...key to mastering a key theme, REA modeling. As we progress through this refresher, please pay close attention to the objectives being covered as you see on the screen. The objectives are as follows: problems inherent in the flat file approach to data management that gave rise to the relational database concept, relationships among the defining elements of the relational database environment, stages in database design, entity identification, data modeling, constructing the physical database, and preparing user views, features of distributive databases and issues to consider in deciding on a particular database configuration. These objectives will serve as the foundation for understanding relational database concepts and REA modeling. AC571_relational_database_006 Before we can get into the heart of relational database concepts one must understand the differences between two common database environments, flat file and relational databases. As you know, computer systems process data. This processing involves two key components, data and instructions, or programs. This occurs no matter what database environment you have. In order to process the data you need an interface. Conceptually there are two methods for designing the interface between program instructions and data. File oriented processing, in which a specific data file was created for each application, and data oriented processing, in which you create a single data repository to support numerous applications. While many firms...
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...Annotated Bibliography Parker, Marilyn. Nursing Theories and Nursing Practice. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company, 2005. Parker's book offers detailed information about nursing theorists and their work towards developing nursing theories. She intends to honor the work of the theorists by emphasizing the significance of the theories in the field of nursing and its development as a profession. she includes illustrations and statements that are very helpful in understanding the theories. Each chapter was developed having different pattern depending upon the context and its scientific perspective. It aims to give an encouragement for contributors and to make each chapter complete and interesting. This book offers assistance to nursing students in exploring and appreciating nursing theories and their use in nursing practice and scholarship. Rather than a practical handbook to producing and/or publishing, this book is indispensable because of its honest perspective and its encouraging approach. This book is very useful in making concept analysis because every concept is clear and organized in a way that it can easily be understood. Moreover, its content are very detailed and extensive which made it very favorable. Walker, L.O.,& Avant, K.C. Strategies for Theory Construction in Nursing(3rd ed.). Norwalk, CT: Appletion & Lange, 1995. The book of Avant and Walker offers detailed and easy-to-understand information about constructing theories in nursing and a very detailed step...
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...Sociotechnical Systems Theory, Quantitative Management, Organizations Theory, and System Theory approaches and Macro, Internal, and Competitive environments all have their place and relevance to managing a business. Some are more helpful than others and can be a great asset to building a business and some seem to lack importance or stability. Which ones are best for certain situation depends on what business a person is in and what position they are holding at the current time and place in the business. There are differences between the four contemporary approaches to management. Sociotechnical Systems Theory is different from the other approaches in that it deals with the people or human side of business. Human interactions and interpersonal relationships are considered in the decision making process. The people are handled more hands-on and allows people to correct any mistakes or problems early on. Quantitative Management is unique from the other approaches because it deals mostly with management issues in a mathematical way. Though there seem to be issues with this because most problems that arise cannot be solved in a mathematical way as in dealing with a management issue that an employee is misbehaving or not completing work on time. Organizations Theory differs from the other approaches as it is more cause and effect. How the manager treats the employee is how the employee will in turn act or work. If a manager does not know what they are doing or does not train their...
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...1. Introduction : No Business can run in vacant place so they need environment to operate the business. Environment may be the internal or external. Internal environment means the inside the organization with employees, management, organizational culture etc. on the other hand external environment is beyond the internal environment. It is consist micro and macro environment where, marketing environment is composed all the outside factor which directly or indirectly affects in our organization. It is difficult to control, unpredictable and hard to prepare. This report is highly based on external environment of Hungry Jacks Pvt.Ltd in Australia and find out the different opportunities and threat by implementing the SWOT analysis. 2.Case...
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...people should play many different types or roles when it comes to preserving those regions threatened by human encroachment. A lot of the environment has been destroyed and is continuing to be destroyed because of humans. Destroying of the environment not only affects us humans but it also affects animals and insects. A lot of humans do not realize that some animals help out and help keep the environment clean in some ways. Damage to the environment should only be done when there is no other options concerning the issue. All humans need to help one another keep our environment clean and pollution free. Many animals and insects suffer because humans do not help keep their environment clean. This causes a lot of animal and insect extinction. Many animals and insects have to search for their food from humans. I believe that humans are fully responsible for keeping all types of environments on this planet clean and safe. Humans can also damage and threaten their own environment and cause one another to suffer because someone does not want to take responsibility and help one another. We must realize that threat and danger to the environment is never going to stop. Some threat and danger to the environment can be caused on purpose and some of it cannot be on purpose. All humans should join together as one to keep the environment safe for everyone and animals and insects. Human Encroachment Survey | Please answer with complete sentences. Include scientific examples...
