...Culture A Paper Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Business Administration In Partial Fulfillment of Course Requirements For B7312- Cultural Marketing Access – Module I - Assignment 1 Spring II, 2013 For The Doctor of Business Administration Degree, D.B.A. David F. Black, B.A., M.B.A., C.D.P. Dr. Cliff Butler Argosy University/Seattle March 11, 2013 © Abstract This paper provides a summary review of B7312, Cultural Marketing Online Argosy Module I, a comparison of two different definitions of culture (Webster) (CARLA). An additional element of contrasting these two definitions is also provided. The overview provides discussion points for the classes of March 7th & 18th, 2013 or sooner as defined by Dr. Butler. Perspectives This paper is submitted in partial fulfillment of the B7312 Course Module I Assignment 1 for the Cultural Marketing Online Course Class on March 7, 2013, B7312, Spring II, 2013, Dr. Cliff Butler, AU-Seattle. Summary of Assignment This student is to write a talking-points paper for the selected definitions of culture as outlined in B7312 Cultural Marketing. After the two out of hundreds (Kluckholn) (CARLA) of cultural definitions are selected, this Doctoral candidate is to compare and contrast them. For this paper, the two selected definitions are from the Merriam-Webster Dictionary(Webster)...
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...effect of cultural distance on entry mode choice: the moderating effect of language diversity Name: Rajae El Aiachi Student number: 10202773 Teacher: Dr Johan Lindeque MSc. In Business Administration – Theories of International Management Date: 27-09-2015 Abstract (50 Words) Previous studies have shown that the choice of entry mode depends on various types of aspects, containing also cultural distance between countries (Arora and Fosfuri, 2000). However, there is not a lot of consensus among these articles. A few articles mentioned the effect of language distance on entry mode choice. Keywords: Cultural distance, entry mode choice and language distance 1. Introduction In this time of globalization a lot of companies are expanding their international business activities in overseas market. The ways in which firms are expanding their business in overseas market differ per enterprise and country. The hierarchical model of market entry modes by Pan and Tse (2000) shows that there are different choices of entry modes. Entry modes can be seen as equity-based versus non-equity based. Within equity-based modes, there is a division between equity joint ventures and wholly owned operations. Within nonequity based modes, there is a division between export and contractual agreements. Prior research demonstrated that the choice of entry modes rely upon different types of components. Especially, a lot of previous studies focused on the effect of cultural distance ...
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...45 2014 January International Business Studies and the Imperative of Context. Exploring the ‘Black Whole’ in Institutional Theory Michael Jakobsen ©Copyright is held by the author or authors of each Discussion Paper. Copenhagen Discussion Papers cannot be republished, reprinted, or reproduced in any format without the permission of the paper's author or authors. Note: The views expressed in each paper are those of the author or authors of the paper. They do not represent the views of the Asia Research Centre or Copenhagen Business School. Editor of the Copenhagen Discussion Papers: Associate Professor Michael Jacobsen Asia Research Centre Copenhagen Business School Porcelænshaven 24 DK-2000 Frederiksberg Denmark Tel.: (+45) 3815 3396 Email: mj.int@cbs.dk www.cbs.dk/arc International Business Studies and the Imperative of Context. Exploring the ‘Black Whole’ in Institutional Theory Michael Jakobsen Associate Professor Asia Research Centre Copenhagen Business School mj.int@cbs.dk Abstract The aim of this article is to take a critical look at how to perceive informal institutions within institutional theory. Douglas North in his early works on institutional theory divided the national institutional framework into two main categories, formal and informal institution or constraints as he called them. The formal constraints consisted of political rules, judicial decisions and economic contracts, whereas informal constraints consisted of socially sanctioned norms...
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...design educator’s attitude toward teaching design and culture in the current age? We encounter dilemmas in global design, the results of which are sometimes almost identical regardless of unique settings because of our tendency to grasp design as a whole with respect to particular style or trend without fully apprehending the core and the deviation. Perceiving the entire design project as a mere symbolic expression also hinders our true understanding of design and culture. In this article, I attempt to answer fundamental questions regarding the complex, innate relationship between design and culture and suggest restructuring a conceptual framework applicable to related research and education that effectively reveals the multi faceted characteristics of design and culture in the present age. From the perspective of morphology, current individual design practice can be redefined as one entity comprising two coexisting components: One is a set of particular principles that construe a certain design pattern or type of design practice, and the other is another set of morphed elements embedded in design that reflects the context. The conceptual framework on which this article is based derives from George Kubler’s...
