...fostering emotional and social development. Empathy, a key component in rewarding interpersonal relationships, is fostered during this time by parents, teachers, and other role models for the young child. While empathy leads to a deeper understanding of morality and emotions, the best form of teaching empathy to children is a topic that is lacking exploration. The purpose of this research is to test the effect of verbal correction on fostering the growth of empathy in young children, allowing researchers and caregivers alike the information they need to better teach children empathy, improving their interpersonal...
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...poppy fields and destroy them which, of course, leaves the owners of the poppy fields void of income. In many cases, widows cannot get another job and they fail to gather enough money to feed the children; the result is starvation. As I was reading the article, I found that I empathised with the widow to the point where I knew that if I were that soldier, I would not be able to destroy those poppy fields. However, would my empathy-borne actions eventually be beneficial? Would they truly be ethical? In 2005, 70% of the acute drug deaths were thanks to opioids. Meanwhile, opium production is still increasing in Afghanistan, up to a 6,400 ton increase in 20014. Thus from this dilemma, I formed the knowledge question, “To what extent can we rely on empathy to make ethical decisions?”. This knowledge question highlights how one should make morally-correct choices in any situation, whether it be at war or debating whether we should donate $5 to the homeless man or not. I will investigate this knowledge question through two areas of knowledge, Ethics, the study of morals, and Human Sciences. Each AOK will be explored through various experts and their WOK. I will conclude my presentation with my own answer to the knowledge question, personal thoughts and what my answer...
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...function daily and make personal connections. In all aspects of the novel Christopher’s morals are challenged in ways he cant quiet understand. With Christopher’s Autism, it puts him in a vulnerable state, which he soon gains courage to overcome. Many Questions are asked about the abilities of Autistic people, and to what capacity can the make right and wrong decisions. Autistic people are challenged every second of everyday by their own minds. According to the organization “Autism Speaks”, autism is a group of complex disorders of brain development; these disorders are characterized, in varying degrees, by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors. When an Autistic persons mind is running a mile a minute, when is there time to sort out morality? In Christopher Boone’s case, he doesn’t know how to respond, for example, when Christopher discovers Wellington and gets questioned about the dog, Christopher becomes very troubled and vulnerable. Once the police officer tries to touch Christopher he lashes out. Christopher’s response shows that he could not find the right response to show emotion towards. To make it more understandable, Philosopher Jeannette Kennett, writes in her essay “Autism, Empathy, and Moral Agency”, on whether or not people with autism can make moral decisions. Kennett explains why Autistic people can possibly gain moral agency with or without...
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...In this dissertation moral capacity is considered to be a spandrel, the byproduct of natural selection. The first chapter of this doctoral dissertation deals with conceptual issues of the biological and psychological interpretations of egoism (selfishness) and altruism, and then, in the second step, it relates altruism to morality. To be more precise, it relates altruism to moral capacity which includes moral behavior, forming and maintaining moral beliefs, and moral judgments. The main subjects of the second chapter are the evolution of altruism and cooperation and the related problem of the units of selection. I critically examine the standard models for the evolution of altruism: group selection, gene’s eye view, kin selection (with remarks...
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...the right thing. Every day there is the worry of general concerns of the health and safety of our youth. Enhancing moral intelligence has become the best hope for getting children on the right path to act as well as think positively. The seven essential virtues consisting of empathy, conscience, self control, respect, kindness, tolerance and fairness are discussed in the chapters on how to navigate children through ethical challenges and pressures during child development years. EMPATHY Empathy is the first essential virtue that describes the ability to identify with and feel another person’s concerns and sensitizes children to different points of view. It increases their awareness of ideas and opinions while enhancing humanness, civility, morality and is an emotion that alerts a child to another person’s plight while stirring the conscience. Children are moved to become too tolerant, compassionate and understanding of others needs and to care enough to help those who are hurt or troubled. This ignites the need to handle anger more adeptly. With children being exposed to a world filled with violence, drugs, cruelty and incivility, empathy may be the antidote to creating tolerance peace. As the virtue of empathy develops it will help to start the foundation for nonviolence in children and to do what is right because it is felt in the heart. The problem with empathy in children is that it is greatly handicapped because of the inability to identify and express emotion. Feeling for...
