive and negative effects of World Cups especially to the host countries. Before the 2010 World Cup in South Africa, it was estimated that it would improve the region’s economy by about 0.5 % per year (The Economist, 2010). South African’s economy was estimated to experience 3% annual growth hence the impact of World Cup was definitely a huge chunk. The economic impact of World Cup seems...
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...Cultural Analysis: Brazil Liberty University BUSI 604 Abstract This research paper analyzes the effect of Globalization on the country of Brazil, and how its economy compares to other South American countries and the world. This review will provide factual evidence of the integration of the Brazilian products internationally, and how its economy has evolved to compete in the international markets. A Comparative summary of evidence will be provided in this analysis between the business culture of Brazil, North American, Central America, the Caribbean, and other South American countries economic framework. The framework of the origins of Brazil, and to the progression of the nation into one of the top economies; will be discussed in this assignment. A small glimpse of the picturesque country will be provided in the form of pictures, to give the reader a greater ability to visualize this country and its inhabitance. The major elements and dimension of culture is reviewed, and these dimensions are; what the major elements and dimensions of culture are in this region; how these elements and dimensions are integrated by the locals conducting business in this region; how these cultures and dimensions compare with U.S. cultures and business; and what the implications are for U.S. businesses that wish to conduct business in that region. This paper will review some of the desires of Brazil’s government to be one of the world’s leading sports nations,...
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...[pic] CASE PAPER ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR GROUP AND TEAM BEHAVIOR Case Paper Organizational Behavior CONTENTS Contents 1 Introduction 2 Problem definiton 2 Case description: ajax 3 Theory: groups and teams in corporate life 4 Analysis: AJAX and group behavior 6 Conclusion 7 Bibliography 8 Appendix 9 Introduction In this case, the issue that will be discussed is about Ajax and the problems between Johan Cruijff and the Supervisory Board. Which functions are engaged within the decision making for Ajax and what exactly happened recently between the directors? Furthermore, there will be a focus on the difference between groups and teams. Founded on March 18, 1900 AFC Ajax is one of the largest and most storied clubs in European football. For example, they won 30 times the National Championship, 18 times the Dutch cup, 7 times the Johan Cruijff shield, 4 times the Champions league and many more. While led by the world famous Johan Cruijff, AFC Ajax had one of the best seasons ever in 1972 by a professional football team winning the National Championship, the Dutch Cup, the European Champions Cup and the World Cup. Everybody will agree on the fact that being so successful is not only about having a good soccer team. Recently, the Ajax supporters, and of course the rest of the soccer world, were surprised by Johan Cruijff. The supervisory board was in conflict with Johan Cruijff, and this situation was even...
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...Nike MKTG305-1301B-01 Marketing Management Project Type: Unit 4 Individual Project April 28, 2013 Abstract This paper will discuss the importance of branding. It will also focus on the history of Nike and how this company has been successful in their marketing efforts and their chosen celebrity endorsers. Introduction A product’s brand name has become an extremely important factor. It is the deciding factor in consumers’ final decision of whether or not to purchase a product or service. The brand in today’s market Prior to Nike, there were two visionary men, Bill Bowerman and Phil Knight, who pioneered a revolution in athletic footwear that redefined the industry ("Nike, Inc.:History," ). After years of their ideas being ignored, they established a partnership and convinced Japan to allow them to become U.S. distributors of Japan’s Tiger shoe which in turn opened the door to allow Bowerman to make changes to the Tiger shoe to make it a light weight and better. This led to the establishment of Nike. By 1971, there was a third individual, Jeff Johnson, the first full time employee, who created the marketing materials for Nike. Brand is clearly defined as a promise to the consumer which tells them what to expect from the products and services being offered and how it differentiates from competitors it is the basis for sales and incorporating a committed customer base. The American Marketing Association (AMA) defines brand as one of the following: * Name ...
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...significance for the communities they represent at both local and national levels. Social and cultural analysts have only recently started to investigate the wide variety of customs, values and social patterns that surround the game in different societies. This volume contributes to the widening focus of research by presenting new data and explanations of football-related violence. Episodes of violence associated with football are relatively infrequent, but the occasional violent events which attract great media attention have their roots in the rituals of the matches, the loyalties and identities of players and crowds and the wider cultures and politics of the host societies. This book provides a unique cross-national examination of patterns of order and conflict surrounding football matches from this perspective with examples provided by expert contributors from Scotland, England, Norway, the Netherlands, Italy, Argentina and the USA. This book will be of interest to an international readership of informed soccer and sport enthusiasts and students of sport, leisure, society, deviance and culture. Richard Giulianotti, Norman Bonney and Mike Hepworth are respectively Research Assistant, Senior Lecturer and Reader in the Department of Sociology, Aberdeen University, Scotland. Football, Violence and Social Identity Edited by Downloaded by [University of Ottawa] at 14:44 24 March 2014 Richard Giulianotti, Norman Bonney and Mike Hepworth London and New York First...
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...world. Football matches for instance have always been marred by such developments where the spectators have turned against rival spectators. In this case, the rival spectators are identified as those supporting a rival team. The violence against different team supporters have usually led to the destruction of property, injuries and in some unfortunate events, it has resulted to the loss of lives. These are issues that the world is currently facing. The entire universe has in one way or another experienced such developments especially among the sport spectators. The emergence of football as one of the most watched and supported sport has put it at the very center of hooligan activities. Many hooliganism cases reported today are from soccer matches, where fans find it hard to accept defeat. The fact that so many people today closely follow the sport has made it prominent, with an almost cult-like fan following. The football fans have grown enthusiastic of the sport in such a way that the loss of a match touches a very sensitive nerve among these fans, an aspect that results to anger. The embarrassment caused is usually almost personal among these spectators; hence the slightest trigger to violence leads to a greatly devastating repercussion. As such, hooliganism...
