...Bahasa Melayu telah diiktiraf sebagai Bahasa Kebangsaan dan Bahasa Rasmi Negara kita Malaysia. Bahasa Rasmi merupakan bahasa yang mesti digunakan dalam segala urusan rasmi kerajaan. Ini dijelaskan dalam Akta Bahasa Kebangsaan 1963 / 1967 Akta 7/67, s.2 yang menyatakan bahawa Bahasa Kebangsaan hendaklah digunakan bagi maksud-maksud rasmi. Lantaran itu, sebagai rakyat Malaysia menjadi satu kewajipan kita untuk menguasai bahasa ini dengan baik daripada ujaran serta hukumnya. ATG AYAT TAK GRAMATIS Penguasaan yang baik akan memberi cerminan kepada bangsa pengguna bahasa tersebut. Ini dapat meng/ambarkan melalui penutur dan pengguna bahasa ini terutama warga Malaysia itu sendiri. Ketinggian ilmu dan ketinggian intelaktual warga akan digambarkan melalui ketinggian kualiti bahasa Melayu itu sendiri sebagai Bahasa Kebangsaan.TAK JELAS MAKSUD Untuk mendaulatkan bahasa Melayu sebagai bahasa kebangsaan dan bahasa rasmi Negara serta bahasa pengantar yang mampu membicarakan pelbagai bidang ilmu pengetahuan,//// kerajaan telah menjalankan beberapa usaha bagi membina dan memperkembangkan bahasa ini. Bahasa amat penting dalam proses pembelajaran oleh hal demikian murid-murid perlu menguasai bahasa itu dengan menguasai kemahiran-kemahiran bahasa tersebut TK /TIADA KOHESI. Dalam Bahasa Melayu terdapat tiga kemahiran yang utama. Kemahiran-kemahiran ini mendasari bahasa Melayu menjadi sebuah bahasa yang ilmiah dan kekal relevan dalam pelbagai zaman. TK /TIADA KOHESI. Tiga kemahiran itu ialah kemahiran...
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...Code-switching as a Communication Device in Conversation Kamisah Ariffin Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia Shameem Rafik-Galea Universiti Putra Malaysia Abstract Like in other multilingual contexts, code-switching has gained a foothold as a verbal mode of communication among Malaysian bilingual speakers. It occurs in both formal and informal contexts of communication. Empirical research has shown that the practice of alternating or mixing languages is not only common, but serves important communication strategies (Heller, 1992; Myers-Scotton, 1992). This study examines the purposes of code-switching and how it is used to achieve the speakers’ communicative intents in Bahasa Melayu (BM)-English bilingual conversations Data were collected through audio-recording of speakers’ speech during organizational training sessions. The data were analyzed according to the situations that triggered the code-switching. The findings show that speakers employed code-switching to organize, enhance and enrich their speech. Keywords: code-switching, discourse functions, communication device Introduction Code-switching, which may be defined as the alternation between two or more languages in a speaker’s speech, occurs naturally in the scheme of bilinguality. Studies have reported that code-switching often happened subconsciously; ‘people may not be aware that they have switched, or be able to report, following a conversation, which code they used for a particular topic’...
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...Pelajar | : 20 orang ( 12 lelaki, 8 perempuan) | Modul | : Tema | Tema | : Alam Hidupan | Mata Pelajaran | : Bahasa Melayu | Tajuk | : Hidupan laut | Tunjang Utama | : Komunikasi – Bahasa Malaysia | Standard Kandungan | : BM 1.1 Mendengar dengan penuh perhatian.: BM 2.2 Bersoal jawab melalui rangsangan yang diberi.: KTI 1.2 Menzahirkan idea kreatif dalam penghasilan karya. | Standard Pembelajaran | : BM1.1.13 Mendengar dan memberi respons terhadap perbualan, permintaan, cerita dan lagu.: BM 2.2.6 Mengemukakan soalan yang sesuai dan mudah difahami.: KTI 1.2.3 Menghasilkan karya kreatif yang mudah melalui pelbagai aktiviti menggambar. | Kesepaduan Tunjang | : BM 1.0 Kemahiran mendengar | Objektif Pembelajaran | : Pada akhir pembelajaran, murid akan dapat 1. Mendengar dan mengenali jenis hidupan laut. 2. Mengeja dan membaca nama haiwan dengan betul. 3. Melukiskan gambar hidupan laut menggunakan ‘magic shape’ | Pengetahuan sedia ada | : Murid-murid mengetahui dan pernah melihat di persekitaran. | Kemahiran Berfikir | : Menjana kemahiran intelek, menjana idea. | Penerapan Nilai | : Patuh pada arahan, memberi perhatian, bertanggungjawab, bertolak ansur, rajin dan kreatif. | Alat Bantu Mengajar | : Gambar, bahan maujud, kertas lukisan, kertas warna, set ‘magic shape’. | Fokus MI | : Awal sains, kreativiti, seni visual dan kecerdasan bahasa. | Kosa Kata | : Ikan yu, penyu, bintang laut, obor-obor, ketam, kuda laut. | Pelaksanaan pengajaran dan...