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...“Guest of the nation” “Guest of the nation” touches upon the dilemma of justifying war on a personal moral and ethical level, and in describing this conflict it implicitly also touches upon the horrors of killing, and perhaps more importantly on what it does to a human being. The text tells the story of three Irish soldiers holding two Englishmen as prisoners of war and is split into four parts. In the first part we are told about the daily life and interactions of the irish- and Englishmen. Their relationship is generally characterized by an unusual amount of mutual trust and friendship considering that they belong to rivaling armies, and especially considering that the cause that the Irish are fighting for is probably personally motivated, rather than being the result of a draft. In the second part though this situation is darkened and complicated, by the fact that Jeremiah Donovan reveals that they are holding the Englishmen hostages as a mean of negotiation with the British, and that they are to be executed soon. In the third part the orders to execute are given, and part four depicts the Englishmen’s reluctant realization that they are to be executed by people who they perceive as friends and equals, as well as the Irish's reluctant attitude towards this execution, as Bonaparte puts it: "Why did any of us want to plug him? What had he done to us?" (S.62, L.7). The overall dramaturgical structure of the text can therefore be seen as a transition from an initial...
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...Not only are deviants and bullies forcibly taken out of the gene pool in this way, groups that succeed in promoting group cooperation outcompete lesser groups. Individuals that felt empathy, shame, pride, who were loyal, and who observed the group’s dictates reaped the benefits of group life and thus passed on more of their genes. Through millions of years of evolution, we’re left with moral instincts that preserve group...
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...history of the world, but still some actions are argued as to whether or not they are ethical or even moral. Plato’s view of ethics was that it had to do with the arrangement of the human soul. He believe that every human sould consisted of three parts, the rational, spiritual, and passionate. For a person to commit ethical behavior Plato believed that the soul must be properly organized. This meant that the reason must command, organized, and focus the other two parts of the soul. If this was done, then one sought general good and not flights of fancy. Religions such as Christianity have come up with theories about ethics as well. Christians have theorized that “human souls desire the good, found only in God.” This good is supposed to be “unchanging, perminant, and always satisfying. The goods of this world, such as food, drink or wealth, are only partially satisfying, since these are always changing and human physiology always demands them. God, however, as the final end of all things, is the end of human souls as well. The soul that "rests" in God is the soul that wants nothing other than God. Therefore human action is to manifest the spiritual life in the choices the individual makes.” (Johnson, 2007) The approach to ethics is different depending on the person and the situation. Most people according to O’Toole, 2006, use four different approaches to making ethical decisions. These are principle, consequences, virtue, and moral...
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...Carlotta Island Phil 305 Ryan Taylor Why Be Moral? Ethics is a division of philosophy that deals with human behaviors. There are many different theories that have existed throughout history. An ethical theory must consider and take into account what makes the “right” decisions different from the “wrong” decision. A lot of different people and organization of the history of the world have defined ethical behavior, but still some actions are argued as to whether or not they are ethical or even moral. Plato’s view of ethics was that it had to do with the arrangement of the human soul. Plato contended that justice is the quality of soul, in virtue of which men set aside the irrational desire to taste every pleasure and to get a selfish satisfaction out of every object and accommodated them to the discharge of a single function for the general benefit. Thrasymachus, on the other hand believed that justice was not based on any moral premise but is defined by those in power or by the authority of the state. Religions such as Christianity have come up with theories about ethics also. Christians have theorized, “Human souls desire the good, found only in God.” This good is supposed to be “unchanging, permanent, and always satisfying. The goods of this world, such as food, drink or wealth, are only partially satisfying, since these are always changing and human physiology always demands them. God, however, as the final end of all things, is the end of human souls as well. The soul...
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...utilitarianism, Kantian deontology, and the ethics of care conclude about how one acts morally, and how these different approaches exist as a defense to the concept of our having natural human rights. Deontology is an ethical approach wherein the morality of actions is based on the motives or intentions behind the action, rather than its actual consequences. This philosophy is based around duty and principle, dealing with human rights. Immanuel Kant believed that, as human beings, we have an obligation to adhere to “the good,” in an unconditional sense. For an action to be deemed right, it must be intrinsically good, and thus should not be altered due to someone perceiving it as otherwise, or the consequence of that good act causing harm to someone or something unintentionally. Kantian deontology says that the intent to do right is what matters, as, in acting according, one is upholding the values of good. Kant argues that the effect of a well-intended action in itself cannot be the motivator for the act, as just as a right choice can lead to tangible positive consequences, there is nothing to stop a wrongfully minded act from somehow paving the way for something good. Kant’s philosophy asks one to consider the potential outcome if every action they took became a universal law. This is his categorical imperative. The practice of good intention becomes an unwavering thing, as the obligation to always act within reason needs to be applied equally and without prejudice to be effective. The...
