... Right to Education Child labour & illiteracy are basically two sides of a same coin, as one inclines to raise the other. Maximum of child labours are either illiterate or partly literate. Generally parents of these children are also illiterate and thus does not understand the importance of education in one’s life. Children of illiterate parents are more prone to child and bonded labour. This is the only irony of the life that poor child in inida is born without education and dies without it. Government is trying to curb illiteracy and making ways for children to earn to live and study to progress. In leading case “the court held that the engagement of children in the match factories can be done but they cannot be directly connected with...
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...Child labor can lead to an increase in psychological problems in adolescents. In “Children Working on the Streets in Brazil: Predictors of Mental Health problems,” Mariana Maciel, Andrea Mello, Victor Fossaluza, Luciana Nobrega, Giulana Cividanes, Jair Mari, and Marcelo Mello, Professors at the Department of Psychiatry at the Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, share the result of their study. In their study, they explain the psychological risks of child labor, including emotional abuse and neglect, peer problems, coping problems, social isolation, and substance abuse (166). For example, children who work in domestic labor have a higher risk of psychological abuse than children in other work occupations. Domestic work includes working in other...
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...1 Linked From Here || The Web || Tuesday, April 13, 2010 Essay on Child Labor Essay on Child Labor Instead of aiming at abolishing child labor, should policy makers look for alternative approaches. Parents feel compelled to send their children to work as a means of survival. Although not immediately apparent, a simple ban on child labor does not prove effective in ridding of it. Therefore, integrative efforts should be made in conjunction with eliminating child labor. Instead of waiting for the natural economic growth to slowly remove child labor, the government and policy makers may intervene by offering incentives. Integrative policies include improved schooling, trade union involvement, school meals, and income subsidies. To find alternative means of addressing child labor where it prevails on a larger scale after establishing it as the perpetrator of such maladies as reduced adult wages, adult unemployment, and negative impact on human capital. Child Labor is a prevalent problem throughout the world especially in developing countries. Children work for a variety of reasons, the most important being poverty and the induced pressure upon them to escape from this plight. Though children are not well paid, they still serve as major contributors to family income in developing countries. Our Service Can Write a Custom Essay on Child Labor for You![->1] Schooling problems also contribute to child labor, whether it be the inaccessibility of schools or the lack...
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...FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK NAME : MUDE SOLOMON LESLEY REG NUMBER : B1440781 PROGRAMME : SOCIAL WORK COURSE : CHILD WELFARE COURSE CODE : SW 209 LECTURER : DR CHERENI QUESTION : (a) Summarise the author’s main argument (300 word limit). [10] In this article, the author writes explaining the relationship of work, learning and leisure in relation to the development of children. The author challenges the normative way of thinking that work negatively affect the development of the child. In his literature, he argues against the common romantic notions of childhood, he asserts that, romantic notions of childhood emerged by literature and poetry, rather than by evidence on child development in different contexts hence some of the notions are irrelevant in some settings. In the article, he presents evidence that besides leisure and learning, work can be beneficial to many children and he highlights that a childhood without work is not necessarily a beneficial ideal. He also presents facts that in practice children may successfully combine work, learning and leisure despite the common belief that work often interferes with children’s education. He posits that learning can be achieved through play or leisure thus leisure and learning correlating...
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...There are many occupations which required the emotional labor to perform the job. Child Care Worker is one of the occupations which need emotional labor. According to ( Lopez, 2006) child care worker jobs involve the emotional labor while delivering the emotional care to the children. Child care worker plays vital aspects in developing emotional, socialization of the Children ( Ahn, 2005). The profession of the Child care worker is expected to deliver with well-established rules and practises regarding emotional display. As the job of the child care worker required emotion displays which may form the dissonance between the child worker true emotion and the emotion child care worker enactment during the role (Lee and Brothering, 2011). The authors also explain that in order to decrease this dissonance, the child care worker may hide their true feeling in order to display the emotion required for the job( surface acting ) or the child worker may raise up the emotion which is essential for the display ( active deep acting). According to ( ) young child care workers generally display the deep acting, but the experienced child care work hide their true feelings in order to display the emotions required for the job. Due to the daily contact with the children and their parents, child care worker frequently experience pressure at work which results to the job stress and exhaustion ( Cordes and Dougherty 1993). Different research and findings discussed that gendered emotional labor...
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...both direct and indirect effects on the family. There are many Government policies that can either benefit of have a negative impact on the family. These come from many different movements in Government, such as: New Right, New Labour and Coalition - these can be criticised by different types of sociologists such as Marxists and Feminists, which I will be expressing throughout this essay. The New Right have a Functionalist view on the family. They believe strongly in the advocation of the nuclear family and the other family criteria that they present, such as - as presented by the sociologist George Murdock - A heterosexual couple as part of a nuclear who engage in a socially acceptable sexual relationship, economic cooperation (or being self-sufficient) and provides basic functions such as socialisation, discipline and morality. The “Child Support Agency” was enforced in 1993, and forced natural fathers to provide for their own children financially in the event of a parental split. The Government fund this agency to ensure that the child is financially supplied to ensure good health and quality of life as they grow up. The impact that this had on the family is that the biological fathers are forced into accepting the responsibility of their child so there is no need for any of the members to rely on benefits. This policy is good because it means that the family is not relying on the state to provide their finance, which is supporting the idea of economic cooperation and...
