...more than thirty years ago to slow the rate of population growth, not only had a marginal effect on the growth of the population, but also had the unintended consequence of a long-lasting negative impact on the Chinese economy. Abstract: The Chinese government imposed a single-child policy 34 years ago in response to a rapidly increasing population that was determined to be unsustainable. Last November, the government ended the policy. A careful review of the literature regarding the efficacy of the policy as well as examination of other factors that could have affected population growth was conducted. The result of this review confirmed that the policy—in and of itself--had only a marginal impact on the growth of the Chinese population. However, the policy resulted in a significant change in the demographics of the Chinese population, with the result of China having a significantly older population than many developed nations, but one that aged at a much faster rate. However, unlike these developed nations, neither the Chinese people nor their government is adequately prepared for this rapidly aged population. As a consequence, there will be significant long-lasting negative consequences on the Chinese economy, including a shortage in the work force, an inadequate health care system, insufficient senior living facilities, and an underfunded social welfare system to care for the elderly. Between 1949 and 1976, the population of China increased from 540 million to 940 million...
Words: 3480 - Pages: 14
...business with China. The population of China is over 1.35 billion. Since September 2013, it is officially and comfortably the largest country in the world (worldpopulationreview.com) and it has the largest share of the total online population. Around one-fifth of the world’s population, over 1 billion speakers, report some form of Chinese as their first language. In a report by independent research firm, Common Sense Advisory, “Business Globalization in 2020”, December 2007, it states that, in terms of biggest countries by GDP, “economists predict that by 2020, China will have moved up to second place behind the US.” Global brands and companies looking to tap into this giant economy have to take their translation and localization strategy seriously. We have all seen and heard funny stories about how brands have got the messaging wrong when advertising and marketing to China. YouTube is full of bad translation examples. Brand preservation is key for global companies, so localizing your brand is no laughing matter if you’re serious about expanding your reach into China. Global brands must consider the following when developing their localization strategy to tap into the Chinese market: China’s unique languages, culture and censorship. These three factors can present challenges for today’s global organizations. LANGUAGE: China has 292 living languages! The languages of China being the languages spoken by China’s 56 recognized ethnic groups. Chinese Mandarin has more than 1...
Words: 1345 - Pages: 6
...formed. The population then was made up of mostly workers. The Chinese families were paid to have babies. 1953 The Chinese population had grown to about 583 million people. The Chinese government no longer offered an incentive of pay to have babies. 1963 The Chinese government realized that the families continued to produce babies and they were headed for major problems. The Chinese government came out with, Later Sparcer Fewer Policy. The Policy encouraged Couples to have children later in life, space the births farther apart, and have fewer children. The problem with this policy was that there were already millions of people in China. 1979 Chinese government came up with an extreme plan of the One Child Policy. This policy allows citizens to pick up the birth before the birth of their child. 1980 The Birth Quota System was established to monitor population growth. Target goals were set for each region of the country. Local government officials were responsible for enforcing the population control rules and making sure they did not exceed the the limit they were allotted. Government officials were punished by law and loss of privileges if the pre-established goals were not met. 1980 ( SFPC) Population and Information Research Center was founded. SFPC was established so that different organizations could share information regarding population control. They are responsible for assimilating information and providing it the Chinese government...
Words: 688 - Pages: 3
...Policy? In the late 1970’s the Chinese government decided to introduce a number of measures to reduce the country’s birthrate and slow down the mass population growth. One of the greatest and most successful policies was the “One Child Policy”. This policy involves a couple only being allowed one child per family. In 1950 the rate of population change in China was 1.9%, an increase of around 1% would mean that the population would double in less than 24 years. The policy was established by the Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping in 1979, at first this was a temporary measure to limit childbirths but has been continued ever since. At first when the policy was introduced there were two major concerns, how it would affect the booming economy and society in general? Why was it introduced? When the “One Child Policy” was brought into action in 1979 China’s population was 975.4 million people, in 2012 the population of China is around 1.34 billion, this is a growth of 138%. Although this seems a lot China is slowly slowing down their population growth especially compared to India’s which has had a 180% increase. The most recent peak in fertility rates in China was in the late 1960’s when it was 5.91. When the “One Child Policy” was introduced the fertility rate of Chinese women was 2.91 and the country had to slow this down, as they would not have enough resources and a structured infrastructure for the country to keep growing. Previous Chinese governments had encouraged people...
