...CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. Background of Study According to Dewan Film Indonesia (1994:7) the first Cinema in Indonesia was built in December 1900, the first class ticket was 2 Gulden (silver) and the second class was 2.5 Gulden. Another rules in ticketing was by dividing the price into 3 classes. The third class, known as “goat class” was the cheapest. Started at Gambir open field (now, Monas), the building was a warehouse with a wall from gedek (plaited bamboo skin) and iron roof. Named as Talbot (taken from the owner’s name), it moved from one city to another when the movie season ended There was another Cinema known as De Callone (name of the owner) in Deca Park. Known as “misbar (gerimis bubar)”, an open Cinema, De Callone was a starter of Capitol Cinema in Pintu Air. Back then, the movie showing was silent. Sometimes, they put music together with the movie but it didn’t match. Decade 1950’s was the golden period of Cinema business. The competitors of Cinema were drama, human Wayang, Ketoprak, etc, which technically was below the standardization of cinematography technology. Compared to the organized cost of drama and the rest, Cinema cost was cheaper because it only repeated the movies again and again (Haris, 1992:19). In 1951, Metropole Cinema was built in Jakarta. It was supported with 1.700 seats capacity, had vacuum and blower ventilation, 3 floor building, dance floor, and swimming pool. Competition got higher...
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...Task Sheet 2 - Reading 2 - Buyology ch 8 A SENSE OF WONDER Selling to Our Senses A - Text related questions The author argues that when it comes to advertising, sight is the most important of senses. True or False? True. What is ‘sensory branding’? Companies are discovering, they’d be better of not just inundating us with logos but pumping fragrances into our nostrils and music into our ears. It is sensory branding. In the first experiment, what happened when the image and the fragrance didn’t match up? Subjects rated the image-fragrance combinations to be more appealing than either the image or the fragrance alone.pleasantness quotient dropped. What are mirror neurons (you will have to research this outside the text)? Mirror neurons represent a distinctive class of neurons that discharge both when the monkey executes a motor act and when it observes another individual (a human being or another monkey) performing the same or a similar motor act ( Figure 1). These neurons do not discharge in response to the simple presentation of food or of other interesting objects. They also do not discharge, when the monkey observes hand actions mimicked without the target object. Thus, the effective visual stimulus is the observation of a hand interacting with an object (Gallese et al. 1996, Rizzolatti et al. 1996a). Why do supermarkets have bakeries close to their entrances? Not only does the fragrance of just-baked bread signal freshness and evoke powerful feelings of comfort and...
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...Why B2B Branding? Brands facilitate the identification of products, services, and businesses and differentiate them from competition. They are a guarantee of quality, origin, and performance,increasing the perceived value of the customer and reducing the risk and complexity involved in the buying decision. Brand feelings : customers’ emotional responses and reactions to the brand and the company As the customer experiences successful interactions in each of the components of product value the customer perceives there to be real benefit in continuing with that supplier. As the sense of value in these interactions continues to grow, customers develop a sense of trust The final step Brand relationships brand response is converted to loyalty relationships between the customers and brand, based on trust and confidence. STRATEGIES Create a brand mantra. Build on reputation of the brand and develop sub-brands that capitalise on the credible corporate name. Brand should incorporate points of difference & points of parity to target customer segments and communicate value. Therefore firm can command premium price for a strong brand. Have a sharp communication strategy. Customer value proposition Points of difference and parity help the marketers of IFF to understand their consumers needs which will ultimately lead to defining value from consumer perspectives and convert this information into required specifications. Product Quality & Value Creation Company...
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...CONSUMER BEHAVIOR Global Edition 9e Michael R. Solomon When you finish this chapter, you should understand why: • Perception is a three-stage process that translates raw stimuli into meaning. • Products and commercial messages often appeal to our senses, but we won‟t be influenced by most of them. • The design of a product today is a key driver of its success or failure. 3/8/2012 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education 2-1 2-2 Learning Objectives (continued) Sensation and Perception • Subliminal advertising is a controversial— but largely ineffective—way to talk to consumers. • Sensation is the immediate response of our sensory receptors (eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and fingers) to basic stimuli (light, color, sound, odor, and texture). • We interpret the stimuli to which we do pay attention according to learned patterns and expectations. • Marketers use symbols to create meaning. • Perception is the process by which sensations are selected, organized, and interpreted. 3/8/2012 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education 2-3 3/8/2012 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education 2-4 Figure 2.1 Perceptual Process We receive external stimuli through our five senses Hedonic Consumption • Hedonic consumption: multisensory, fantasy, and emotional aspects of consumers‟ interactions with products • Marketers use impact of sensations on consumers‟ product experiences 3/8/2012 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education ...