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...Child labour in British Literature Child labour is very popular topic and motif in British Literature. Many famous authors base their novels on this term. Industrialisation led to a dramatic increase in child labour. Children were working in factories and mines what was very exhausted and dangerous. Child labour was not an invention of the Industrial Revolution. Poor children have always started work as soon as their parents could find employment for them. But in much of pre-industrial Britain, there simply was not very much work available for children. This changed with industrialisation. The new factories and mines were hungry for workers and required the execution of simple tasks that could easily be performed by children. The result was a surge in child labour – presenting a new kind of problem that Victorian society had to tackle. Research has shown that the average age at which children started work in early 19th- century Britain was 10 years old, but that this varied widely between regions. In industrial areas, children started work on average at eight and a half years old. Most of these young workers entered the factories as piecers, standing at the spinning machines repairing breaks in the thread. A few started as scavengers, crawling beneath the machinery to clear it of dirt, dust or anything else that might disturb the mechanism. In the mines, children usually started by minding the trap doors, picking out coals at the pit mouth, or by...
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...WORKBOOK ANSWERS AQA AS Sociology Unit 1 Families and Households This Answers book provides some possible answers that might be given for the questions asked in the workbook. They are not exhaustive and other answers may well be acceptable, but they are intended as a guide to give teachers and students feedback. The responses for the longer essay-style questions are intended to give some idea about how the exam questions might be answered. Again, these are not the only ways to answer such questions but they can be treated as one way of approaching questions of these types. Topic 1 Functionalist and New Right views of the family How have functionalist and New Right thinkers explained family life and the relationship between families and social change? 1 The organic analogy refers to the extended comparison made by functionalists between the human or other living body and society, with the organs of the body equivalent to institutions and structures in society. 2 Primary socialisation refers to the first and most important stage of the socialisation process by which young children absorb the norms and values of their culture, mainly from their parents. Note: make sure your answer explains both ‘primary’ and ‘socialisation’. 3 One way in which the nuclear family is more suited than other types of family to modern industrial society is that it allows for geographical mobility; it is easier to move a nuclear family to a new area for, say, a...
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...International Labour Organization (ILO), there were about 218 million child labourers around the world in 2004. The child means the person whose age is not over 18. A host of people consider that child employment is definitely wrong. On the other hand, others regard that children can receive significant experience from their paid jobs therefore it can play a key role in both learning and taking responsibility. This essay will examine the situation of child labour worldwide to discuss which age group’s children can get a paid job; what kind of work they can do; what are the positive and negative effects to the society and what kind measures can government introduce to protect child labourers. My opinion will be shown at the end. Finding Around 158 million children aged between 5 and 14 are working as child labourers. More specifically, an estimated one third of 69 million children in Sub-Saharan Africa are working as child labourers. Moreover, about 44 million child labourers are in South Asia. Most of them are engaged in risky conditions or situations, including working with hazardous machinery, working in mines. Children living in lowest-income families and rural areas are most able to be involved in child labour. (UNICEF, 2008) More than 200 million children are engaged in child labour in the world, the work for them jeopardises their intellectual, physical and emotional development. Children work for their lives and their families depend on them. About 75% of child labourers...
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...Essay Assess the contribution of feminism to our understanding of families and households (24 marks ) There are several feminists perspective that attempt to understand family and household life, especially the role of which the women play in the social institution. However, they are similarities between the feminists perspective as most of them agree that women are oppressed within the family. This can be seen through who has the most benefits from domestic division and how these inequalities are shown. In this essay I will examine the three feminist perspectives on the family: liberal feminism, Marxist feminism and radical feminism. Liberal feminists argue that the family is the key source to male domination and female oppression. They analysed the fact that in the past, father had the right to rule other family members. However, a liberal feminist called Gavron argued the family is a patriarchal institution, which mirrors patriarchal society. Which is seen in our society as most leaders in government predominately male, this is even seen in schools as most head teachers are male thus enforcing society to be more male dominate. The oppression of male domination has also led to women being more subservient in the work place, which make them subservient at home as they abide to the set norms of them cooking, cleaning and caring. Thus makes the liberal feminist believe that patriarchy is not a physical force, but a force of institutional control. In some cases the liberal...
