...London Prepared for the National Audit Office The views expressed in this paper are not necessarily those of the National Audit Office. Address of author Institute for the Study of Children, Families & Social Issues 7 Bedford Square London WC1B 3RA Email: e.melhuish@bbk.ac.uk Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 1. Introduction 1.1. The context of childcare research 1.2 Types of childcare and pre-school provision 1.3 Evidence on developmental effects 1.4 Structure of report 7 7 8 10 10 2. Childcare as intervention 2.1 Research methodology 2.2 Randomised Control Trials (RCTs) 2.2.1 Ypsilanti/High Scope/Perry Pre-school Study 2.2.2 Abecedarian Project 2.2.3 Project CARE 2.2.4 Milwaukee Project 2.2.5 Infant Health and Development Program (IHDP) 2.2.6 Early Head Start (EHS) 2.2.7 Hackney study Table 1: Summary of Randomised Control Trials of Interventions 2.3 Quasi-experimental Studies 2.3.1 Head Start 2.3.2 Chicago Child – Parent Center Program 2.3.3 Syracuse Study 2.3.4 Brookline Early Education Project 2.3.5 Diverse State-based programmes in the US 2.3.6 Meta-analyses and reviews Table 2: Summary of Quasi-experimental Evaluations of Interventions 2.3.7 Summary of childcare as intervention 12 12 12 12 13 14 15 16 16 18 20 21 21 24 25 25 26 27 29 30 3. Research of General Populations 3.1 Childcare (0-3 years) 3.1.1 Socio-emotional development 3.1.1.1 Attachment 3.1.1.2 Beyond...
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...EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE key lessons from research for policy makers An independent report submitted to the European Commission by the NESSE networks of experts www.nesse.fr EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE - KEY LESSONS FROM RESEARCH FOR POLICY MAKERS This is an independent report commissioned by the European Commission's DirectorateGeneral for Education and Culture. The views expressed are those of independent experts and do not necessarily represent the official position of the European Commission. The main author of this report is Helen Penn, currently Professor of Early Childhood in the Cass School of Education, University of East London, UK, and a member of the NESSE network of experts. Drafts of this report benefited from comments and advice from other NESSE network members and from other experts in this field. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. The electronic version of this report is available at: http://www.nesse.fr/nesse/activities/reports For further information on this report and for printed copies you can contact: Dr. Angelos Agalianos European Commission Directorate-General for Education and Culture Tel.: +32-2-29.55.098 © European Commission, 2009 ISBN: 978-92-79-12470-9 2 EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE - KEY LESSONS FROM RESEARCH FOR POLICY MAKERS FOREWORD Investing in quality Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) is crucial. It is at this stage that the foundations are laid for...
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...day care 5 Non-profit day care 5 Social Effects: 6 Developmental Skills: 7 Physical Skills: 8 Educational and Behavioral Effects: 8 Social problems and resolve: 9 Staff 9 Quality 10 Data 12 Pros and Cons Compared in Different Child Care Setup 16 Conclusion: 19 Works Cited 21 Executive Summary Many of the children in America and other economically developed nations are taken care by individuals who are neither their legal guardians nor their school instructors. Such organizations play a very important role in the overall development of the child, firstly they allow the parents to earn money for child’s future or in case of a single parent it allows the opportunity of employment to the parent, secondly it also helps in the development of the children by intervening in his normal course of study in his early years of studies, this mostly helps the children who are differently abled. This report brings out what is good for the development of the children, what a child care is all about and what is the viability of such an institutions? The basic motive of this paper is to bring out the positive and negative aspects of child care centres. Here, we give an outline of the quantity of kids being taken as subjects for our study; portray hypothesis and proof about the private's way kid consideration advertise; and examine hypothesis and confirmation about government policies in the child care business sector. Our synopsis proposes that extra research is important...
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...Opening a Quality Child Care Center A resource guide for starting a business and planning a child care center. Table of Contents: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 First Steps: Assessment, Market Analysis, Business Plan and Child Care Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Finding Your Facility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Design Considerations and Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Program Administration and Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . 17 Appendix A: Timeline for Start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Appendix B: Agencies and On-line Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Appendix C: Resources for Developing Polices/Procedures . . . . . 22 Appendix D: Classroom Equipment and Materials List . . . . . . . . 23 Appendix E: Care About Childcare Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Appendix F: Structural Rules from Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Appendix G: Accreditation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Appendix H: Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 State of Utah, Department of Workforce Services, Office of Child Care © 2012 Opening a Quality Child Care Center Introduction THE BUSINESS OF CHILD CARE Welcome to the world and work of child care! The purpose of this manual is to provide a prospective child care center...