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...Sensory marketing Level of emotional impact increases when involving multiple senses - enhance the product experience and increase loyalty. • Smell (customer smell the product to see if it is bearable) Fact: fragrance free, barely has sense of herb Improve: 1. Arnica Montana is a yellow and daisy-like flowers, a pleasant and congruent mint or floral scent can improve consumers’ ability to remember brand names and packaging. 2. Can try to enhance the herbal sense to deliver the information that Arnicare has high concentration of effective ingredient • Visual Fact: no color (crystal clear) Possible improvement: 1. Arnica Montana also named mountain daisy, some yellow color or light brown color might enhance the user experience 2. Option: the light blue or green color to comply with the package • Touch (focus on gel but Arnicare has cream, ointment and other texture) Fact: for Arnicare gel, it is non-sticky, non-greasy, jelly-like material, relatively soft and weak to other similar products Possible Improvement: 1. make the gel harder and tougher to provide the customer a sensory idea that the active ingredient is concentrate and the product is more effective compare to similar product 2. Enhance the cooling effect Is the package attractive? For my personal experience, the ice hot package is more attractive and appropriate, it uses the two different but congruent colors on the package to offer a direct feeling of words “ice” and ‘Hot”. Ben...
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...PERCEPTION 1. We all see the world in our own way, and interpret it differently. Several people can see the same incident and give very different accounts. 2. Senses differ from perception 3. For marketers, consumers perceptions are much more important than their knowledge of objective reality. "Reality" is an individuals perception of what has taken place. 4. What people think or believe is in many ways more important than what really is 5. Perception is defined as "how we see the world around us" our perception is based on our needs, values, expectations 6. Perception is the process by which an individual selects, organises and interprets stimuli into a meaningful and coherent picture of the world (stimulus = input to the senses). 7. Sensation = immediate and direct response of the sensory organs to simple stimuli eg. an advertisement, a brand name, a package. 8. ABSOLUTE THRESHOLD = point at which a person can detect a difference between something and nothing. It is different for each individual - adaptation = getting used to a sensation senses becoming dulled to it, because of adaptation, advertisers try to change their campaign regularly, use attention gaining techniques eg. samples, stunts etc. Packaging also is designed to stand out from the rest, to gain attention. i.e. if you sense the same thing over and over again you will become bored with it and turn off from it. 9. DIFFERENTIAL THRESHOLD = minimal difference between two stimuli or just...
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...“The Influence of Haptic Information on Product Evaluation – an Experimental Research on Undergraduate Students of Four Private Business Institutions of Karachi, Pakistan” Bachelors of Business Administration Fall 2012 Prepared by – Advisor – Mr. Zohaib Sufiyan Acknowledgement Firstly we would like to thank the Allah Almighty for his blessings and for the timely completion of the research. We would also like to thank and appreciate the efforts of our thesis advisor – Mr. Zohaib Sufiyan for his assistance at every step of the report. We would like to thank following people for providing us with valuable information which formed the basis of our research and expanded our knowledge base: Ms. Wajeeha Javed – Head of Academics, SZABIST Mr. Fahad Zuberi– BBA Coordinator, SZABIST Mr. Rizwan Bashir– CEO/Consultant, Training House Mr. Khurram Abbas– Territory Manager – Reckitt Benckiser Thank you all Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary 4 2 Introduction 5 2.1 Variables of the Study 5 2.2 Research Methodology 6 2.3 Sampling Size & Sample Techniques 9 2.4 Scope of Study 10 2.5 Research Objectives 10 2.6 Research Questions 11 3 Assumptions 11 4 Literature Review 12 5 Theoretical Framework 34 5.1 Flowchart 34 5.2 Explanation 34 5.3 Question Statement 35 6 Data Analysis 36 6.1 Study 1 36 6.2 Study 2 41 6.3 Data Collection Methodology 56 7 Conclusion 57 8 Recommendations 58 10 Limitations of the Study 59 ...