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...RANCANGAN PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA MELAYU TINGKATAN 5 JABATAN PELAJARAN PERAK 2011 |MINGGU |TAJUK |SKOP/OBJEKTIF |Rujukan | |01 |Pendedahan dan memperkenalkan BM SPM |Aspek Penyoalan dalam | | |03/01/11 |BM Kertas 1 |peperiksaan. |Kertas soalan terkini | |- |-Karangan Berpandu+Umum | |Kertas soalan SPM | |07/01/11 |BM Kertas 2 |Skema pemarkahan |Kertas soalan | | |- Rumusan dan Pemahaman |Bahan rujukan |Buku teks | | |- Pemahaman Komponan | |Antologi Dirgahayu Bahasaku | | |Sastera ( Dirgahayu Bahasaku ) | |Novel Azfa Hanani dan Novel | | |- Tatabahasa | |Kembara Amira. | | |- Novel - T4 + T5 | | | |02 ...
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...Read carefully A. Introduction 1. You are required to compute the tax payable for a taxpayer in Malaysia and propose to the taxpayer steps for tax planning in order to minimise the tax payable. The computation should follow the requirements of the Income Tax Act 1967 (ITA 1967). Similarly, the tax planning proposal should be within the provisions of the same (ITA 1967). The taxpayer should be any individual you are familiar with such as family, relatives and friends. The assignment title is “‘Tax Computation and Tax Planning Proposal for An Individual Taxpayer in Malaysia” and should be completed on an individual basis. 2. Documents you will require from the taxpayer are all relevant documents to income tax calculation including copies of income documents. To protect privacy and confidentiality of taxpayer, information which identify the taxpayer such as names (individual and company), addresses and tax reference numbers should not be shown on the documents and tax returns. Use, instead, Encik X, Cik Y, Miss Z, Puan M and so on. 3. Borang B or BE, as the case may be, should also be attached to the calculation. The forms are downloadable from the following website. http://www.hasil.org.my/pdf/pdfborang/Borang_BE_2013_1.pdf (BM version) http://www.hasil.org.my/pdf/pdfborang/Form_BE2013_2.pdf (English version) Do note that for submission purposes to LHDN, the Bahasa Melayu version should always be used. 4. For tax planning part of the assignment, you are to use your...
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...eKNOW 2014 : The Sixth International Conference on Information, Process, and Knowledge Management Malay Semantic Text Processing Engine Benjamin Chu Min Xian MIMOS Berhad Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia mx.chu@mimos.my Liu Qiang MIMOS Berhad Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia qiang.liu@mimos.my Rohana Mahmud University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia rohanamahmud@um.edu.my Arun Anand Sadanandan MIMOS Berhad Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia arun.anand@mimos.my Kow Weng Onn MIMOS Berhad Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia kwonn@mimos.my Dickson Lukose MIMOS Berhad Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia dickson.lukose@mimos.my Abstract—Semantic Text Understanding is a process that transforms text into conceptual representation. In this paper, we propose a Text Understanding System for Malay Language. The system comprises of two components: Morphology Analyzer and Semantic Text Interpreter. Some initial evaluation experiments were conducted on these components to gain explanatory insights into its performance. All the current text processing systems we reviewed are focused on preliminary algorithms and rules associated to lexical, morphological and syntax analysis. In our paper, we developed an integrated approach for a text understanding system that has the ability to represent the semantics of the text. Keywords-Natural Language Understanding; Morphology Interpretation. Processing; Semantic Analysis; Semantic Text Text I. INTRODUCTION The development of fast algorithms to understand and exploit the...
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...Before I started my research in Code-Switching, I had very little knowledge of what code switching actually was. Through my research, I came to find that code means language; switching means alternating between. Right as I started my research, I started to notice that authors spell “code switching” in different ways. For example, they use it as two words, with a hyphen between them, or as one word. The different ways to spell code switching is a perfect example of the meaning of the word/s itself. Switching languages can mean a variety of things. As the articles I annotate below indicate, language switching can occur without notice, between dialects of a language, between different languages, and so on. Due to its broadness, it is important to focus on a topic of interest when researching code switching. I decided to focus on the advantages and benefits that Code Switching provides. The articles I reviewed give reasons why code switching happens, and some articles present many explanations. However, the main reasons as put forth by Arnfast and Jorgensen (2003), imitate the three main reasons that code switchers give for using their skill. These reasons are: to fill in linguistic gaps for words, acquisition or maintenance of social power, and social acceptance. After much research and by reading several studies of these approaches, I came to the conclusion that code switching is used rarely for one purpose. It is also doubtful that the users are completely aware of all the reasons...
