...How could tragedy be staged to show the ways in which fate and responsibility affect individuals and societies? In your answer, refer to your study and experience of TWO texts set for study. The Aristotelian definition of a Tragedy is a man of high estate who falls from grace in his attempts to defy a predetermined fate, and avoid their destiny/responsibility in order to maintain their hubristic lives. In the attempts to avoid his or her fates and responsibilities the protagonist plunges deeper into tragedy which eventually ends in the loss of himself and those around him, a sufferance he seemingly deserves from having tried to avoid his fate. Through the use dramatic techniques such as setting, chorus, lighting and movement this definition has manifested itself into my own personal adaptations of Tony Kushner’s Angels in America and Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus in order to portray the way fate and responsibility affect individuals and societies. Oedipus Tyrannus by Sophocles is a classic Aristotelian Tragedy about a man who sets out to find the killer of his father in order to set the people of Thebes free from famine and pain. Throughout the play Oedipus is given signs that it is he who has sinned against the gods, but he ignores these prophecies and tries to write his own fate which ultimately leads to his own demise. In order to stage this avoidance of fate I have chosen to use tiny LED lights embedded in the ceiling of the stage to represent the fact that Oedipus’s...
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...definitionS of Pragmatic, Pragmatism, and the Pragmatic Theory of Drama in Plato and Aristotle. A University of Lagos, M.A Seminar Work By Larayetan, Raphael Segun, (Mat. No.139013058) COURSE: Theory of Drama LECTURER: Dr. Patrick Oloko Introduction: This paper attempts an exploration of pragmatics, pragmatism and pragmatic theory as perceived by scholars from different intellectual tradition with focus on drama as a genre of literature. From the classic to the contemporary period, dramatic theorists and dramatists have been involved in the polemics on functions of drama, whether it is an instrument of communicating ideas or just a genre of literature that only entertains. Whether drama entertains or bears the ideological or moral burdens which the author through his art intends to pass to the readers, drama unequivocally has a function which, according to Philip Sidney, is to “teach and to delight”. With this in mind, it can be established that every piece of drama sets out to achieve a function though critics and dramatists have disagreed on what the ideal function of drama should be. It is this light that the current paper explores the pragmatic theory of drama in Plato and Aristotle, or, simply put; how Plato and Aristotle perceive the ideal function of drama. Definition of Terms: Pragmatism is a theory that emphasises the dual function of a work of art. It stipulates the heuristic function...
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...Meredith Masters 3/10/16 Block 7, LA4 Research Paper Word Count: 565 What is drama? Medieval drama was theater. Drama did not come about until the later part of the medieval time. It took the stage as one of the main forms of entertainment around 900 and fell through after the decline in the 1500’s. Plays did make a comeback, and are still popular to this day. There are no performances today that are associated with the plays from back then. After the fall of the Roman Empire, nomadic bands traveled whether or not there was an audience. They were a combination of jesters, jugglers, storytellers and other performers. Later, when festivals came about, other entertainers were given the chance to showcase their talents. Since the Catholic Church was so powerful, it overpowered such performances and the entertainers were then converted. Actors was their new title. Plays were performed in churches until around 1200, when they were also performed outside on occasion. At the end of the 14th century, churches had less and less control over plays. Towns took over and put on shows that the churches did not. Medieval Drama was very popular during this time, as it was, for a lack of better words, their form of entertainment. The types of plays that were performed during this time were morality, miracle, and mystery plays. Morality plays are didactic allegories often of a common man’s struggle for salvation. Miracle plays are about the lives of saints. They are also historical...
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...THE VISION & MISSION: The vision is to establish a “world class-nucleating centre of achievement.” UITS offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in liberal arts, law, business and ICT with the aim of meeting the national and international market demands. The Mission of the university is to achieve the redefined goals of higher education and sustainable economic growth of the country through a tripartite relationship between itself, industries and reputed universities and institutions at home and abroad. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES: ❑ To reinforce the skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing; ❑ To develop the skills of students in the use of idiomatic English and the capability of expressing ideas and thoughts in English; ❑ To develop and reinforce communicative interaction; ❑ To introduce the understanding of western philosophy and ideas and their influence on literature; ❑ To introduce classical literature, the Greek myths, the Bible and other writings which have influenced English literary works; ❑ To introduce and refine the understanding of American literature with emphasis on some selected literary works; ❑ To increase the appreciation of Bangla literature and culture among students and to develop their ability to relate experiences from English and American literature to Bangla literary works; ❑ To deepen students’ awareness of the universal concerns that are the basis of literary works; ❑ To stimulate a greater appreciation of language as...
