...Consumer Care manufactures parent company Bayer's line of over-the-counter drugs and nutritional supplements. One of the largest manufacturers of OTC drugs in the world, the division has production facilities in Europe, North America, Latin America, and Asia and sells its products in over 100 countries at pharmacies and other retail outlets (Law, Bayer AG, 2012). This market plan is to establish how Bayer Consumer Care, the manufacturers of Aleve intend to capitalize on the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) market as drugmakers scramble to grab Vioxx's and Bextra’s multi-billion-dollar share of the arthritis and pain-relief market. Aleve is used to treat pain or inflammation caused by conditions such as arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, tendinitis, bursitis, gout, or menstrual cramps (Cerner Multum, Inc., 1996-2012). * Company Overview Take two Aspirin ... and maybe some Alka-Seltzer antacid and One-a-Day vitamins to be on the safe side. Bayer Consumer Care manufactures parent company Bayer's line of over-the-counter drugs and nutritional supplements. Its products include analgesics, cough and cold medicines, dermatology care, and gastrointestinal remedies. One of the largest manufacturers of OTC drugs in the world, the division has production facilities in Europe, North America, Latin America, and Asia and sells its products in over 100 countries at pharmacies and other retail outlets. It offers over 170 products including the ubiquitous Aspirin, as well...
Words: 1771 - Pages: 8
...To find the most effective exercise modality for patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). By Janice Lloyd, September 2016. Introduction Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory autoimmune Arthritis which is usually diagnosed from early teens to fifty years of age. Although 8% of the population has the Gene HLA-B27, they do not have AS, however, 9 out of 10 people with AS have the Gene. Recently two more Gene's were found that have been associated with AS, IL23R & ARTS1. AS is diagnosed by blood tests, physical examination, Xray's and family history. AS affects the Sacroiliac Joint (SIJ) the Spine (LX, TX,& CX) and can also affect the eyes, lungs, bowel, and skin. As a result of the inflammation in AS patients, new bone may grow around...
Words: 613 - Pages: 3
...• Neonates: Contraindication: necrotizing enterocolitis, thrombocytopeia, coagulation disorders, untreated infection, impaired renal function ,active bleeding and congenital heart disease where patent ductus arteriosus is necessary. • Tocolytic effect-- to prevent preterm labor, but toxicity of it limits the application lead to fetal morbidity. Naproxen Propionic acids More indication Reversibly inhibit COX-1 AND COX-2 enzymes. Decrease in PG synthesis. Analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effect • Treatment for OA, acute gout, RA ,tendonitis,bursitis,juvenile arthritis,ankylosing spondylitis and primary dymenorrhea. • Highly protein bound and displace other protein bound drug(its effectiveness is maintained) • Holds more FDA approved indication compared to other NSAIDS. • Highly protein bound and displace other protein bound drug(other protein bound drug effectiveness decreased) • Contraindication :hypersensitive to naproxen and other NSAIDS. • Contraindicated in perioperative pain in CABG...
Words: 863 - Pages: 4
...Osteoarthritis is a degenerative arthritis, a condition in which joint cartilage breaks down. New tissue, which grows at the ends of bones, now has no cartilage cap to control it. Instead, this new bone forms into strange lips and spurs that grind and grate and get in the way of movement of the joint. Osteoarthritis is common in older people after years of wear-and-tear that thin the cartilage and the bones. Osteoarthritis can also result from diseases in which there is softening of the bone, like Paget's disease in which the long bones of the body curve like a bow, or osteoporosis with its bowing of the shoulder called "dowager's hump," or the breakdown of other bones. Other forms of arthritis can also cause a secondary osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is not an inevitable problem of aging. Those who don't suffer from it may have their heredity and possibly the strength of their immune systems to thank. Medical science is not quite sure of all the factors that come into play in deciding who gets osteoarthritis and who doesn't. Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory arthritis. It is second only to osteoarthritis in the number of its victims. It affects primarily the small joints in the hands and feet and the synovium, causing crippling deformities. This is an arthritis that usually starts in middle age or earlier. Estimates of the incidence of rheumatoid arthritis run as high as one person in every hundred, and females are two to three times as likely to suffer from it. It seems...
