...Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child Development Gloria Moore MFCC 537 October 17, 2015 Professor Timothy Docheff Influence of Culture on Parenting Practices and Child Development Parenting practices and child development have a strong correlation. “Parents often like to think that children are immune to the stressful complexities and troubles of the rapidly changing adult world” (Henderson, 2011). Many adults underestimate the perception of children to the world and, therefore, believing concerns of the child do not matter. There are numerous factors involved in the developing child such as family constellation, home environment, peer pressures, and societal stresses. “The family, school, community, and many other variables enhance or impede a child’s well-being.” (Henderson, 2011). An examination of the effect of environmental stressors on a child's health and wellbeing is provided. A glance at how cultural differences in parenting influence a child's developments is mentioned. Additionally, how secure attachment and problematic family relationships affect a child's wellbeing. Equally important are the factors contributing to attachment concerns during the child development, such as newly formed blended family. Effects of Environmental Stressors “Crime, corrupt public figures, a world full of tension, war, and the threat of terrorism that may strike anywhere at any time also create an environment of uncertainty and fear” (Henderson, 2011, p. 9)...
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...Child Growth and Development Module 1: Principles of Child Growth and Development 1 Icons This icon represents a new topic in the text. This is a visual cue for you to answer any questions about the previous section before moving along to the next one. This icon is used to identify an exercise that involves in-class practice and feedback. This icon is used to identify a specially designed activity that requires active class participation. This icon is used to identify a section that is accompanied by a video. Child Growth and Development 2 Icons This icon is used to identify a section where the participants should add items to their ―Do’s and Don’ts‖ list. This icon is used to identify an exercise that involves a role-playing scenario. This icon is used to identify the use of a transparency related to the material in this section. This icon is used to identify a key point in the material. Child Growth and Development 3 p.2 We often hear people refer to children’s growth and development. Are ―growth‖ and ―development‖ the same thing? What does each of these terms mean? •Growth refers to specific body changes and increases in the child’s size (such as:height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index). These size changes can easily be measured. Growth •Development typically refers to an increase in complexity (a change from simple to more complex) Involves a progression along a continuing pathway on which the child aquires more refined...
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...Berger states that, “The science of human development seeks to understand how and why people— all kinds of people, everywhere, of every age—change over time. This definition has three crucial elements: science, people, and change” (2012). The science in development is known as multidisciplinary; which means from scientists from many academic disciplines biology, psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics all contribute to our understanding of human development (Berger, 2012). Children have a set of universal developmental milestones that they will all reach upon a certain time. When children are meeting their developmental milestones there are factors that can come into play that can cause the milestones to vary such as cultural, biological, and environmental. Different cultures have different expectations for their children that can affect their developmental milestones. A milestone that is expected from a specific culture is known as cultural milestone. For instance the Chinese culture used to bind young girls feet, which would hinder their bone development and could also affect the way that they walked (Karasik, Adolph, Tamis-LeMonda, Bornstein, 2010). Cultural milestones can affect the child from reaching or progressing a universal milestone. Another way that development can vary is due to biology or the genetics that are passed down. The interaction of genes from the mother and genes from the father affects the embryo’s growth in many ways (Berger, 2012). Genetics...
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...determined by sampling educated families from each of the selected State, local government, and villages in Southeast Nigeria. Forty six item questionnaires were used for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using frequency, and mean. The findings include: environmental factor, finance, parental practices among others are factors that determine child readiness and practices in southeast Nigeria; Recommendations on appropriate School Readiness Factor and Practice of Children in Families n southeast Nigeria were made based on the research findings. KEYWORDS: xraying, school readiness, practice, children, families Introduction (Background of the study) Readiness is a term used to describe preparation for what is next to take place. School readiness factor and practice of children are the preparation, practice and teaching to the individual child to be ready for school in the family, though according to experts, readiness has no single definition. Karoly,, Kilburn, Cannon (2005) experts identify that readiness is a multifaceted concept that goes beyond academic and cognitive skills to include physical, social, and emotional development, as well as approaches to learning. X-raying school readiness factor and practice of children in families (a case study of Southeast Nigeria) is a proper and careful extraction of how children...