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...The Creativity and Imagination Children and Young People Essay As the children are already well familiar of the traditional stories, therefore, three small Pigs were preferred. It is appealing equally for all the girls and boys as it allows a sturdy perspective for a variety of artistic works in drama, melodious group of people as well as a tiny succession of artistic work plays. All this is being done in order to achieve the basic development landmark for language development in the children of almost 5 years old. (Conti-Ramsden & Durkin, 2011). Every story has its own structure and theme as the story of Three Little Pigs has. One of the pigs met a man with many straws and constructs his home with those straws. The second pig saw a man with sticks and he made his home with those sticks. The third one saw a man with loaded bricks and that man construct his house with those bricks. Meanwhile, the wolf came to them and said the identical words three times, Little pig, little pig, let me come in. It is seen in the stories that there are repetitive words or phrases. Children love to read the stories having repetitive phrases. There must be part of entertainment in the story to make the children more attentive towards the story and its imagination in their minds (Bettelheim, 1975). The Three Little Pigs is read or told in the dramatic play using body gestures, puppets and very soft tune of voice to gain the children interest to listen the story. Our culture and society make...
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...sometimes better to simply listen to the words. By comparing recordings, the listener can quickly learn about the many possible interpretations of Shakespeare’s famous soliloquies. For example, in Avery Pohlman’s classic performances from the 1990s, we can sense Hamlet’s increasing panic over his inability to choose a definite course of action (Live From New York's Golden Arch Theater). Pohlman’s interpretation stands in stark contrast to the early recordings of Justin Makepeace, which are known for their somewhat lighter mood. In this paper, I attempt to compare the Pohlman and Makepeace recordings of Hamlet’s soliloquies. [Add more about the paper’s overall organization. Explain how comparing the recordings leads to a deeper understanding of the words of Hamlet.] The Need for Revenge The revenge tragedy was already a favorite type of play in the Elizabethan theater scene when William Shakespeare set out to write Hamlet (Klann 35). This type of drama typically included a play within a play, a ghost, violence, and scenes of madness. [Add more about revenge tragedies. Discuss the Pohlman recordings in this context.] Deciding to Decide...
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...L. Choi Christmas in August: the Conventional Unconventional Following the Korean War, South Korean film industry faced its “Golden Age”, thriving with a series of vibrant, high-quality domestic film productions. While directors during this period produced a body of work as “historically, aesthetically, and politically significant as that of other well-known national film movements such as Italian Neorealism, French New Wave, and New German Cinema” (McHugh and Abelmann 2), the dictatorship of Park Chung Hee in the late 1960s put an end to creative freedom. The South Korean cinema resurfaced in the 1990s, taking a new step and presenting films that mix a variety of genres and different sensibilities. After the 1997 International Monetary Fund economic crisis, South Korea experienced an unusually rapid growth in the film industry and faced its first “stirrings of what was to develop into a creative and commercial boom” (Paquet 37). In early 1998, in the midst of the industrial transformation, director Hur Jin-Ho released a “muted, tragic-themed melodrama” (Paquet 37) - Christmas in August. The film ranked as one of the highest grossing at the domestic box office in 1998, benefiting greatly from its casting of the two lead roles - actor Han Seok-Kyu and actress Shim Eun-Ha. The two leads carry out a natural performance throughout the film and display a remarkable chemistry with their delightfully low-key and perfect depiction of each of the protagonists. Unlike the traditional...