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...Altruism can be described as a form of pro-social behavior in which an individual seeks to voluntarily satisfy the welfare of others at their own costs. It is an unselfish concern of a person to achieve the good of others and this tends to be the primary motivation and the ultimate goal of an altruistic behavior. Genuine altruism is guided by the desire to improve the state and welfare of other people without expecting a reward or indicating some degree of self interest (Ricard, 2011). A number of historical figures and other individuals have been implicated in the demonstration of altruism. Below are five examples of altruistic behaviors. Example 1- Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (Activism) One example of altruistic behavior was demonstrated by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. He emphasized on the need of equality and basic civil rights for all. He labored hard and was committed to ensuring that democracy and justice was practiced irrespective of an individual’s race and social status. King did not mind facing the dangers that were associated with his fight against injustice. His ultimate sacrifice was demonstrated through his death, since he was killed for trying to improve the welfare and lives of others (Myers, 2014). Martin Luther’s altruistic behavior was a product of modeling. For instance, Kail and Cavanaugh (2015) explain that King’s pursuit of civil rights and equality for African Americans was significantly influenced by Mohandas Gandhi, a political leader, Henry David Thoreau...
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...What is Human Services? Nina Brown BSHS 301 Introduction to Human Services September 6, 2011 University of Phoenix Alberto Reynoso What is Human Services? The field of human service has been around for centuries in many forms with the sole intention of helping marginalized populations attain a sense of accomplishment in managing their lives. Human services are necessary to assist people who otherwise have little or no help in navigating their social environment for various reasons. There are segments of the population that aren’t able to acquire the basic human needs of shelter, food, and health care that everyone should have in order to maintain an ordered life. The goal of the human service profession is to help the disenfranchised overcome various obstacles that prevent them from living their lives to the fullest by providing them with support and various intervention strategies. The very early systems of taking care of the underprivileged were shrouded within a feudalistic society that resulted in slavery. Society’s attitudes towards the poor at that time were somewhat positive; there was no shame in being poor as long as you were seen as worthy (Martin, 2007) . The privileged were basically bestowing their graces on the poor with the understanding that it was necessary in society for the underprivileged to exist and for charity to be provided. The principles behind giving charity to the poor were engrained...
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...The nature and nurture debate has been greatest debate in psychology over the centuries. Biologists will support the nature side of the debate while the environmentalist/behaviourists will support the nurture side of the debate. The two stages of development of an individual that will be discussed in this spread are adults and children. At the very beginning of development, infants are believed to inherit the capacity to learn how to walk, learn a language(s) and mimic behaviour. From a nature perspective, this is an advantage for survival because their interaction helps them to inform an adult, especially parents, their needs for comfort, hunger, warmth etc. although, the type of surrounding of the infant is also important too. But, there is evidence that shows that children’s behaviours can be learned (nurture) i.e. feral children study of two boys who were raised by a lioness in Cairo, Egypt. Dave and Chip were described as “lionfish” in appearance and behaviour. This shows that even if they were not raise by a human(s), what they see is what they learn. If biology is so strong in influencing our behaviour, then these children must be acting normal like others even if they did not grow in a normal family, but that didn’t happen. There are many stories of feral children but all have come to one important point. That is the important role of education. All the things a child must know, or can do, must be learned. For example a child must learn how to walk, use fork and knife...
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...Crisp (2010) defines prosocial behaviour as ay voluntary act which benefits another, although such acts can also benefit the helper. Prosocial behaviour (PB) is, like most human behaviour, influenced by a set of two factors that are, dispositional and situational. Dispositional factors are unique and internal, whereas situational factors are external to people. This essay will consider the interaction between these forces in explaining PB. Evolutionary theorists presume PB to be egotistically or selfishly motivated. They focus on principles of kin selectivity, sfafdf and reciprocal altruism in explaining such behaviour. Characteristics such as empathy have been observed in a varity of animals such as primates (De Waal, 2009). Social learning theorists argue that prosocial behaviour too is endorsed through observational learning and reinforcement. Wuzas (2011) for example has shown that the prosocial disposition of children is influenced by their parents. In contrast, cognitive theorists, such as Latane and Darly (1970) have proposed a situational model of behaviour in emergencies. According to these theorists, a person must make a series of correct decisions in order to intervene in emergencies. If any decision is not made correctly, intervention does not occur. So, in order for PB to occur, people must notice the happening, decide that it is an emergency and that help is required, decide that they are responsible, decide that they can help appropriately, and lastly, decide...
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...habits, behaviors, and morals of an individual. Our character not only affects the relationships and interactions we make with the world around us, but it makes up the essence of who we are. The empathy we use to build meaningful relationships with others in our community and the ethical decisions we make based on our morals and values make up our everyday character. Character should be based on integrity. We cannot see character and often we do not notice someone’s character until they exhibit a visible mistake or a visible act of virtue. Our character is not about the behaviors...
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