Words: 1453 - Pages: 6
...has the most population in the world. This largest number in the world also represents that China has a great number of labor focus. But there are also lots of issues following the huge number of population, such as shortage of resources, limited space and so on. In order to solve these problems, the government of China has to take a series of actions to prevent the population growing too fast. So the governor of China instituted the One-Child policy to restrict the growing population. This policy was introduced in 1979 and initially applied to first-born children in the year of 1979. After more than 30 years carry out, the main goal of this policy was achieved. Under the influence, the growth rate declines apparently. In the 1970s, China’s growth rate was 3 percent; in the mid-1980’s, it was 1.2%; and today, China’s growth rate is 0.7 %”( Jackson & Eleen, 2001). On the other hand, this policy also causes several adverse consequences, including high rate of old-age, increased abortion rate, unexpected change of sex ration. There is no doubt this policy’s affection which is obvious. Even though the Chinese government within the pressure of human rights improvement has relaxed the policy and makes this policy more humanistic but some of people still consider the one child policy impact China in a more negative way. Therefore, I will introduce how does one child policy impact towards Chinese society in the below. On the current situation, even the Chinese government makes...
Words: 1807 - Pages: 8
...Little Emperor behavior and Heavy Burden 6 Conclusion 7 Reference: 8 Appendix: 9 Introduction Today, China is comforted the largest country in the world. The population of China is 1,354,040,000, which is confirmed by Chinese government in January 2013. China as the most populous country in the world has formulated a great national policy for population for population controlling, which is called One-Child policy, in 1970s last century. This great population policy has made big efforts on controlling Chinese population. Undoubtedly, One-Child policy has made historical contribution on the development of China in 34 years. Although Chinese One-Child policy controls the population growth effectively and contributes to Chinese economic development at the initial periods of implementing this policy, the One-Child policy still generates more and more negative impacts on current development in China. What is One-Child policy? During the administration of Chairman Mao Zedong, the crude birth rate decreased from 37 to 20 per thousand (Appendix, figure 1), infant mortality rate reduced sharply from 200 per thousand to 50 per thousand from 1945 to 1970 (Appendix, figure 2). In addition, life expectancy at birth increased from 35 years in 1945 to 63 years in 1976 (Appendix, figure 3). Until the 1960s, Chinese government encouraged families to have children as many as...
Words: 3366 - Pages: 14
...Contents 1.Population policy of Mongolia…………………………………4 1.1. History and background……………………………………………………4-6 1.2. Population policy:…………………………………………………………..6-7 1.2.1.One. Population growth and health:………………………………………8-9 1.2.2.Two . Food and housing: …………………………………………………9 1.2.3.Three. Education and employment: ………………………………………9 1.2.4.Four. Distribution and migration: ………………………………………...10 1.2.5.Five. Registration, information and research: …………………………….11 1.2.6.Six. Link between population and sustainable development; …………….11 1.2.7.Seven. Status of family and social groups:………………………………..11 1.2.8. Eight. Administration of population policies and resources: …………….11-12 2. Population policy of China…………………………………….12 2.1. Population of China………………………………………………………...12-15 2.1.1.Ethnicity and Religion in China…………………………………………...15 2.1.2.One-child policy…………………………………………………………...15-16 2.1.3.Recent Effects of the One Child Law……………………………………..16-17 2.1.4.The Future of China's One Child Law…………………………………….17 3. Conclusion……………………………………………………….18-19 Population policy (Comparing China to Mongolia) 1.Population policy of Mongolia Mongolia's population is sparsely distributed, young, and increasing rapidly. With an estimated midyear 1990 population of 2,125,463, the average population density was 1.36 people per square kilometer. The rate of natural increase was the result of high birthrates and of death rates that were relatively low by world standards...
Words: 4495 - Pages: 18
...Introduction Policies regarding population development are a major factor towards determining China’s future economic prospects. China is the most populous country in the world, doubling its population over the last 60 years (Lee & Qingjun 58). For the rapid population growth that China has achieved over the last few decades, controlling and monitoring the growth of the population has been at the core of the country’s administration. Policies have to be implemented that actively seek to implement demographic recommendations and stipulations with the aim of developing a sustainable population base compatible with the economy. Institution of population control legislation such as the one-child policy has effectively controlled the mushrooming population growth that distinguished China from the other world demographics. The result of the population control policy in the face of reduced death rates and low fertility rates has painted a grim picture for the Chinese economy. The result of the envisaged scenario is an increase of the number of old people in the country and a continual decline in the number of young people. This paper focuses on highlighting the potential challenges the country faces from having a reduced young workforce in an economy growing at a phenomenal rate. Due to the overhanging specter of an unsustainable population in the country with unchecked reproduction, the government imposed a policy of ‘controlled reproduction’ (Lapham 34). The Chinese demographics have changed...