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...The House of Lords an effective institution? an effective institution? Introduction Since the reform of the House of Lords in 1999 by Tony Blair’s ‘New Labour’ government, the status and legislative scope of the ‘upper house’ has steadily risen. Its role as a ‘revising chamber’, scrutinising bills sent to it from the House of Commons, is an important one. However, unlike upper houses in many modern democracies such as the Senate in the USA, theoretically it cannot stop, and at best can only delay, legislation sent from the Commons. As a largely appointed chamber, doubts remain as to its legitimacy and as recently as 2012 the government tried to replace the Lords with a largely elected chamber. This initiative however failed, perhaps partly because MPs were worried that a wholly elected Lords might in the future question the primacy of the Commons. Task Objective * This task requires you to explore the workings of the Lords and consider how effective it is as a parliamentary body. * It will ask you to consider whether the House of Lords should be reformed further. * It will guide you through a range of reading material and pose key questions for you to post on as you complete each section of reading. Task 1: Overview of Functions____________________________________________________________________ You can get a very quick overview of the role and work of the House of Lords by skim reading the following pamphlet and watching the YouTube clip: http://youtu...
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...Business School Department of Business System NEW ADVANCES IN BUSINESS 12-13TYAABSS007-3: INNOVATIVE MOTIVATION IN ECONOMIC CRISIS: THE FLEXIBLE BENEFITS SCHEMES BY Mai Ngoc Nguyen 1215894 An assignment submitted in partial fulfillment of the assessment for the New Advances in Business (12-13TYAABSS007-3) unit March 2013 * Contents Contents 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3 LIST OF FIGURES 3 LIST OF TABLES 3 1 Introduction 4 2 Literature review 6 3 The economic crisis and the transition in methods of motivation: The need for an innovate benefits package 9 3.1 Impacts of the economic crisis on employees and employers 9 3.2 The transition in methods of motivation: The need for an innovative benefits package 12 3.3 The traditional benefits package and its motivating effectiveness 14 4 The flexible approach to benefits provision in a gloomy economy 16 4.1 Effectiveness of the flexible benefits schemes in motivation 17 4.2 Factors affecting the motivating effectiveness of the flexible benefits schemes 18 4.3 Current issues influencing the adoption of the flexible benefits schemes 20 5 Conclusion 21 APPENDIX - Changes in the British WorkForce 22 REFERENCES 23 FURTHER READING 27 * EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In recent years, in the UK, both employees and employers have to bear negative impacts from the recession, especially employees with their financial difficulties and diverse needs. It is more important than ever for motivation. However...
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...Marketing Mix of Brainworks Day Care Centre for Children (Term Paper towards partial fulfilment of the assessment in the subject of Service Marketing) SUBMITTED BY: Apurva Zutshi Vth semester BBA(Hons.),LLB(Hons.) Roll no. 675 SUBMITTED TO: Dr. Archi Mathur Associate Professor Faculty of Management NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY JODHPUR Summer Session (July-November 2011) 1 INDEX Index No. 1. 2. Particulars Executive Summary Objectives Research Methodology Introduction- Marketing Mix Introduction- Day Care Industry & Brainworks Day Care Centre 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Product Data Tabulation Analysis Conclusion Recommendations Limitations Bibliography 14 16 22 31 32 34 35 Page No. 3 3 3 4 10 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Brainworks is a national chain of preschools and day care centres that provide a world class learning environment and scientifically researched curriculum to maximize development of children during the early childhood years. Brainworks believes in providing a rich, stimulating environment using an eclectic approach geared to match different learning styles in children and recent research on brain development. This project identifies and analyses the various elements of marketing mix as followed by Brainworks. Later it studies the impact of these elements on the organisation. The strengths and opportunities for growth have also been identified keeping in mind the day care industry industry. The Project also makes suggestions for improvement in the marketing...