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...TITLE OF THE ESSAY : Child Labour : The Abuse of Girl Child * Siddharth Sharma (2ND YEAR B.A.LLB STUDENT AT NLIU, BHOPAL) TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. WHY A GIRL CHILD GETS MORE VICTIMIZED? 3. SEXUAL ABUSE AND CHILD LABOUR? 4. DO WE HAVE A SOLUTION? INTRODUCTION “Born to parents who themselves were uneducated child workers, many child worker are forced to continue a tradition that leaves them chained to a life of poverty” Child labour violates a nation’s minimum age laws, threatens children’s physical, mental, or emotional well-being, involves intolerable abuse, such as child slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, forced labor, or illicit activities, prevents children from going to school and above all, uses children to undermine labor standards. In this regard The Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act was enacted in 1986. The constitution of India also recognizes the right of children and safeguards their right to survival, protection and development. Article 14 of the constitution bestows right to equality. Article 15(3) empowers state to make special provision in favour of children. Article 23 prohibits traffic in human being. Article 14 prohibits employment of children below 14 years in any factory or mine or hazardous occupation. Article 39 prohibits abuse and exploitation. Article 45 provides compulsory education up to 14 years. India has recently finally left the company of seven other countries that still legally permit...
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...What is ‘globalisation’ and is it good for society? This essay explores the concept of globalisation and whether it is beneficial to society. The essay will consist of the introduction, conclusion and three sections. Section one will define the main terms. Section two will explore the advantages of globalisation and section three considers the criticisms of globalisation. The main thrust is presented, as globalisation is good for society even though it does have some significant and dire consequences. This section looks to explore what globalisation is and define the main terms within the question. Globalisation is an abstract and complex idea; therefore it is difficult to have one general definition of the term. For some people globalisation refers to Americanization whereas to others it refers to integration of the world’s economies into one central global economy. (Pavcnik N. , 2011)The Oxford Dictionary defines it as ‘the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.’ (Dictionary, 2012)There are however various factors, which are influenced by globalisation and each of these would provide different definitions of globalisation. These factors are political, economic, social, cultural and technological factors all of which help establish links between nations. (Webster, 2009)Furthermore it is also difficult to categorise the globe as one general society. Each society differs from one another...
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...The aim of this essay is to collate the approach towards corporate social responsibility of two public limited companies, Apple and Samsung, which are both rivals and partners. In present, Apple is suing Samsung for patent breaches, however, at the same time Samsung is a supplier of some key components for Apple’s products. First of all, a basic definition of corporate social responsibility (CSR) will be presented and followed by comparison of the most important CSR initiatives divided according to the stakeholders, groups having a stake in an organization, that are most affected by the particular activities. These activities will then be discussed from the employees’ and management’s point of view. The essay will finish by outlining whether CSR initiatives are meant seriously. Corporate responsibility can be described as accepting, managing and being aware of the consequences of corporate decisions, and as stressing public good instead of private gain (Boddy, 2008: 689, 156). Social responsibility is based on the mutual dependence of society, environment and organisations (Mullins, 2007: 803). Several authors (Boddy, 2008: 149; Buchanan and Huczynski, 2010: 52) agree that corporate social responsibility belongs to the domain of ethics, which is between the domain of codified law and the domain of free choice. FTSE4Good Index Series have been created as an objective measurement of companies’ performance concerning CSR (FTSE, n. d.). First, in order to keep shareholders informed...
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...Ryan Bruvik October 8, 2014 Faith and Values Professor Mann Muay Thai In this essay I will discuss why 20,000 Thai children (under the age of 15) participating in Muay Thai, for prize money, is unethical from utilitarian and deontological perspectives. Muay Thai is defined as “a martial art developed in Thailand in which blows may be struck with the fists, elbows, knees, and shins” (Collins Dictionary). It is a male combat sport much like boxing that lasts five three-minute rounds and has been apart of the Thai culture for over 700 years (Marantz 2013). This paper will explain both sides of the argument for and against this ethical dilemma. From a Utilitarian perspective I would like to discuss how underage children participating in Muay Thai for money does not provide the greatest benefit for the greatest number currently or in the future. The major problem with Utilitarianism is that we do not know the future, as it is unpredictable. The main Utilitarian argument for children fighting is the income from fighting (win or lose) that helps support the children’s families in Thailand and serves as a mean to escape poverty (Marantz 2013). It also helps boost the economy through things such as tourism and gambling. These examples show that children fighters can bring a lot of good for a great number of people; however this might not necessarily be the greatest good. The major cons of Muay Thai include parents strictly relying on their underage children for income and...
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...AIR 348 RESEARCH ESSAY In what ways have Transnational Advocacy networks (TAN’s) altered the principles and practices of international relations? Discuss in context of Child Labour in India The past century, the century of transformation and changes, which transforms a map of the world. World politics not only alongside with states, many non- state actors work together to form a new world order. Since the World War II, we saw a series of uncertain modification to delimit world order (Pollis, 2000, p9). In this perspective, the human rights issue is widely contested notion emerge over time. Wider gap between access and resources has started super power rivalry. Under these circumstances International community come forward to form new social and cultural norms, which has raised new arguments against the notion and principals of International Relations (Polis, 2000, p9) In this assessment we will explore briefly, how International Non-governmental organizations put their influence, while states are attached with realist principal of international Relations. Even if there are legitimate arguments, what barriers Transnational Civil society may face to achieve their goals and how reformed the principals and practices of international politics. From the view point of International politics, we saw that realism occupies a complex place. In general, it’s a principal pattern in International politics (Synder, 2012, p.17). The key principal of this idea contains the small concept...
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