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...Mäori & Public Health: Ethics A discussion paper Preamble Being asked to write a paper on Mäori perspectives on Public Health ethics raises issues for me. Some years ago my research colleagues and I invited Moana Jackson to participate in a project on genetic engineering. Our first question for him was along the lines of whether Mäori had a ‘unique perspective’ on genetic engineering. It was then that we received our lesson about the use of the word ‘perspective’ (Cram, Pihama & Philip-Barbara, 2000:66-67). Moana said that, ‘The word perspective to me is interesting. It assumes that there is something that is a given upon which Mäori can be expected to have a valid point of view. The moment you do that you situate the Päkehä model as the truth; and you ask Mäori to give a view on it. I think there are Mäori truths and they exist independently of whatever Päkehä view as reality or truth and to seek a Mäori perspective is to legitimate the Päkehä perspective on the issue. So to ask for a Mäori perspective on say the use of land is to validate the Päkehä concepts of property and seek to fit a Mäori view of that within it. Whereas what we should begin with is: what is the Mäori truth on land and how does that sit alongside, rather then fit within, the Päkehä view?’ Perhaps even more scary than asking whether there is a Mäori ‘perspective’ on Public Health ethics is the thought of asking what the Mäori ‘truth’ about Public Health ethics is. Once again, Moana is able...
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...Quality management: a cross-cultural perspective -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Document Information: Title: Quality management: a cross-cultural perspective Author(s): Alessandra Vecchi, (School of Business, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland), Louis Brennan, (School of Business, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland) Citation: Alessandra Vecchi, Louis Brennan, (2009) "Quality management: a cross-cultural perspective", Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, Vol. 16 Iss: 2, pp.149 - 164 Keywords: Cross-cultural studies, Culture, Quality management, Strategic manufacturing Article type: Research paper DOI: 10.1108/13527600910953900 (Permanent URL) Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Abstract: Purpose – The aim of this paper is to present the results of a survey administered across 23 countries that examines quality priorities, practices and performance by adopting Hofstede's national cultural framework. The purpose of this study is to test the validity of the “culture-specific” argument as an explanatory construct for explaining quality management. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected in 2006 as part of the IV iteration of the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey. The methodology involved the use of a self-administered questionnaire to director/head of operations/manufacturing in best practice firms within the sector of firms classified by ISIC codes (rev.3.1) Divisions...
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...generally will be to make as much money as possible while conforming to their basic rules of the society, both those embodied in law and those embodied in ethical custom.” The decision-making process and hence ethicality of the decisions in such organisations is greatly influenced by the culture of the workforce. Bartels (1967) was one of the first to note the importance of the role of culture in ethical decision-making. There are different studies which discuss the diversity of ethical decision-making based on different perspective for example, Vitell, Nwachukwu and Barnes, 1993 discuss the effect of culture on ethical decision-making with the help of Hofsted’s typology while Patel and Schaefer, 2009 discuss the same with the help of Douglasian Cultural Theory (CT) perspective in the Indian context. Summary Patel and Schaefer’s article discusses the impact of culture on ethical decision-making from a Douglasian Cultural Theory (CT) perspective. It explains the dynamic ethical behaviour of the individual with four solidarities of CT. The Article also discusses the business ethics in the Indian context. Authors argue that applying static conception of culture to the process of ethical...