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...See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/254863220 Food Safety Knowledge, Attitude and Hygiene Practices Among The Street Food Vendors In Nothern Kuching City Sarawak ARTICLE · SEPTEMBER 2012 CITATION DOWNLOADS VIEWS 1 10,751 4,261 4 AUTHORS, INCLUDING: Mizanur Rahman Mohamad Taha Arif University Malaysia Sarawak University Malaysia Sarawak 22 PUBLICATIONS 44 CITATIONS 17 PUBLICATIONS 227 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Kamaluddin Bakar University Malaysia Sarawak 2 PUBLICATIONS 1 CITATION SEE PROFILE Available from: Mizanur Rahman Retrieved on: 16 August 2015 BORNEO SCIENCE 31: SEPTEMBER 2012 FOOD SAFETY KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND HYGIENE PRACTICES AMONG THE STREET FOOD VENDORS IN NORTHERN KUCHING CITY, SARAWAK Md Mizanur Rahman, Mohd. Taha Arif, Kamaluddin Bakar, & Zainab bt Tambi Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Sarawak, Malaysia ABSTRACT. Street food vending is a prevailing and distinctive part of a large informal sector in both developed and developing countries. Food safety is a key public health concern, because a large number of people take their meals outside the home and are exposed to food borne illnesses. Food handlers play an important role in ensuring food safety throughout the chain of storage, processing production, preparation and retailing. The objective of the...
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...yang hendak dibincangkan 'memerlukan penelitian bersama' membawa maksud bahawa , isu pencemaran yang merupakan isu global ini perlu dibincangkan, difikirkan dan ditangani bersama-sama di peringkat antarabangsa . Ini adalah kerana masalah pencemaran yang berlaku di seluruh dunia ini pernah, sedang dan akan dialami oleh semua negara . Jadi langkah-langkah bijak perlu dirancangkan bagi mengatasi masalah ini . Bagaimanakah cara kita hendak menyelesaikan masalah di atas ? Cara kita menjawab atau menyelesaikannya adalah bergantung kepada persepsi kita sendiri terhadap alam sekitar . Ia juga mendedahkan cara hidup kita; adakah cara hidup kita dapat membantu memulihara alam sekitar atau sebaliknya ? Unit Pendidikan Persatuan Pencinta Alam atau Malaysia Nature Society (MNS) sering menerima pertanyaan tentang apakah cara-cara memulihara alam sekitar yang sepatutnya dilakukan oleh semua pihak . Tidak kurang juga yang menanyakan adakah usaha seorang individu dapat memulihara alam sedangkan masalah-masalah itu telah menjadi semakin rumit . Jika kita meniliti punca-punca masalah alam sekitar, kita mendapati bahawa kebanyakannya disebabkan oleh permintaan manusia terhadap hasil keluaran industri . Ini membawa kepada masalah tekanan terhadap keupayaan bumi membekalkan ruang dan sumber untuk permintaan ini . Tekanan terhadap alam sekitar terdiri...
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...PENGHARGAAN Bukan lebah sebarang lebah, Lebah bersarang dipohon kayu, Bukan sembah sebarang sembah; Sembah adat pusaka Melayu. Sirih pinang sirih seniman, Sirih dari Pulau Mutiara, Pemanis kata selamat datang; Awal bismillah pembuka bicara. Dengan nama Allah Yang Maha Pemurah lagi Maha Mengasihani. Segala pujian bagi Allah, Tuhan sekalian alam. Syukur ke hadrat Ilahi dengan limpah kurnia dan dengan izinNya. Saya dapat menyiapkan kerja kursus pendek Bimbingan dan Kaunseling Kanak-Kanak dalam masa yang ditetapkan. Saya ingin merakamkan setinggi-tinggi penghargaan dan jutaan terima kasih kepada Puan Salina binti Mokhtar, Pensyarah Bimbingan dan Kaunseling Kanak - Kanak (EDU 3107) Program Ijazah Sarjana Muda Perguruan (PISMP) ambilan Januari 2011. Sesungguhnya beliau telah banyak membantu saya dalam proses menyiapkan kerja kursus yang terbaik. Beliau juga memberikan komitmen yang sepenuhnya terhadap kerja kursus pendek ini dan banyak memberikan nasihat, pandangan, bimbingan, tunjuk ajar serta teguran yang membina agar saya dapat menghasilkan tugasan yang terbaik. Serumpun kasih berbunga sayang saya hadiahkan kepada ibu bapa dan rakan-rakan saya kerana memberikan sokongan sama ada dari aspek nasihat mahupun kewangan dalam menyiapkan tugasan ini. Akhir sekali, sekalung apresiasi kepada semua pihak yang terlibat dalam menyiapkan kerja kursus ini kerana banyak membantu saya dalam mendapatkan bahan-bahan rujukan sepanjang tugasan ini dilaksanakan. Bintang tujuh...
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...NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND POLITICS GUIDE TO FOREIGN AND INTERNATIONAL LEGAL CITATIONS FIRST EDITION ● 2006 © Copyright 2006 by New York University Contents FORWARD AND GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS................................................................................................. xiii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ......................................................................................................................................xv COUNTRY CITATION GUIDES ARGENTINA...............................................................................................................................................................1 I. COUNTRY PROFILE ..................................................................................................................................1 II. CITATION GUIDE.......................................................................................................................................2 1.0 CONSTITUTION...................................................................................................................................2 2.0 LEGISLATION......................................................................................................................................2 3.0 JURISPRUDENCE ................................................................................................................................3 4.0 BOOKS .....................................
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