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...Dogs’ senses are quite a bit different than humans- in an interesting way. Nevertheless, what most know is that dogs have a sense of smell that is far more superior to humans’, but not all know how much better. An average dachshund will have about 125 million scent receptors alone, far beyond a human’s 5 million (Coren 1). However, though canine noses are so impressive, canine mouths are not. Dogs, on average, have about 1,700 taste buds compared to those of a human, which is about 9,000 (Compton). Seeing that dogs don’t rely heavily on taste, some dog owners think dogs will eat any food they’re given- but is this true? However, though the taste may not matter as much, other factors such as smell and texture matter quite a bit. Although mainly the smell of the food matters most above all other factors. Dogs have a special nose, far more complex than a human’s. A fascinating part is the extra organ in their nose called the Vomeranasal Organ or Jacobsen’s (“Dog”). Jacobsen’s Organ works as a combination of smell and taste, effectively allowing dogs to, quite literally, taste the air. Jacobsen’s organ rests in the bottom of the nasal passage, picking up pheromones (Tyson). Pheromones are chemicals that animals advertise to signal mating readiness and other sex-related things...
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...Definitions of words used in Sensory Science A glossary of words associated with Sensory Science. Absolute threshold: See stimulus threshold. Acceptance measurement: Consumer test to determine the acceptance of (new) products. Generally involves a comparison of new products with those already on the market. Acquired preferences: Preferences which are acquired during life as a result of learning or conditioning processes. Adaptation: Ability of a sense to show a change in perception as a result of the continuing effect of a constant stimulus; the stimulus threshold of the affected sense becomes adapted to the stimulus intensity level. Adaptive response: An appropriate action in which the individual responds successfully to some environmental demand. Adaptive responses require good sensory integration, and they also further the sensory integrative process. Additivity: Addition effect of sensory impressions in a mixture so that the perceived overall intensity is equal to the sum of the intensity of the single components. Affective tests: Tests to evaluate the popularity of an aroma and/or taste impression (also called hedonic tests). Aftertaste: Sensory impression that lasts longest after swallowing. Analysis of variance: Multivariate statistical method. An independent variable Y, one or more independent variables X. Are there X differences between the products for term Y? Analytical testing: See objective testing. nosmia: Olfactory disorder resulting in temporary...
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...In the field of product design, sensory domination can be defined as the comparative significance of various sensory elements for product experience. Since product experience does not depend on one sensory element solely, it is motivating to be acquainted with the particular sensory element that plays a foremost part in a particular occurrence, so that designers could focus on the conception of the most pertinent product features. Researchers and scientists suggest that the leading sensory element is closely dependent on the point of product handling and the nature of the product. At the point of purchasing, sight is generally the most significant element, but at later phases, physical contact and hearing become just as significant. Taste and smell are the two elements that come much later. However, at the later phases of product usage, the dominating sensory element would very much relate to the prime purpose of the particular invention and on the features of the user-product interface. To create a full and enduring product experience, it is vital for designers to chew over the interaction between the user and the product itself, not just at the point of purchase but at various phases of product handling, and to establish which sensory occurrence is more essential for the users at every phase. The amendments in the importance of the respective sensory element can be justified by the alteration in the product-user interface. In a retail shop, the contact that consumers have...
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...negative criticism. The advert itself stands true to the core of advertising which is to sell and or market goods by creating associations between the product or brand and pleasant and desirable circumstances, events or people. In this instance, the commercial seeks to associate flying with virgin Atlantic as a fun and glamorous adventure that will leave the passenger wanting for more. The ad does this by appealing to the three main sensory perceptual channels that are used by man to process information, namely visual, auditory and kinesthetic perception channels. Visually, the advert itself is stunning, creating a glamorous world that seeks to associate virgin airlines with mysterious and fantastical adventures. The entire advert is full of spectacular scenes from a very vivid imagination. A good example of this can be seen right from the beginning, where a group of four air hostesses dressed up in the red uniforms that are so characteristic of virgin Atlantic, with travelling bags in tow are seem striding majestically towards some unknown destination. One realizes that there is more than meets the eye once one sees a tiny men riding on the travelling bags. One of them slides from the lead hostess’s bag and scampers under her gigantic stiletto heel while she smiles knowingly. The aim here is to create a sense of awe and the possible subliminal message...