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... Apichai Chatchutimakorn College of Business, McNeese State University Kayla Gradney College of Business, McNeese State University Kochakan Rattanametangkul McNeese State University katekochakan@yahoo.com Received: September 14, 2010 Abstract The aim of this paper is to examine the relationships between organizational justice and the factors that characterize cultural differences. This paper begins by briefly summarizing the nature of organizational justice and by identifying how justice is perceived. Hofstede’s five factors of cultural dimension model, which he developed in his seminal 1980 research on national cultures, is utilized to present characteristics of cultural differences. Ten propositions are then offered which relate to organizational justice and differences in cultural perspectives. These propositions suggest specific management approaches that organizational leaders can adopt to be more effective in dealing with employees from respective cultures. This paper concludes by identifying the importance of understanding the relationship between organizational justice and national culture and suggests research opportunities of benefit to both scholars and practitioners. Keywords: Organizational justice, Cultural differences, Organizational fairness 1. Introduction In a business world that has become both increasingly complex and globally competitive (Cameron, 2003; Dowling, Festing & Engle, 2009), a...
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...Research Proposal (Ⅰ) Proposed Title (Ⅱ) Introduction (Ⅲ) Brief Literature Review ·Political, Economic and EMJOS ·Cross-cultural and EMJOS ·Gender and EMJOS (Ⅳ)Methodology ·Pilot and Measurement ·Questionnaires ·Individual Interviews ·Comparative Analysis ·Statistic Analysis (Ⅴ)Proposal Research Time-Table (Ⅵ)References (Ⅶ)Appendix (Ⅰ) Proposed Title The Discussion of Education Migration in Metropolises—Based on Japanese Overseas Students (Ⅱ) Introduction The problem of Education Migration has been becoming an international tendency globally in recent years, especially the Japanese Overseas Students (JOS), particularly in metropolises (this research includes three metropolises: Tianjin, Shanghai and Hong Kong). According to current official statistics, the number of Japanese Overseas Students with a bachelor’s degree at above studying in Tianjin (TJ) accounted for 1,906, 1,681, and 1,971 respectively in 2010, 2011, and 2012, dramatically doubling that of a decade ago. As a result of the above situations, I could not help coming up with the questions like why they are primarily female students and what education migration of Japanese Overseas Students (EMJOS) could bring to the political, economic and cross-cultural aspects of TJ society as well as what attitude we should harbour towards this trend (Appendix 1). I will compare EMJOS with two other metropolises in order to make...
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...1 INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: ITS IMPORTANCE TO VARIOUS CAREER FIELDS AND PERSPECTIVE BY VARIOUS AUTHORS Priscilla N. Gitimu Doctoral Student Southern Illinois University Carbondale Department of Workforce Education and Development 311G Quigley Hall Southern Illinois University at Carbondale Carbondale, IL 62901-4605 618-453-1982 ukic@siu.edu 2 ABSTRACT Intercultural communication refers to messages transmitted between members of two or more different societies Globalization has made intercultural communication inevitable. Communicating with other cultures characterizes today’s business, classroom, and community. Technology especially the internet has increased the probability that whatever is documented online will be read by someone from another culture. Intercultural communication is of importance in any career field thus the art of knowing how to communicate with other cultures should be a work place skill that is emphasized. This is a conceptual paper whose purpose is two fold. First the paper gives a synopsis of the importance of efficient and competent intercultural communication in various career fields; namely, education, business, medicine and in counseling. Secondly, the paper presents studies and perspectives that various authors have on intercultural communication. INTRODUCTION Globalization has made intercultural communication inevitable. Communicating with other cultures characterizes today’s business, classroom, and community. Hence...
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...Achievements, Future Challenges HOSPITALITY: A SOCIAL LENS: CHALLENGING THE EXISTING ORDER Paul Lynch University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom paul.lynch@strath.ac.uk Alison Morrison University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom ABSTRACT This paper locates developments in hospitality research, notably relating to hospitality studies, in the context of Kuhn’s (1962) evolution of scientific theory. The paper highlights the development of the ‘hospitality lens’ by Lashley, Lynch and Morrison (2007) and suggests it can facilitate the study of hospitality in any social situation from a strengthened social scientific perspective. It is argued that the study of hospitality should be not just for understanding hospitality but also society itself. Such an approach is suggested as both logical and healthy for the subject development with adoption of more critical perspectives on hospitality. The considerable implications of adopting a ‘new’ hospitality research agenda are described with reference to the conceptualization of hospitality, the nature of research and the research community, subject implications including journal publication outlets, and the higher education context. Keywords: Hospitality lens; ‘new’ hospitality; subject development. INTRODUCTION This paper moves beyond any pre-occupation with the vocational roots of hospitality higher education debate as it is considered that that debate has had its day. Rather, the content is framed within the discourse commenced by Kuhn (1962) who argues...