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...education as a strategy in countering socio-economic disadvantage Research paper for Ofsted’s ‘Access and achievement in education 2013 review’ Professor Chris Pascal and Professor Tony Bertram UK Research Team: Sean Delaney, Selma Manjee, Marjory Perkins and Manja Plehn International Research Team: Alice Bennett, Carol Nelson, Sarina Razzak and Maureen Saunders Centre for Research in Early Childhood (CREC) © Centre for Research in Early Childhood (CREC) 2013 The views expressed in this report are the authors’ and do not necessarily reflect those of Ofsted. Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to Elizabeth Boulton at publishing@ofsted.gov.uk or Aviation House, 125 Kingsway, London WC2 6SE This publication is available at www.ofsted.gov.uk/accessandachievement. No. 130155-RR-005 In June 2012, Sir Michael Wilshaw, HMCI, stated his determination to address the issue of narrowing the gap of educational achievement between disadvantaged pupils and others. To support this intention, The Centre for Research in Early Childhood has been commissioned by OfSTED to conduct a review looking at the impact of Early Childhood Education (ECE) initiatives to combat social and economic disadvantage, both in the UK and internationally. This paper: Examines the impact of national and international initiatives in ECE over the last 10 years on the ...
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...industrielles, université laval - issn 0034-379X – ri/ir, 64-4, 2009, 555 – 574 555 Flexibility: Whose Choice Is It Anyway? Isik U. Zeytinoglu, Gordon B. Cooke and Sara L. Mann This paper examines whether flexible work schedules in Canada are created by employers for business reasons or to assist their workers achieve work-life balance. We focus on long workweek, flextime, compressed workweek, variable workweek length and/or variable workweek schedule. Statistics Canada’s 2003 Workplace and Employee Survey data linking employee microdata to workplace (i.e., employer) microdata are used in the analysis. Results show that more than half of the workers covered in this data have at least one of the five specified types of flexible work schedules. Employment status, unionized work, occupation, and sector are factors consistently associated with flexible work schedules. Personal characteristics such as marital status, dependent children, and childcare use are not significantly associated with flexible work schedules, and females are less likely to have a flexible work schedule than are males. Overall, results suggest that flexible work schedules are created for business reasons rather than individual worker interests. KEyWORDS: work schedules, non-standard work, work-life balance This paper examines whether flexible work schedules in Canada are created by employers for business reasons or to assist their workers achieve work-life balance. We first explore the prevalence...
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...differences in their work and family priority, perception of work-family relationship, national culture, conflict handling style, social support, work-family communication, and economic pressure. The implications to American managers are discussed. A SINO-U.S. COMPARISON OF WORK-FAMILY CONFLICT 3 A Sino-U.S. Comparison of Work-Family Conflict and Its Implications to American Managers Work-family conflict has been a concern of many researchers (Carlson & Kacmar, 2000; Greenhaus & Beutell, 1985). Studies showed that work-family conflict had negative impact on employees, their families, and organizations (Beutell & Witting-Berman, 1999; Burke, 1988; Frone & Cooper, 1992; Goff, Mount, & Jamison, 1990; Martins, Eddleston, & Veiga, 2002). Recent changes in demographic characteristics of the U.S. work force have resulted in greater work-family conflict. Examples of these demographic changes include the rising number of dual-worker families and working single mothers (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1999, 2000). It is becoming increasingly important for organizations to deal with issues arising from work-family conflict. Research showed that work-family conflict is related to value and culture (Schein, 1984). In another study, Carlson and Kacmar, (2000) found that life role values...
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...IMPACT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (HRM) PRACTICES ON EMPLOYEES RETENTION (A CASE STUDY OF EDUCATION AND BANKING SECTOR IN BAHAWALPUR) Muhammad Azhar Sheikh 1 Wusat-ul-Qamar 2 Fariha Iqbal 3 ____________________________________________________________ __________ Abstract: This research has been conducted to study the impact of HRM practices (career development opportunities, supervisor support, working environment, rewards and work-life policies) on employee retention in The Islamia University of Bahawalpur as well as the banks in Bahawalpur. The data collected through questionnaire from 101 respondents. The results show the positive relationship of above mentioned HRM practices with employee retention. Conclusions as well as directions for future research are discussed. INTRODUCTION EMPLOYEE RETENTION: During the last decade, the personnel/HRM field has shifted from a micro focus on individual HRM practices to a debate on how HRM as a more holistic management approach may contribute to the competitive advantage of the organizations. Three different perspectives have been used in recent researches on the relationship between HRM practices and organizational performance, organizational retention and organizational strategies. (Bjorkman and Pavlovskaya: 2000) A number of studies have found that managing turnover is a challenge for organizations, as different organizations using different approaches to retain employees (American Management Association, 2001).Employee...