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...This paperwork contains ENG 125 Week 5 Final Paper Linguistics - English Final paper In this course we have explored the many meanings which literature may have for us as well as literary themes, elements, and techniques common to the forms of the short story, poetry, and drama. In class discussions and written assignments, you have also had opportunities to reflect on your individual feelings, responses, and ideas about a number of literary works. The Final Paper is intended as an exercise in bringing together, or synthesizing, your reflections on literature and your understandings of the course material. This is a comparative paper which analyzes two to three literary works from the course readings which share a common theme. The paper should be organized by a thesis (argument), which is the main point of the entire essay. When developing a thesis for a comparative paper, consider how a comparison of the works provides deeper insight into the topic of your paper. In other words, think about why you have chosen to look at these particular works in relation to one another. In your analysis, also consider the relationships among content, form, and style. For example, how are the ways in which themes and ideas are represented and communicated relevant to your reading experience and to the work as a whole? You may choose from any of the topics and works listed at the end of this assignment description. (Please note that many of the listed themes relate to more than...
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...29.09.2012 ‘Tragedy is an imitation of an action’ is what Aristotle said about the theater genre, tragedy. I have been curious about the ‘imitation of an action’ part and asked myself question such as what could the’ imitation of an action’ as a phrase in this context of tragedy mean so, under the light of the emphasis our instructor put on the chapter ‘the definiton of tragedy’ in ‘Aristotle’s Poetics’ reading that we were assigned to read and since I wanted my question to be cleared and I also wanted to understand the foundation of tragedy and prepare myself, base knowledge wise, for readings that were to come, I started my reading with that particular chapter. Through the chapter I partially understood, through my own reading without anyone’s help, the combination of artistic beauty of changing the places of the words, harmonious rhythms of songs that provide an emballishment to the ongoing play on the stage and the crucial components such as ‘the soul of tragedy’ and another component as important as the plot that I am not too confident about whether I absorbed its meaning and relation with other parts of a tragedy, that element is thought. I think through the chapter I found an answer to my question of what is imitation of an action, let me expand my question for beter understanding and my own answer through the information I gained through my reading . I think my question of what imitation of an action is pretty straightforward to understand, in literal base I know...
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...Paper on Play Read in Class 2 In the Next Room The story is about a group of people that are sexually frustrated with their loved ones. It begins with a couple named Mr. Daldry, and Mrs. Daldry, Mr. Daldry thinks that his wife Mrs. Daldry is ill with some kind of illness that made her not like what she used to be in their sex life, so they went to see a doctor named Mr. Givings. Mr. Givings had invited something called vibrator, and he thinks that it will help patient with their sex life, but he doesn’t relies that his own wife Mrs.Givings have the same illness as Mrs. Daldry . The play is more like a dark comedy mixed with sad drama, you laugh and at the same time you feel sorry for the characters, like when Mrs. Givings said to her baby that she will find him a nice wet nurse with healthy milk, and then she was near tears, but she recovered. The play in the nearly end turned to be more serious. The set will be divided into two rooms, the doctor office and the lobby. At the play's climax, the actors step through the imaginary wall dividing the rooms to create the third and final scene, outdoors in the snow. Snow is used throughout the play as a symbol of love. There is couple of things that I think might be difficult to approach during the play. The first thing is the dividing the stage into two rooms. To solve this problem we will need to have a large stage that can be divided into more than two rooms. The second problem is to let the audience feel and what the...
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...through drama for oral skills development Laura Miccoli This paper presents the results of an investigation into the value of using drama in a Brazilian university classroom. Drawing on Di Pietro (1987) and Via (1976) on the advantages of using drama in language learning, from Mezirow (1990) and Schön (1991) on the importance of reflection for promoting meaningful learning, and from Donato and McCormick (1994) and Lukinsky (1990) on the e¤ectiveness of portfolios as a tool to promote reflection, the paper presents a case study of the use of drama in an oral skill class, describing the course structure and classroom procedures. It includes learners’ voices as taken from their portfolios, and evaluates results, presenting setbacks and possible solutions. Finally, it encourages the use of drama and portfolios for transformative and emancipatory learning. Introduction As teachers we are always looking for ways to improve our classes and motivate our students. Yet, teaching conditions may not be as ideal as we would like them to be. Sometimes we get too many students; often they have di¤erent proficiency levels; sometimes both problems arise in the same class. This was my situation: I had to teach a conversation class where the level of proficiency of the 37 students ranged from basic to advanced. Knowing that a traditional format would not work, the experiences of interactionists like Di Pietro (1987) and the actor/teacher Via (1976) helped me decide to bring drama and play...