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...RESEARCH PROJECT IN SOCIOLOGY Submitted to: Ma’am Anacoreta P. Arciaga Submitted by: Clarissa Bianca S. Osorio COM32 Research Title/Topic: Before and After Effects of Fast-Food advertisements in the perspectives of consumers/consumption behavior Introduction Food advertisements of different fast-food chains have always exerted massive amount of efforts to make their “ads” appealing and effective to the mass. From commercials, to billboards, to newspapers and etc., their advertisements caught the attention of consumers and it definitely paved way to make their sales at its peak. The problem is, sometimes, types of advertisements such as glittering generality, bandwagon and the like lead to giving false hopes to people for the sake of money. It even has come to a point where these companies prioritize “quantity over quality” that even the said advertisements lead to deception. The emerging world of advertising is inevitable and definitely uncontrollable. We, as consumers have been left with deciding whether to trust or to believe what the advertisements tell us. The effects of these food advertisements could trigger either positively or negatively in our lives. We become molded of these advertisements until they finally influence our lifestyle. We kept on being amazed and driven to purchase these products without knowing what it will affect us. This research will be beneficial especially to people who are fond of eating at fast-food chains. This research will identify...
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...marketers of Glidden paint to come to a conclusion that not only should you hypothesize, you should also carry out experiments as well. In this case we see that the help of experiments helped them realize that Walmart’s brand name of saving money was not deterring the perceived quality of the paints. Meaning that Walmart’s cheap pricing of goods played no part in the durability of the paint. Research helped the marketers of Glidden paint realize that they could revamp the Walmart paint section, which has been ignored for years. They are confident that Glidden paint will do great numbers because they have raised awareness and created a media platform that consumers can interact with the most. Not only has research helped in satisfying consumer wants, it also gives the marketer an in-depth knowledge on the frequent changes of consumer taste. Research helped Glidden paint marketers realize that the consumers who will buy their paints are looking for originality and quality over convenience. I know you will ask why “convenience” falls in this category and the answer is that a lot of people step out of their comfort zone just to get the right item. They think less of their limitations, which can be money, health, distance, and so on just to feel a sense of accomplishment when...
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...experience from your life. Draw upon the five senses – sight, sound, taste, smell, touch – and employ the use of simile and metaphor. Your essay must have a thesis, in which you explain or allude to why this event/person/place is important to you. What is the personal meaning? Has your feelings on what you’re describing changed over time? Descriptive Essay Rubric and Grading Considerations • Correct spelling, grammar, and punctuation • Length: 2-3 pages, typed, proper MLA formatting (see book and syllabus) • Qualities of good writing (active verbs, sensory descriptions, written in the student’s own voice) • A clear introduction, thesis, and a conclusion that offers a reflection. • Includes a developed body, good paragraph development, transitions, and logical flow in essay form. Fresh Meat (from the “Cabrini Green Project”) By Darrius Barron Being the new kid on the block wasn’t always a good thing. The first day of high school, bashfulness erupted in every freshman’s body. The smell of fresh meat lurked around in the air, as the sophomores sensed it. There was quiet in every classroom. Very few people were talking to their friends from eighth grade. Every forty-five minutes in class felt like a decade in the lake of fire. I felt the dirty, disrespectful looks on my back. I felt the heat from the competition in the school. This year for high school, I tried to change my dress attire to name brand clothes and shoes. If I had on what popular...
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...flashing a message through computerized digital words on a screen at a very fast speed. The repeated flashing stimulates the potential or prospective buyers to unconsciously absorb the message. If the message in a TV advertisement during commercial break, is to eat pizza pie at Pizza Hut, generally consumers whenever feel hungry they tend to go to Pizza Hut and order pizza pie. On the other hand, supraliminal perception is the perception of stimuli that are above level of consciousness or awareness. Experiences that can be evoked by sensory receptors are strong enough to perceive and remember. Extrasensory Perception is the perception of objects or events through means other than sensory organs. Eyes, ears, mouth, nose and skin are sense organs used for personal experience to the external world. Bem and Honorton presented “psi”, as unusual processes of information or energy transfer that are currently unexplained in terms of known physical or biological mechanisms. ESP experiences are described below: 1. Telepathy – It is a direct communication from one mind to another without the usual visual, auditory and other sensory signals. 2. Clairvoyance – A perception of an event or fact without normal sensory input. 3. Precognition - The perception of an event that has not yet happened. 4. Out-of-body experience – Experiences involving the perception of one’s own body from outside, as another observer might see it. 5....
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