Words: 2419 - Pages: 10
...China’s Demographic Transition Model The Chinese ‘One-Child Policy’ was introduced in 1978 by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping. His aim was to limit communist China's population growth by limiting couples t6o only one child. Although designated a "temporary measure," it still continues to be in use a 25 years after it was established. In this time the rule has been estimated to have reduced population growth in the country of over 1.3 billion by as much as 300 million people in the first twenty years. During Mao Zedong’s leadership of China infant mortality declined from 227 births in 1949 to 53 in 1981 per 1000 live births, and life expectancy dramatically increased from around 35 in 1949 to 66 years in 1976. The policy was introduced because up until the 1960s, the government encouraged families to have as many children as possible this is due to president Mao Zedong’s belief that population growth empowered the country. He prevented the rise of family planning programs thus increasing birth rates. The population grew from around 540 million in 1949 to 940 million in 1976. Several years later Song Jian, one of china’s top officials read the books ‘The Limits of Growth’ and ‘A Blue Print For Survival’, he then went onto calculate the correct population for China to be 700 million, 240million less than the population at the time. The One-Child policy was introduced to reduce China’s population to this optimum level by 2080. Each Chinese couple was restricted to only one Child...
Words: 998 - Pages: 4
...Name Professor’s / Tutor’s Name The Course Number 1 November 2015 Chinese Sex Ratio Imbalance issue 1.0 Introduction According to (Wallace, 415), Chinese economic growth and performance are facing increasing challenges such as contraction of the workforce and slow economic growth. These challenges have been attributed to complications resulting from increasing sex ratio at birth. China has been worst hit by high business cycles such as economic downturn due to the gender imbalance. The complications of gender imbalance have led to severe economic and social problems (Nazareth, 118). The consequences of sex inequality have also resulted in increasing proportion of the low skilled male population. It is estimated that this proportion of low-skilled men could be as high 1:4 by the year 2030.Economists have outlined that reducing sex ratio imbalance might take several decades to bore fruits (Wallace, 321). However, the positive impacts of the reduced population of small unskilled male crime and disaffection could overcome the losses accrued from the higher population and decreased savings (Golley, Jane & Rodney, 197). As per the UN population statistics, China sex ratio got to 120 in the period between 2005 and 2010 compared to an average sex world rate of 107.These statistics made China to a gender imbalance with a high number of women population. This action has been coined as “missing women”. “Missing women” have continued to increase worldwide as the proportion of...
Words: 1518 - Pages: 7
...China’s issue with overpopulation has been a difficult problem to solve for a long time. The Chinese population is one fifth of the world’s population, and China has the biggest land in Asia. Population’s increasing role in consumption can have serious environmental affects on one nation. Moreover, as people consume more, if the population increases more and more, it can cause exhaustion of resources, pollution by industries, decrease the supply of food and hurt the environment. China was overpopulated sharply before the Chinese government provided the family planning policy of "one child per family". Because of overpopulation, the Chinese government needed to provide the family planning policy of "one child per family." However, the policy caused some side effects on the population. The results are imbalance between developed and undeveloped areas, unbalance of male and female, preference of bearing only male children and increasing of selective-sex abortions. Although China has succeeded with its “one child” policy in the eastern area, the western area of China which is undeveloped still has couples who have two or even more than three children. The eastern area’s residents who live in big cities adhere easily to “one child per a family” policy, but western area’s residents who live in rural area need more than one child. If they have only one child, they cannot be productive in their agriculture; Also the preference of bearing only male children caused an unbalance of male...