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...This is a 3-page paper on the role of Greek and Roman literature and the role it plays in today’s society. THE ROLE OF GREEK AND ROMAN LITERATURE Over the years, literature of ancient Greece and Rome has affected art, religion, philosophy, science and mathematics, medicine, drama, and poetry profoundly. It has served as a basic model for the development of later European literatures and, consequently, the writings of the historians, geographers, philosophers, scientists, and rhetoricians are read today as sources of historical information and enjoyment. Alfred Whitehead, the famous British philosopher-mathematician, once commented that: “[A]ll philosophy is but a footnote to Plato” (Comptons Encyclopedia). A similar point can be made regarding Greek literature as a whole. The Greek world of thought was far ranging and ideas discussed today have been previously debated by ancient writers. In fact, until recently, in Western culture, an acquaintance with classical Latin (as well as Greek) literature was basic to a liberal education. Roman literature such as epic and lyric poetry, rhetoric, history, comic drama and satire (the last genre being the only literary form that the Romans invented) serve as today’s backbone for a basic understanding of expression and artistic creativity, as well as history. Greek comedies such as those of Naevius and Andronicus, as well as historical writings in epic poems (First Punic War), tell the story of Rome and its conquests and served...
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...Devang Patel February 8, 2016 Professor Madsen Character Paper “Six Feet Under” The HBO drama Six Feet Under follows the lives of the fisher family. They run their family owned funeral home. Six Feet Under is a family oriented drama. The fisher family has just lost their father in a car accident. The pilot introduces the members of the family and shows the viewer how they grieve individually and as a family. Six feet under is a tragedy drama, because it deals with death, coping with it, and what comes after. Tragedy dramas force viewers to sympathize the family and relate to what they are feeling and dealing with. The Character architecture of Six Feet Under’s pilot episode is that of an ensemble cast. An ensemble includes a group of main characters as opposed to just one main character. Ensembles can follow one character more than the others, or change focus frequently like this episode of Six Feet Under did. Each character is different, they have different personalities, struggles, and aspirations. The episode changes focus from each of the two sons, to the mother, and to the daughter, who are all struggling to cope with their recent loss. Each member is struggling internally with decisions they have made and outside factors that are only made worse by the loss of their father. The pilot of Six Feet Under is a premise pilot. Premise pilots are first episodes in which a life changing event takes place which sets the tone for each of the characters’ lives and how the...
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...skills, one of the important periods to improve speaking skill is, incontrovertibly, during primary education. Speaking skills acquired and developed during primary education are significant with regard to both acquisition and permanence. Therefore, it is essential that efficient and effective teaching methods are employed in order to improve speaking skills during primary education. In our view, a favourable technique in aiding primary school students to acquire and develop oral skills is the use of creative and educational drama activities. No matter where this technique is applied, creative drama may be considered a method of learning –a tool for self-expression, as well as art. Background of the Study Atimonan Central School is known for its being the biggest elementary school in our town. Atimonan Central School serves as the training ground of the primary students in preparation to the next level of their education. Effect of Creative Educational Drama Activities on Developing oral Skills in Grade Six pupils in Atimonan Central School, helps to develop the abilities of the learner...
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...Drama Film Project Self Assessment There were different steps during the making of the painting that involucrate everyone and made me very happy about the functioning of the team. At the beginning I was not very convinced about the idea of the film, but as the time passed I saw how my teammates liked the idea and I decided to go on with it. We were very slow to start to record, but the first day we recorded I felt the good team spirit everyone had. With that there were certain things everyone started to develop as the recording of the film came through; the acting skills, leadership and teamwork. This was some of the features you could see during one of our recordings. For my personal development I could see some very positive things during the recording. At the start I had the idea of doing a comedy, but I missed one lesson and my teammates changed the whole idea of the subject. I needed to give up for my idea, this is something I really don’t like to do, but I did it for my team. After the first recording I realised that it was a really easy paper to play and a good story. Throughout the recordings I felt that my drama skills got better in some ways. For example there was a scene were there were a lot f small children passing by and we needed to speak really loudly for the camera to hear us. It was an opportunity to project my level of voice; this was something I never had a chance to do before. I think that a good teamwork is something very difficult to gain, especially...
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