C- Operators: An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations. C language is rich in built-in operators and provides following type of operators: Arithmetic Operators: Following table shows all the arithmetic operators supported by C language. Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20 then: Operator Description Example A + B will give 30 A - B will give -10 A * B will give 200 B / A will give 2 B % A will give 0 A++ will give 11

+

Adds two operands

-

Subtracts second operand from the first

*

Multiply both operands

/

Divide numerator by de-numerator

%

Modulus Operator and remainder of after an integer division Increment operator increases integer value by one Decrement operator decreases integer value by one

++

--

A-- will give 9

Relational Operators: Following table shows all the relational operators supported by C language. Assume variable A holds 10 and variable B holds 20 then: Operator Description Checks if the value of two operands is equal or not, if yes then condition becomes true. Checks if the value of two operands is equal or not, if values are not equal then condition becomes true. Example (A == B) is not true.

==

!=

(A != B) is true.

>

Checks if the value of left operand is greater than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. Checks if the value of left operand is less than the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. Checks if the value of left operand is greater than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true. Checks if the value of left operand is less than or equal to the value of right operand, if yes then condition becomes true.

(A > B) is not true.

<

(A < B) is true.

>=

(A >= B) is not true.

postfix ++ and postfix –– prefix ++ and prefix –– sizeof & typecasts * + / – >> = % * +–~!

Left to right

Unary

Right to left

Unary Multiplicative Additive Bitwise shift Relational Equality Bitwise-AND Bitwiseexclusive-OR

Right to left Left to right Left to right Left to right Left to right Left to right Left to right Left to right

|

Bitwiseinclusive-OR

Left to right

&& ||

Logical-AND Logical-OR

Left to right Left to right

?:

Conditionalexpression

Right to left

= *= += ^= ,

/= |=

%= = &=

Simple and compound assignment2 Sequential evaluation

Right to left

–=

Left to right

Operators are listed in descending order of precedence. If several operators appear on the same line or in a group, they have equal precedence. All simple and compound-assignment operators have equal precedence. Compilers: A compiler is a program that translates a source program written in some highlevel programming language into machine code for some computer architecture. The generated machine code can be later executed many times against different data each time.