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...Robert Brown ETH/316 May 7, 2014 Richard Sorrentino Abstract This essay will research a a global organization and cultural issue that affects the organization's interactions outside the United States. It will also define the cultural issue within the global organization as well as provide an analysis of the ethical and social responsibility issues that the organization must deal with as a result of being a global organization. The analysis will identify ethical perspectives in the global organization and it will compare these ethical perspectives across cultures involved in the global organization. Ethical Perspectives Paper Due to many strict regulations placed on corporations by the United States, a lot of them have moved their factories overseas as a way of escaping the strict regulations. South Korea, Vietnam, Taiwan, and China are examples of various Third World countries that have a readily available and abundant cheap labor source. These companies take it vantage of this cheap labor as a means of fulfilling the consumer’s needs while at the same time cutting costs production. Many of these organizations have been noted by the media as abusing these forms of cheap labor and are highly criticized because of their organizational culture. The use of child labor or work conditions in the labor force are some of the malpractices these organizations are noted as using on both the local and international level. Although these organizations have been reported...
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...Traditional Japanese Culture and its Influence in Australia. Abstract: This paper looks at traditional Japanese culture in its entirety, and how exactly certain traditional aspects have influenced societies within Australia. The purpose of this research was to not only discover how exactly Japanese culture is recognised within Australian society today; but also to identify how Australians have gravitated towards the culture in general, allowing for major aspects to become part of their everyday life. The start of this research began to look at past views of Japan in Australia (which covered the White Australia Policy, and attitudes during and after World War II), and contrasted this with Australians present day perspectives of Japan. The research then continued to look at traditional cultural aspects of Japan such as; Japanese dining and mannerisms, sport, religion and spirituality, and visual arts, and then continued to discuss exactly how these aspects have impacted and influenced Australia and its members of society. The findings of this research reached a conclusion that although Japan was once perceived extremely negative by Australians, its influence within the Australian wider community is not only undeniable, but immensely beneficial and constructive to society. Introduction The culture of Japan is a multi-layered and intricate system that has been developed and sustained for over thousands of years. The Japanese culture combines both ancient and contemporary...
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...and men and in which student athletes, coaches, and athletics administrators are not subject to gender-based discrimination. Title IX, passed in 1972 at the pinnacle of the women’s rights movement, banned sex discrimination in any federally financed education program. It threw into quick relief the imbalanced treatment of male and female athletes on college campuses. Ever since Congress passed the federal gender-equity law, universities have opened their gyms and athletic fields to millions of women who previously did not have chances to play. But as women have surged into a greater part on campus in recent years, many institutions have resorted to deception to make it look as if they are offering more sports to women. Throughout this paper I will discuss the issues of gender equity in sports. I will mention what equal opportunities women have to play sports and how they can develop the psychological, physiological and sociological impact from sports participation. Females are playing team sports more now than they were a decade ago and far more women will play team sports in the next decade. In the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association's (SGMA) study, the authors analyzed many team sports and the role that females played in each activity. In 1990-1991, female high school varsity athletic teams numbered 1,892; in 2000-2001, the number increased to 2,746; and in 2005-2006, that number grew to 2,953 teams — a 56.1 percent increase from the 1990-1991 school year. During...
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...Notes: Gillette and Schick have reached the end of meaningful product innovation. Given this, Gillette faces the challenge of further expanding its already dominant market share around the world. And in a market that thrives on innovation, Gillette must determine how to balance the continued investment of resources in research and development, searching for ¨The next big thing¨ in the global shaving market Possible Solution: Capturing more of their loyal consumers through product-line expansions and inspiring marketing campaigns. History of innovation at Gillette 1895: Gillette has the brilliant idea- a razor with a safe, inexpensive, and disposable blade- 1901: Gillette produced the original Gillette safety razor and blade. An exceptional marketing by ¨offering consumer’s high-quality shaving products that would satisfy basic grooming needs at a fair price¨ 1948: All time performance record with profits per share of $6.80. 1964: Due to unsuccessful acquisition of Toni Company and Paper Mate net profits slumped to $1.33 per share. 1962: Wilkinson Sword introduced its stainless-steel blade. New manager named Ziegler: Gillette purchase number of companies that turn out unprofitable. But the introduction of Cricket disposable lighters and Soft & Dry antiperspirant and the introduction of the Trac II razor was a great success New CEO Colman Mockler: ¨Cut costs dramatically and pour the money saved into ad and product development budgets¨ Success due to introduction...
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...Jim Albert and Ruud H. Koning (eds.) Statistical Thinking in Sports CRC PRESS Boca Raton Ann Arbor London Tokyo Contents 1 Introduction Jim Albert and Ruud H. Koning 1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Patterns of world records in sports (2 articles) . . . . . . . 1.1.2 Competition, rankings and betting in soccer (3 articles) . . 1.1.3 An investigation into some popular baseball myths (3 articles) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4 Uncertainty of attendance at sports events (2 articles) . . . 1.1.5 Home advantage, myths in tennis, drafting in hockey pools, American football . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Website . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Modelling the development of world records in running Gerard H. Kuper and Elmer Sterken 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Modelling world records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.1 Cross-sectional approach . . . . . . . . . . 2.2.2 Fitting the individual curves . . . . . . . . 2.3 Selection of the functional form . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.1 Candidate functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.2 Theoretical selection of curves . . . . . . . 2.3.3 Fitting the models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3.4 The Gompertz curve in more detail...
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