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...Introduction to cross-cultural psychology In each society there are different beliefs, when it comes to psychological disorders many cultural believe that disorders can be caused by demons that have taken over there mind and body. To obtain a better understanding of how different cultural view psychology this paper will define cultural and cross-cultural beliefs. The next step will be to analyze the relationship between cultural and cross cultural psychology this leads to the discussion of the role of critical thinking in cross- cultural psychology. Last the paper will discuss the methodology associated with cross-cultural research. Define cultural and cross-cultural psychology Each human does not get to choice the cultural that they will be placed in. From birth to adulthood the culture that we learn and live in is chosen for us by our caregivers. Culture is defined as a set of behaviors, symbols, and attitudes that are shared among a large group of people and this is usually been passed down from one generation to the next (Shiraev & Levy, 2010). The behaviors that are learned can be customs, traditions, habits, and fashions. Symbols are a form of material objects (Shiraev & Levy, 2010). Attitudes are beliefs that include political, religious, moral views and can include opinions, superstitions, and stereotypes (Shiraev & Levy, 2010). Although some cultures may have some attributes that are similar there are no two cultures that are the same. This is why it is important...
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...SOC 322 Complete Class Discussions and Assignments Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwcampus.com/shop/soc-322-complete-class/ Discussion Forum 1 Discussion Forum 1: What is your cultural background, and what is it like where you live? In Discussion Forum 1, post your response to the following discussion questions. Reply to at least two classmates’ responses by the date indicated in the course Calendar. 1. What is your cultural background, and what is it like where you live? 2. Describe how you have encountered the strange in the familiar in your own neighborhood or in some other place and what reference groups do people use in your neighborhood to define what is culturally and socially appropriate habitus? 3. In your neighborhood, are there ways that the people create social distance to separate themselves from others unlike them even to the point of being ethnocentric? CO1, CO7 Discussion Forum 2 Discussion Forum 2: Cultural Experiences In Discussion Forum 2, post your response to the following discussion question. Reply to at least two classmates’ responses by the date indicated in the course Calendar. Using a blend of your own experiences, supported by your understanding of the course readings and key terms integrate the following questions into your discussion board posting. It should be three strong paragraphs of 4 – 5 sentences in each paragraph. Then respond to at least two colleagues with an antithesis question on their posting. 4. Culture...
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...https://gumroad.com/l/Teayh SOC Final Paper Final Paper To complete this assignment, read through the scenario below and address the specific questions and issues indicated. Review the "Introduction to the Miller Family" document for specific information on each member of the family. Grandmother Ella has been dealing with cancer for years now and has tried alternative remedies and juicing. She went into remission for some time, but now the cancer has returned and she is in the hospital. Her husband, of American Indian descent, has his ideas about what needs to be done as Ella comes to the end of her life. Ella has her preferences, though she is now so weak that she has given up in many ways. The family members are each experiencing their own fears and are grieving as they face the loss that will occur as Ella’s life comes to a close. Ella prefers to die at home and has felt stressed by the discord and discomfort of family members since being hospitalized. You are the social worker for this case. You meet this family in the hospital setting as they are considering whether the patient will remain there for her final days or whether hospice and palliative care will be provided for her in her home. For this assignment, you will: Synthesize the current research that is relevant to this scenario. Discuss the cultural or traditional issues that could arise at this time. Consider how the integration of alternative and complementary medicine and beliefs, mainstream...
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...This semester’s research topic revolved around the Menominee Native American Chief Oshkosh the Brave, who was appointed leader of the Menominees in 1827. It expanded to include his son Chief Neopit Oshkosh, appointed in 1871, and to his grandson Reginald who was unofficially named as chief in 1913 because I needed to understand the differences in how white Americans remember and revere these individuals compared to how Menominee historians remember them but ended up finding more differences in how different white scholars remember them. Consequently, my historiographical paper is on Reginald Oshkosh (which I believe I will focus on for my Fellowship research), but I foresee my Capstone project needing to be narrowed to only include Chief...
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