Words: 1621 - Pages: 7
...Diversity Issues in Communication Name COMM/315 October 15, 2011 Angel Duran Quintana The power to identify the various visible and invisible dimensions of an individual indeed a conflict or perhaps is views in our daily lives, perhaps by cultural, structural and learned behavior. It is natural to be scared of what we do not know, if we see someone who dresses like we do not like, clearly generates distrust. Imagine someone badly dressed in a window of the bank would not be consistent, or serious. It is also natural that we like or draw attention to the beauty and harmony, not ugly and, dirty. Not good unnecessarily exposed to the public because there are also situations which appearances are deceiving. The trend that we have about certain types of people they are and how they behave, from the way of family upbringing or environment that surrounds each individual. Judge any person in its various dimensions seen and unseen. These characteristics should be used whenever it is for a specific job as well as the position or company to company president, general manager, a communicator or, a political position. Many times these dimensions help us to interpret the information, making it easier to understand the complex world in which we operate. These senses also fail because they generate specific expectations about how they are or how people behave. These dimensions make people behave with each other in a certain way and unfair, even used the wrong expression. These should...
Words: 1062 - Pages: 5
...Indomethacin is a non- steroidal anti inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used commonly as a prescribed treatment for inflammatory disorders, as well as relieve pain. its main uses include relieve symptoms of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and ankylosing spondylitis. These symptoms include stiffness, edema, joint pain, etc. Providers can also prescribe indomethacin to relieve mild to moderate pain in a place of acetaminophen or aspirin. Indomethacin works primarily within the endocrine system. When part of the body is injured or infected, a specific group of lipids called prostaglandins take action to maintain homeostasis and initiate the inflammatory response system. Swelling occurs, and usually pain and stiffness also appear in...
Words: 425 - Pages: 2
...a view to reason an inflammation of the salivary glands Osteomyelitis - a continual and severe bone illness Rubella (German measles) - a contagious illness which is characterised with the aid of a rash on the epidermis Septic or infectious arthritis - an infection of a joint triggered by way of a bacterial infection Syphilis - an sexually transmitted illness brought on by using the micro organism Treponema Pallidum Joint anguish reasons Degenerative, inflammatory and autoimmune-related joint suffering: distinctive degenerative, inflammatory and autoimmune stipulations may motive severe joint soreness. The humans who have the next conditions will often experience continual and severe joint discomfort. These conditions include: Ankylosing spondylitis - an infection of joints which might be between the spinal bones and between the backbone and pelvis Bursitis - an inflammation of the bursa which is the fluid-filled sack found between the tendon and the bone. This could also be acute, but can be chronic Fibromyalgia - a chronic condition that explanations pain, stress, and tenderness in joints, muscle tissues, tendons, and different delicate tissues. Gout - a variety of arthritis prompted by means of a uric acid construct-up within the joints. Two varieties of gout exist: acute gout, which most commonly affects one joint; and chronic gout which is repeated episodes of suffering and irritation in more than one joint Osteoarthritis - essentially the most common joint ailment...
Words: 719 - Pages: 3
...years. First of all, Motley Crue played hard and partied harder. They based their life on fast women, fast cars, alcohol, and drugs. Alcohol played a big role in Vince Neil’s life. Vince was charged with vehicular manslaughter after killing his best friend Razzle. They were both had been drinking and they were on their way to the store to buy more alcohol . Vince was speeding when he wrecked his car and the wreck instantly killed Razzle. Nikki Sixx was addicted to heroine and alcohol. The heroine addiction was so bad that Nikki has overdose twice. The Alcohol addiction was had gotten so bad that Nikki and tommy would sit down together and shoot up Jack Daniels from syringes straight into their veins. Poor Mick Mars suffered from ankylosing spondylitis, which led him to being addicted to his prescription pain reliever. Mick was hallucinating from these drugs. As for Tommy Lee well he was addicted to alcohol and cocaine. Tommy’s drug addiction wasn’t like his alcohol addiction. Tommy and Nikki would sit in their dressing rooms backstage and get high on cocaine or heroine and would be drinking at the same time. Vince, Nikki, Mick, and Tommy have been through rehab. Nikki has been a fewer times than his fellow band mates because of his addictive personality . Another effect was gender being in the 1980s. Hair meal bands were wearing leather, boots, and makeup. They would have long hair and big hair. Also there was questions on their sexuality. Motley Crue had the look down from...