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...by the external environment. Where the other schools sees the environment as a factor, the Environmental School sees it as an actor. Cope! It all depends… Give a central role to the environment in strategy formation The dimension of the environment are often vague and aggregated. This renders it less useful for strategy formation. Denies real strategic choice for organisations. This is unrealistic Cultural and Environmental Schools of Thought applies to Nike between the years 1996 and 2000 in terms of strategy According to Mintzberg, the environmental school of thought is a strategy dealing with the forces outside the organization. Unlike the other schools in his book, Strategy Safari, the environment plays a central role in the strategy formation process alongside leadership and the organization where the organization becomes subordinate to the external environment. The environmental school assumptions are that during the formative period of the organization the company shapes itself in response to the environment, but after that period is increasingly unable to respond to the environment. Moreover, the organization long term survival depends on the early choices made during its formative period. Over time, Mintzberg states, leadership becomes progressively less able to influence the performance and survivability of the organization. The environmental school of thought has three different views in looking at the influence of the environment on the organization...
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...And In the End, There Was One AIU Online Abstract As one approaches the final steps of this whole new world of business and marketing, what is known as organization comes into play. Within organization come the categories of basic level environment, social environment and economic environment. In this report one will describe the categories, along with management structure and issues that one may encounter when dealing with operational as well as financial situations. Being that technology is an always changing implement, one will identify the impact of potential change factors in the role technology plays along with any other factors that may have an impact. There are three aspects that build up an organization, basic legal environment, social environment and economic environment. Country, state and international laws are what govern the basic legal environment of an organization. This is where prohibited items of production and sales can be found. Also included are employee protection laws that protect individuals from being discriminated based on race, sex, religion or age. Financial laws and included laws that deal with taxes and ethics of a business all fall under the basic legal environment. Consumers are also protected, ensuring satisfaction by making sure items are weighing in at the price they are being sold at or making sure that product descriptions are not misleading. Social environment of an organization is where all that impacts a business is...
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...THE NEED OF SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT AS A HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUE ABSTRACT Environmental protection is a recent concept, developed in the international or regional human right protection systems or mechanisms. In those early days, especially when modern human rights protection mechanisms such as UDHR, ICCPR, IESCR and other human rights instruments adopted, the concern given to environmental protection was not that much significant . The only few provisions in these instruments recognizes some rights like the right to healthy and favorable condition of work, the right to get adequate food, clothing and shelter and the like. It was during in 1992, earth summit, that the relationship between human rights and sustainable environment is addressed. The need for the protection of environment becomes a necessity. In fact environment is a totality of human life; it means that it is sources of food, clothing, and shelter. The denial of environmental protection could bring about the denial of some fundamental rights such as the right to health, life, food and so on. It is true that, environment should be properly managed in order to make it favorable to human life. However; the effort to protect the environment faces different challenges like the issue of locus-standi, justifiability, conflict between developmental efforts and environmental protection, burden of proof, lack of cooperation among states...
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...# G_05_00 A developed country is one that allows all its citizens to enjoy a free and healthy life in a safe environment. And a genuinely developing country is one in ... www.unescap.org/unis/press/G_05_00.htm - Cached # Can Economic Growth of a Nation be Correlated with Development? 17 Apr 2010 ... “A developed country is one that allows all its citizens to enjoy a free and healthy life in a safe environment. ... www.suite101.com/.../can-economic-growth-of-a-nation-be-correlated-with-development-a226912 - Cached # Developing country - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia "A developed country is one that allows all its citizens to enjoy a free and healthy life in a safe environment." But according to the United Nations ... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developing_country - Cached - Similar # Developed country - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ... defined a developed country as follows: "A developed country is one that ... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developed_country - Cached - Similar Show more results from wikipedia.org # Developing countries | Facebook "A developed country is one that allows all its citizens to enjoy a free and healthy life in a safe environment." But according to the United Nations ... www.facebook.com/pages/Developing.../110907328934225 - Cached # Why Reject the Mega Tower | Facebook 7 posts - 4 authors ... Kofi Annan clearly addressed, "A developed country is one that allows ... www.facebook.com/topic.php?uid=162774653750749&topic... - Cached Show...
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...Even though all the pill bugs in all test were moving you could see some more random movement and revolution in the dry area compared to the moist area. We observed that they like the dark area and stay close to each other which show they need humid area in order to survive The purpose of this experiment was to determine what environment the pill bugs prefered more, the moist or dry. While performing this experiment we were looking to see what conditions they desired more, the moist or the dry. While observing we could see how they behaved in a dry and dark area and also the moist and dark area, how they interacted with each other,and how many were active out of all five. To have a better understanding of this lab we had to know what pill bugs are before perming our experiment, and we found...