Words: 1456 - Pages: 6
...means to ensure that their only child is a son. There are 117 men to each 100 women in China (Goodkind, 2004). In the 1979, when the one-child policy was enacted, the intention was not to create this imbalance, but to control the population of a rapidly growing nation. Unfortunately the one-child policy as it stands, illustrates a cultural favoritism toward males, and degradation of women to a lower social status in which they have little control of their reproductive rights. In communist China, prior to the population boom, more people meant more manpower to create more economic prospects for the communist nation. The communist government condemned birth control and banned imports of contraceptives (Attane, 2002). Lack of birth control, and government encouragement led China into a time of vast population increase. Hundreds of millions of extra children were born in a baby boom that sent the birth rate soaring to 5.8 children per couple, a level considered unsustainable (Cai &ump; Lavely, 2003). With an increasingly growing population, food sources began to become depleted, and soon it became clear that the rate of reproduction needed to be decreased. To begin, government propaganda cropped up, pushing the slogan, "Late, Long and Few". Chinese couples were encouraged to have children later in life, have greater lengths of time between...
Words: 2958 - Pages: 12
...What’s Chinese one-child Policy and what’s the influence As we all know, China is the most population country in the world. On this essay, we will focus on how Chinese Government do to prevent the population growth and keep their TDR (Total Dependency Ration) in an acceptable level, which is known for us about the famous Chinese one-child policy. Then we also keep an eye on these two important problems: Chinese imbalance Sex Ratio and Chinese horrible high abortion rate. Now, let’s see the picture list below: Indicators | China | World Average | Population mid-2013 (millions) | 1,357 | 7,137 | Projected Population mid-2050 (millions) | 1,314 | 9.727 | 2050 Population as a Multiple of 2013 | 1 | 1.4 | Rate of Natural Increase: RNI | 0.5 | 1.2 | Crude Birth Rate: CBR (Births per 1,000 population) | 12 | 20 | Total Fertility Rate: TFR | 1.5 | 2.5 | Crude Death Rate: CDR (Deaths per 1,000 population) | 7 | 8 | Percent of Population (15-49) with HIV/AIDS | <0.1 | 0.8 | Infant Mortality Rate: IMR (deaths <1 year of age per 1,000 live births) | 16 | 14 | Life Expectancy at Birth (Both sexes, in years) | 75 | 70 | Youth Dependency Ratio: YDR | 21.3 | 39.4 | Elderly Dependency Ratio: EDR | 12 | 12.1 | Percent Urban | 53 | 52 | As the picture shows to us the most highlight part of this table needs to be focused is that at this time Chinese population is about 19.6% in the whole world’s population. But when it comes to the Projected Population mid –...
Words: 1451 - Pages: 6
...CHINA China is the world’s most populated country with the population of 1.3 billion people. Since there were so many people in China they had to think about a way to control population so this is where the one-child policy was made. It officially restricts married, urban couples to having only one child, while allowing exemptions for several cases, including twins. This policy was introduced in 1978 and initially applied to first-born children from 1979. a spooky, nocturnal Halloween favourite, the Chinese consider bats as symbol of good luck and can often be found in pottery, designs and other arts and crafts, creating good luck for those who decorate with bats. Another differing perception between East and West to go along in this category is the dragon. Westerners usually see the dragon in an evil role, yet in China the dragon holds a place as one of the four greatest creatures from mythological sense. The dragon is also often seen together with the emperor, so surely it is indicative of power and prestige. NOODLES Chinese noodles are generally made from either wheat flour, rice flour, or mung bean starch, with wheat noodles being more commonly produced and consumed in northern China and rice noodles being more typical of southern China. Egg, lye, and cereal may also be added to noodles made from wheat flour in order to give the noodles a different colour or flavor. Egg whites, Arrowroot or tapioca starch are sometimes added to the flour mixture in low quantities to change...
Words: 1404 - Pages: 6
...PESTEL analysis for China Outlined below is the PESTEL analysis for China as a whole. 1) Political Factors i. Constitutional System China or People’s Republic of China adopts socialist system or communism in their political system in their decision-making processes in governing the country. The country’s sole political party in power is known as the Communist Party of China. The government have the sole power to control all activities done by their citizen as what have been describe in how communism system worked in governing a country. In other words, the purposes of working in China are to contribute to the nation and also to the government as the government control on all activities in the country. ii. Stability of Government The stability of the China government is quite moderate and stable because the administration of the government are not publicize to the public either through the press or on the internet. So, the degree of the citizen involvement in the politics is low because of the heavy restrictions impose by the government. However, the policies impose and the law regulations are quite effective in terms of economy where China is one of the leading countries in the world. In the recent years (2001), China has joined the World Trade Organization and results rapid growth in industrial and manufacturing sectors because of the cheap labor in China. But still problems such as managing environmental degradation, demographic pressure and the extreme immigration...
Words: 1960 - Pages: 8