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...person will go through a number of phases of development that will continue throughout his or her lifespan. The first step of development begins during infancy in which the development cycle will continue through his or her childhood, adolescence, adulthood along into his or her elderly stage of life. This assignment will discuss the similarities and differences in adolescent development on both males and females. The adolescent stage is when a human reaches the age of 12 to 19 years of age. Males as well as females will go through different stages of life that will stay with each gender throughout his or her lifespan. Is the experience of being an adolescent the same for males and females? Both male Both genders are unique; For example, various personalities along with life experiences. An adolescent can be influenced by a number of factors which include but are not limited to physical development, cognitive development, emotional development and social development. Both genders will go through all four stages of development in his or her own way. When a girl goes through the age of eight to eleven, they tend to be androgynous. A girl in this age group will view themselves as strong and confident as well as not afraid to express her feelings on what she may think about specific issues. Once she cross over into adolescence, she will begin to experience more pressure toward rigid conceptions of her gender role of development. According to the text, once a girl hit...
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...Table of Contents Page 1. Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Reasons for Assessing Young Children……………………………………………………….. 3. Tests for Infants and Preschoolers……………………………………………………………… 3 4 5 4. Factors of Childhood Assessment……………………………………………………………….. 6 4.1 Characteristics of the Child……………………………………………………….. 4.2 Social Context of Assessment……………………………………………………. 6 8 4.3 The Examination Context of Assessment…………..………………………. 12 4.4 The Test as a Method of Assessment….……………………………………… 14 5. Principles of Assessment……………………………………………………………………………… 15 6. Predictive Validity of Early Childhood Assessment………………………………………. 19 7. Ethical Considerations of Assessing Young Children……………………………………. 20 8. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………………… 21 9. Maya’s Assessment……………………………………………………………………………………… 23 10. References………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28 2|Page ASSIGNMENT 03 – PYC4807 – STUDENT NUMBER 30440351 1. Introduction Children develop at different rates and in different ways. Parents and caregivers who are concerned about a child's development would seek developmental assessment and intervention from a health professional in order to support that child to reach his/her maximum potential. Young children are difficult to assess due to their high activity levels, distractibility, short attention span, and limited ability to concentrate. As a result, the assessment practitioner needs to have a good knowledge on how to work with children (Tutorial Letter...
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...Assignment Discuss the key aspects of Early Years child development in the contexts of providing support an appropriate child care setting Page 1 This essay will look at the key aspects of early Years child development in the contexts of providing support in an appropriate child care setting. The early years of a child’s life are the most important in terms of their general well-being, their emotional and social development, and their physical, intellectual and emotional growth. Bruce and Meggitt, (1999) claim that children learn more in the first five years than in the whole of their lives, thus supporting the importance of good quality early intervention in a child’s learning and development. As children grow and develop in a myriad of ways there are several theories of child development, each suggesting that children develop in a similar way, yet each also stresses that different parts of development are of primary importance. Maslow (1970) cited in Hartley-Brewer (1998) believes that children cannot learn and develop until their basic needs are met such as food, warmth and security. When these are met then a child must feel safe and secure before they can learn which according to Maslow (1970) is high up the ladder of needs before they reach the top which is self-actualisation. Geraghty (1988) suggests “love, security, consistency and continuous affection, and opportunities for independence lead to a positive self-image” (p.104) As a Sure Start practitioner...
