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How Do Muscles Use This Energy

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Submitted By supertree123
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How do muscles use this energy?
1. “ATP”=Adenosine TriPhopshate
*phosphate groups are attached by high energy bonds
2. When the terminal phosphate group is cleaved off, energy is released
3. ATP->ADP+Pi+Energy
4. This energy is available to perform cellular work
Aerobic Metabolism/Cellular Respiration
-Occurs in mitochondria and requires oxygen
-C612O6+Oxygen->CO2+H2O+36 ATP
-Used with prolonged activities which maintain a constant heart rate
-as long as there is enough oxygen
Anaerobic Metabolism/Glycolysis
-Sometimes your muscles will temporarily run out of O2
-C6H12O6-> lactic acid + 2 ATP
-Used when large amounts of ATP are used for exercise about 90 seconds long
-Anaerobic Metabolism/Creatine Pathway
-utilizes stored energy from Creatine phosphate
-Creatine phosphate + ADP -> Creatine + 1 ATP
-Used at the beginning of exercise before other pathways kick in
-enough energy for about 10 seconds contraction

How does the microscopic structure of you skeletal system relate to its function?
Compact bone: outer layer of bone, has continuous extracellular matrix w/no gaps, makes up wall of diaphysis, dense, made of tightly packed tissue
Cancellous (spongy) bone: made of osteocytes and extracellular matrix, thin layers, many branching bony plates called “trabeculae”, gets nutrients by diffusing into canaliculi that lead to the surfaces of these thin, bony plates, located within trabeculae
Hyaline cartilage: very fine collagenous fibers in extracellular matrix, looks somewhat like white glass, are “models” that bone gradually replaces with parts of embryo’s skeleton, important in the development and growth of most bones, ends of bones in many joints, soft part of nose, in supporting rings of respiratory passages
Dense connective tissue (regular): made of closely packed, thin, collagenous fibers, very strong, binds body parts as parts of tendons and ligaments, located in tendons and ligaments
Dense connective tissue (irregular): thicker, interwoven, randomly organized, sustains tissue tendon, located in the dermis of skin White fibrocartilage: cells in solid gel matrix, supports, absorbs shock, and located in between bony parts of spinal column, parts of pelvic girdle, knee
Chondrocytes: secrete matrix of the tissue and becomes embedded in it

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