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...Planning for Family-Friendly Communities Briefing Paper April 2010 Child care and community development by Kristen Anderson & Ellen Dektar, Local Investment in Child Care (LINCC) The American Planning Association (APA) has long recognized in its Policy Guide on the Provision of Child Care (1997) that child care is a critical component of livable communities for many families in urban, suburban and rural areas, and that local planning policies can play an important role in ensuring adequate child care. Whether by necessity or choice, the majority of parents work and many depend upon formal, organized out‐of‐home care. Since there is no federal or state universal child care system or guidelines for child care planning, most communities have supply gaps that are especially pronounced for infant/toddler age groups and lower income families. Preschool‐age programs (mostly part‐day) are proliferating nationally due to public awareness of the value of early learning. State spending on preschool increased from $2.4 billion to $4.2 billion nationwide between 2005 and 2007 (Wat, 2007). Similarly, federal and state spending on child care subsidies has more than tripled in the last decade, but most communities still face problems with inadequate supply of quality, affordable child care (Warner 2007). The majority of child care and part‐day preschool centers are run by private or nonprofit entities (rather than school districts or cities) and supported largely by parent fees ...
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...The Role of the Healthcare Provider by Joy Magness PhD APRN-BC Adolescent Pregnancy: Abstract: Although pregnancy rates have declined over the last 20 years, adolescents who become pregnant are viewed as a group at risk for adverse outcomes. In many instances, this view conflicts with the perception of the pregnant teen. Healthcare providers who work with this population have an essential role in ensuring a positive experience for the mother, father, and family network. This paper provides a brief review of adolescent pregnancy and the general role of the healthcare provider. Keywords: adolescent pregnancy, healthcare provider in adolescent pregnancy Adolescent pregnancy has been delineated as a social problem worthy of addressing from a prevention perspective in the Healthy People 2020 national objectives (Office of Population Affairs, 2010). Pregnancy between the ages of 10 and 19 has been portrayed as a crisis and associated with negative emotional, physical, and financial repercussions. United States taxpayers incur about 9 billion dollars per year secondary to teen childbearing expenses (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). Although adolescent pregnancy is not ideal for most life trajectories, it does not have to be regarded as an all-encompassing, unfavorable life event. Nurses are the health care providers who have the most prolonged interactions with women during the pregnancy, birth, and postpartum period; hence, they have a paramount role in...
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... | Age group: All Published: September 2010 Reference no: 100183 Contents Part 1. Safeguarding children and young people policy 4 Purpose of this document 4 The definition of safeguarding 5 Aims and objectives of the policy 6 Ofsted’s responsibilities 6 Future action 8 Part 2. Procedures for responding to specific child protection concerns about children at risk of significant harm 8 Section 1. Scope of the procedure 8 Section 2. Immediate action to take if, as a member of Ofsted staff, you observe abuse while it is taking place 10 Section 3. Immediate action to take if you receive an allegation of possible significant harm to a child or young person 11 Section 4. Identification of level of concern and next steps 13 Section 5. Subsequent action in all cases 14 Section 6. National Business Unit, CIE staff, and the Ofsted complaints team 15 Section 7. Allegations about a member of Ofsted staff 16 Section 8. Concerns arising during registration 16 Part 3. Safeguarding vulnerable adults 16 Policy and procedures 16 Annex 1. Definitions 20 Annex 2. Complaints or concerns about our staff 28 Annex 3. The legislative context 32 Annex 4. Safeguarding flowchart 43 Part 1. Safeguarding children and young people policy 1. Ofsted’s aim is to ensure, through effective inspection and regulation, that outcomes for children and young people are improved by...
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...collaboration with researchers. It draws together in a systematic way the available evidence about what works to improve education outcomes, and what can make a bigger difference for the education of all our children and young people. Prepared for the Ministry of Education Authors Linda Mitchell and Pam Cubey Copyright © Ministry of Education PO Box 1666 Wellington ISBN 0-478-18773-4 Web ISBN ISBN 0-478-18774-2 www.minedu.govt.nz Characteristics of professional development linked to enhanced pedagogy and children’s learning in early childhood settings Best Evidence Synthesis Report prepared for the New Zealand Ministry of Education Linda Mitchell and Pam Cubey July 2003 New Zealand Council for Educational Research P O Box 3237 Wellington New Zelaand CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Enhancing pedagogy Contributing to child outcomes Building linkages between early childhood settings and other settings Eight characteristics of effective professional development Structural features of effective professional development Professional development programmes Participants Professional...
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