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...significantly. One organization that has experienced this is “Mountain Healthcare”. Mountain Healthcare is a network of medical groups located in California, New York, and Arizona. The network is composed of nine groups with over 200 locations and over 3,000 employees. The groups consist of clinics as well as Independent Practice Association (IPA) offices, which include primary and specialty healthcare to over 600,000 members. The organization includes specialties such as General Practice, Family Practice, Pediatrics, Internal Medicine, Dermatology, Cardiology, and General Surgery. These are just a few of the specialties associated with the organization. They have physical locations primarily...
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...knowledge during a sensitive period, he/she does so with great ease and with deep concentration. * The first one is the period of Sensory awareness. It originates at birth and continues until the young one reaches the age of 4. During this time the child needs to fully implement all the senses in order to expand them as much as possible. * The second sensitive period which focuses on Language development does not start until the age of three months. The child is in this phase until he/she reaches almost 6 years of age. In this time the little one distinguishes the sound of a human voice and is able to identify the person’s mouth moving. During this stage the child imitates certain sounds, especially the ones that people make. This shows the ability that the small being has to be able to discriminate and mimic the noise that other individuals make. * The third sensitive period focuses on Order. It appears from the age of one and subsides at the age of three. In this time the child expresses the need for stability as this is the organizational phase. The little one is concentrating on forming patterns and foundations for understanding the world around. * The fourth phase is characterized by the child’s Attention to detail. It occurs at around the age of two. The little ones develops the ability to focus on one particular task. During this period the young one practices the ability to hold attention. * At about the age of two and a half, the child enters the stage...
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...the company is to create an environment that is not only culturally diverse, that environment is also friendly. The environment is one where all employees and guests of the cruise line are comfortable with the diversity, and everyone can enjoy the differences. (osu.edu 13Nov05) A first step in this action plan is a survey to determine where the diversity in the company comes from and whether or not the company is meeting the needs of such a diverse group of employees as expected. In order to keep the survey up-to-date, it will be given to new hires. A similar survey will be given to cruise guests the last night of their stay. The information from the survey can then be entered into a database, enabling reports to be run on a scheduled, continued basis. The results of this survey will help the company to continually improve its service both to employees and customers. (thurrock.gov.uk 13Nov05) Step two involves one of the most important factors to any successful business, and that is employee input. The company will set up "idea" boxes, encouraging employees to offer opinions and ideas for improving both employee and customer relations, while recognizing that diversity is a strength that adds to the success of the company, coming from the education and experiences of the employees. A main objective of the company is to create an environment that is not only culturally diverse, that environment is also friendly. The environment is one where all employees and guests of the...
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...Explain how the four contemporary approaches to management are different from one another. • The contemporary approaches to management include: sociotechnical system theory, quantitative management, organizational behavior, and system theory. The sociotechnical system theory is an approach to understanding the relationship between technology, individuals, organizations and society in work place design. "The sociotechnical systems approach says that a change in one part means there will have to be corresponding changes in other parts. “The sociotechnical systems approach says that a change in one part, means there will have to be a corresponding change in other parts. “The quantitative management approach involves the use of mathematical modeling to find the best solutions to problems. One important component of the quantitative management approach is an ability to objectively collect information about a problem and possible solutions to develop appropriate, and useful, mathematical models. Organizational behavior theory usually represents concepts that help a company create better management practices. Concepts such as leadership, decision making, team building, motivation, and job satisfaction are all facets of organizational behavior and responsibilities of management. Systems theory is a broad perspective that allows managers to examine patterns and events in the workplace. This helps managers to coordinate programs to work as a collective whole for the overall goal or mission...
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...Approaches to Management & Environments Organizational management can have many approaches. Keeping employees, suppliers and consumers happy can be a complex process. It has been determined that contemporary approaches to management directly relate to an open system and the environments of an organization. Not all contemporary approaches to management relate to every organizational environment directly, but can have an overall impact. Sociotechnical systems theory is a contemporary approach to management that says that the right combination of workers along with their knowledge, training and tools leads to organizational effectiveness in satisfying customers. Quantitative management is another contemporary approach that prioritizes mathematical or statistical analysis as basis for decision making. This approach helps a manager make a decision by developing formal mathematical models including linear programming, queuing theory, simulation, forecasting, inventory modeling, network modeling, and breakeven analysis to resolve a problem (Bateman & Snell, 2013). The organizational behavior contemporary approach studies and identifies management activities that promote employee effectiveness by examining the dynamic nature of individual and group behaviors and interactions along with organizational processes. Systems theory shows that the organization’s performance depends on how effective it is providing goods or services using inputs from the external environment. Systems theory also...
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