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...basic issues) * Theories of development * Research methods in child development Introduction History Child development as a science Parental preoccupation with “expert” child rearing started in the early 20th century. Parents started turning to paediatricians and psychologists for advice. John Watson pushed for rigid feeding schedules for infants and an orderly approach to child rearing. Benjamin Spock’s urged parents not engage in conflicts over issues such as weaning and toilet training, and to display affection to their children. Today Watson’s views are seen as emotionally cold and excessively rigid, while Spock’s recommendations as overly indulgent. What does developmental psychology study? Developmental science seeks to identify variables that influence development and to explain how they work together to shape an individual’s life. Scientists develop theories and conduct research aimed at describing, explaining, and predicting age-related changes in behaviour, thinking, emotions and social relationships. Definition Orderly and relatively enduring changes over time in physical and neurological structures, thought processes, and behaviour. 3 broad goals in the study of 3 child development: * To understand changes that appear to be universal * To explain individual differences * To understand how children’s behaviour is influenced by the environmental context or situation. Perspective on development 1) Nature and nurture ...
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...Growth and Development Sophie Evans Jill Windes ECE205 11/19/12 Growth and Development Many people use growth and development interchangeably when they are actually two separate things. Growth is physical changes leading to increase in size (Allen, 2009). Growth is measured; “the growth rate is rapid during the prenatal, neonatal, infancy and adolescent stages and slows during childhood” (Scibd, 2012). In comparison, development refers to an increase in complexity-a change from the relatively simple to the more complicated and detailed (Allen, 2009). Development is not growth as in when a child increases in size, but it is the growth of behavior;”development is also influenced by heredity, environmental factors, culture, and family values unique to each individual” (Allen, 2009). Growth is measured by charts whereas there are domains of development that are met to measure the growth of development. In this paper I am going to discuss the six major areas of development domains, an analysis of developmental milestones, and explain factors of what can contribute to atypical development. There are six major areas of developmental domains: physical, motor, perceptual, cognitive, speech and language, and social-emotional. Allen (2009) states, “Each is integrally related to and interdependent with each of the others in the overall developmental process” (pg. 35). Basically, one area of development is influenced by another area of development and so on and so forth...
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...According to Webster (2015) culture is defined as, "a way of thinking, behaving, or working in a particular society". A culture could be as close as your own town or as far away as New Zealand, but does our culture affect a persons development? According to Berry, Poortinga, and Pandey (1997) The culture an individual is raised in does indeed affect a persons development. Berry (1997) says as "humans we are all ethocentric" in that we grow up in a specific culture, we learn the ways and behaviors of that culture and expect all other cultures to be that same way. When we view the cultures of other countries we clearly see that there are a great many different cultures throughout the world in which we live. Cross-Cultural observations were conducted during theses studies to compare two or more cultures over a series of numerous topics. According to Super and Harkness (1986) these tests are generally conducted with a "decontexualized universal child" (placing a child in a controlled setting). Super (1986) says the "developmental niche" has been set into three different components; the physical and social settings in which the child lives, the customs of child care, and the psychology of the caregivers. Other features the interviewers may look at could include; the social, and cognitive rules of the particular culture, the individuals characteristics, or even how independent the child may or may not be. Jean Piaget was one of the most influential researchers of the 20th century...
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...Lifespan Development and Personality Marie A. Hines PSY/103 March 12, 2012 Colleen Donald Lifespan Development and Personality Early childhood development can be affected by a number of factors, and it is impossible to underestimate the immense importance of the early development of children. Erik Erikson's stage theory of psychosocial development contributed to the understanding of personality development throughout the lifespan. The lifespan development of human being involves the psychological and genetic alterations from the birth and end of the life. The progress of life is highly influenced by the hereditary and environmental factors involving the different aspects related to physical, cognitive, social, moral, and personality development (Shonkoff & Phillips, 2000). Erik Erikson felt as if middle age children between the ages of six and twelve is where they begin to develop the mental skills needed in later years.“Elementary school-aged children, who succeed in learning new, productive life skills, develop a sense of pride and competence (industry). Those who fail to develop these skills feel inadequate and unproductive (inferior)” (Carpenter & Huffman, 2010). The phase of physical development of a child is classified as gross motor skills development and fine motor skills development. Hereditary factors play an important role in the physical growth and characteristics development of the child in the middle...