Words: 575 - Pages: 3
...Myplace: The Place for Diversity Multimedia Analysis Mary Hoffman COMM/315 March 3, 2014 Dr. Jody Kehle Myplace: The Place for Diversity Multimedia Analysis Diversity is a term that has grown in its use over the years. Simply put, the term refers to all of the ways in which people are different and unique. These include each individual, groups of people, and cultural differences (Bucher, 2010). So often, our society judges people by outer appearance (for example: color of hair, color of eyes, and clothes you wear), the social groups people are associated with, the home/neighborhood you live in, the car you drive, and even the school you attended or graduated from. It’s just like judging a book by its cover. I think everyone does it a little, whether they mean to or not. During my review of the Myplace multimedia analysis on the University of Phoenix student web site, I noticed that began to look for superficial characteristics in the individuals photos to match the profile. Example 1: “I received my bachelor’s degree in English and worked as the managing editor of a weekly newspaper while pursuing my master’s degree in communications. Shortly after attaining my master’s, I worked for a large company as a graphic specialist before I began teaching for Axia College online. While working on my master’s degree, I lost my mom to cancer. Soon after, I struggled to find myself and experimented with many drugs, only to find that they weren’t the answer and that my mom wasn’t...
Words: 888 - Pages: 4
...Skin rashes Numbness and tingling in the hands, arms, legs or feet Muscle spasms Lower back pain Bladder problems Possible Complications of Fibromyalgia There are many possible complications of fibromyalgia that aren’t limited to just its physical symptoms. The pain, disability and reduced quality of life can prevent people from working and pursuing normal activities. Other complications of the neuromuscular disorder include: Women often experience up to 40-percent losses of physical functions and 67-percent losses of mental equilibrium. Suicide death rates and injuries are higher for people who suffer from fibromyalgia’s chronic pain. Sufferers of the condition also have seemingly related arthritis-generated conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and other rheumatic conditions. Multiple hospitalizations are common. Victims commonly become depressed and develop other mental problems. Treatments and Prognosis One study found that Traditional Chinese Medicine often delivered better relief from the symptoms of fibromyalgia than conventional treatments and pain medications. [1] The study found that the disease has been more commonly reported in recent years, which is possibly attributed to increased knowledge and access to Internet research resources. Multiple peer-reviewed articles have found that common pharmacological treatments--such as anti inflammatory drugs, topical agents, opioid and nonopioid analgesics, muscle relaxants and others--seem...
Words: 699 - Pages: 3
...consultants of D.U.H.S. including both male and females, for this study were 74 subjects. Non-probability purposive sampling techniques were used. Non-probability sampling is when sampling units do not have an equal chance of being included in the sample. Purposive / Consecutive Sampling where the researcher only approaches people who meet certain criteria. This sampling technique consume less time in comparison to other techniques. Inclusion criteria: 1. Individual attains sitting posture for more than 2 hours a day. 2. Age between 30 to 60 years. 3. Consultants of DOW UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, Ojha campus. Exclusion criteria: 1. Person with diagnosed musculoskeletal injuries due to trauma. 2. Person suffers from red flags (ankylosing spondylitis, tumors, infection, rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative joint disease). 3. Age below 30 years. 4. Students of medical college, house officers and PGs. 16 3.11 Research Instruments: This Cross-sectional survey study was conducted on consultants of Dow University of health sciences Ojha campus. The data was collected through close ended self-administered questionnaire. 3.5 Research setting: The data was collected from consultants in the premises of Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha campus Karachi, Who attain sitting posture more than 3 hours on daily basis in work place. 3.6 Research Design We used SPSS it helps in getting the most suitable results from the data available. The research design we used in this study is quantitative...
Words: 870 - Pages: 4
...associated with dull aching. Sometimes pain in the neck is worsened with movement of the neck or turning the head. Other symptoms associated with some forms of neck pain include numbness, tingling, tenderness, sharp shooting pain, fullness, difficulty swallowing, pulsations, swishing sounds in the head, dizziness or lightheadedness, and lymph node (gland) swelling. Neck pain can also be associated with headache, facial pain, shoulder pain, and arm numbness or tingling (upper extremity paresthesias). These associated symptoms are often a result of nerves becoming pinched in the neck. Depending on the condition, sometimes neck pain is accompanied by upper back and/or lower back pain, as is common in inflammation of the spine from ankylosing spondylitis. Continue Reading What are the structures of the neck? There are seven vertebrae that are the bony building blocks of the spine in the neck (the cervical vertebrae) that surround the spinal cord and canal. Between these vertebrae are discs, and nearby pass the nerves of the neck. Within the neck, structures include the skin, neck muscles, arteries, veins, lymph nodes, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, esophagus, larynx, and trachea. Diseases or conditions that affect any of these tissues of the neck can lead to neck...