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...Middle Childhood Development and Personality Josh PSY/103 November 2, 2015 Susanne Nishino Middle Childhood Development and Personality Middle childhood is a busy time in a child's life both physically and for their personality. During this time there is a crucial shift in a child's cognitive skills beginning at age six; this appears to be when a child begins to reason and is marked by several types of advances in learning and understanding. Formal schooling begins mostly between the ages of five and seven, during this time the child develops key thinking and cognitive skill. Children during this period also begin to experience advances in their learning consistent with what is deemed important by their cultures, such as math and language skills. I believe it's important for us to be patient with children at this age because it is such a difficult and confusing time but also an exciting time for them to experience this period of extensive growth. There are many different factors that affect physical development for children during the middle childhood development period. During birth until around age five, growth is generally set at the same rate for children around the same age, but at around age six or seven is when the growth spurts begin to become defined. Some children grow quickly and tall while others don't seem to grow much during this time. An example for this might be when I was younger, I did not grow quickly from age five until eight, but...
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...of practitioners in recognising the socio-cultural influences on the development of children In the development of provision for children, traditional developmental theory has been highly influential: Over the years I have become frustrated by the strident emphasis on developmental theory in early childhood education (Walsh 2005:40) Particular relevance has been held concerning constructivist theory and the work of Piaget (1977) and Vygotsky (1978): The academic understanding of learning that underpins current trends in early childhood education are most significantly based upon principles of social constructivism that are drawn from both Vygotsky and Piaget (Anning et al 2008:153) Typically, traditional child development theory is thought to give order and meaning to a child’s progression in terms of physical, social, emotional, cognitive and language development and provides practitioners with a set of normative descriptors from which a child’s development can be measured. However, more recently these notions have been questioned and there has been a growth of theory from a socio-cultural perspective: recent challenges to ways of understanding and living in the world have included issues of difference, identity, culture, intellect, and economy…Early Childhood Educators have responded in various ways to such diversity. Many continue to support the developmentalist notion of the universal child…still others merge a variety of perspectives in efforts to meet the challenges...
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...childhood development, there are two important periods of development namely critical periods and sensitive periods of development. According to our textbook a sensitive period of development is a time that is optimal for certain type of development to occur (Berger, 2011, pp. 8).At this stage, a child develops a lot in terms of language, social skills, and emotional control. For example, in infancy is where children first learn they can trust their mother to take care of their needs, give them love and keep them safe, but if they grow up in abusive environment children will have a difficult time getting these skills (Oswalt,2017). Critical period on the other hand, is a time in which a child's development must be triggered to ensure normal development. For example, an embryo between 28-54 days after conception grows its arms, legs, hands, feet, fingers and toes after that it’s too late (Berger, 2011, pp. 8)....
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...(IDEA) addresses the area of the development of infants and toddlers with disabilities. The thought behind this program was to reduce educational costs by providing early intervention services to children with disabilities before they reach school age. The intention was to encourage the collaboration of agencies that provide health, education, and human services. The neural circuits which are a part of the brain that creates the foundation for learning, behavior, and health, are most susceptible to change during the first three years of life. In order to intercept and encourage the effectiveness of intervention, early diagnosis and identification is critical. Extreme poverty, abuse and neglect, or severe maternal depression leads to damage that can have a life time effect in learning, behavior, and physical and mental health. Intervention in these areas can provide education and resources for proper nutrition, health and mental health screenings. Positive early experiences strengthens the brain while early social and emotional development provides a firm foundation for the building of cognitive and language skills. (Goode, Diefondorf, and Colgan, 2011). Recognizing early childhood is a distinct period prime for intervention, IDEA requires all states and localities to develop a system of services to target this age group. This requirement is to reduce the need of, or reduce the amount of, special education services, enhance the development of children, and encourage family...
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