Words: 1121 - Pages: 5
...with sleeping • Issues with memory and concentration • Frequent headaches • IBS also known as irritable bowel syndrome What Causes Fibromyalgia: It’s not clear what causes people to develop fibromyalgia. There are a few factors that can contribute towards it including; having a stressful incident, including physical stress or psychological stress, a chemical imbalance, genetics and viral infections. Although, sometimes fibromyalgia doesn’t always develop after any blatant trigger and sometimes develops later in life, like an ‘aftershock.’ There are a few associated conditions with Fibromyalgia. The following list of conditions are usually tested for when diagnosing fibromyalgia: • Osteoarthritis • Lupus • Rheumatoid Arthritis • Ankylosing Spondylitis • (TMD) Temporomandibular Disorder Treatment for Fibromyalgia: For treatment, it is best for you to consult a doctor to discuss the best ways of treating the disease. There are so many symptoms to Fibromyalgia resulting in having no single treatment for it. Usually, it takes a combination of treatments for any noticeable effect to occur that you will need to find the blend of. Typically, it is a mixture of medication and lifestyle changes. Sometimes, more than one healthcare professional might also be involved such as; a Rheumatologist, a Neurologist or a Psychologist. Painkillers: • Paracetamol • Codeine • Tramadol • Antidepressants • Amitriptyline • Pramipexole However, antidepressants can cause a lot of different side effects...
Words: 1147 - Pages: 5
...Common factors include changes in sex hormone levels, thyroid hormone levels, having diabetes mellitus, low activity, abnormal vitamin D receptors, smoking, and consuming alcohol. The sex hormone that contributes to the onset of osteoporosis in both male and females is androgens which help maintain healthy bone density of the entire skeleton and suppress the activity of osteoclasts. As age increases, sex hormone production declines which increases the chance of developing osteoporosis. Autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, multiple sclerosis, and ankylosing spondylitis are considered risk factors for osteoporosis as they attack internal defense systems and increase the chance of bone mass loss. Mental illnesses such as eating disorders and depression can cause an individual to become malnourished, forcing the bones’ osteoclasts to release calcium to maintain the calcium level in the blood necessary for survival and causing weak and brittle bones. Females who over exercise or develop anorexia can also trigger the same bone degeneration due to calcium loss when their actions result in amenorrhea due to low body weight. Some medications can stimulate bone loss and increase the risks of developing osteoporosis. These medications include but are not limited to: chemotherapy drugs, anti-seizure drugs...
Words: 1428 - Pages: 6
...lightning-like pain: nerve. o Burning, pressure-like, stinging, and aching pain: sympathetic nerve. o Throbbing diffused pain: vascular. • Duration: affects imaging and management decisions. • Site of pain and radiation to rule out radiculopathy. • Character and continuity of pain • Progression and intensity of pain at rest and movement • Alleviating/exacerbating factors: positions, timing, past treatments, exercise and/or rest. • Severity of pain • Associated symptoms: sciatica, paresthesias, pseudoclaudication, hip/knee pain (inflammatory arthritis), bowel/bladder dysfunction. • Features of specific serious diagnosis associated with LBP like: cancer, infection, cauda equina syndrome, compression fractures, spinal stenosis, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), herniated disc or radiculopathy. • Assessing for Red Flags (see below radiological studies) • Review of systems: o Visceral causes (Renal, GI, Pelvic) o Systemic symptoms of cancer or infection: (Fever, weight loss, night sweat or loss of appetite). • Past medical and surgical history: o Previous cancer history o Medications o Osteoporosis/pathologic fractures o Anxiety or depression • Social History: Smoking, obesity, older age, intravenous (IV) drug use and work ergonomics. • The physical exam steps for LBP include the following (see diagram2): o Inspecting the gait, position, and skin changes. o Palpation for tenderness. o Range of motion o Special tests (Table3) (See Diagram 2) (See Table 3) 6. RADIOLOGICAL STUDIES...
Words: 1359 - Pages: 6
