...in Central and South Asia. Inequity still continues to be an issue today because of unfair wages and treatment and unequal opportunity. For example, this is seen in Document 1: The Indian Caste System; this is also shown in Document 4: Slavery and the Slave Trade in Rome. The Roman Empire’s economy relied heavily on slaves, unfair labor because 20% of the entire empire was slaves. Document 4 portrays this by showing that in the mid-to-late 3rd century BC in Rome, there were slaves taken as war captives and were also acquired by piracy, trade, and robbery. This led to as many as 75,000 slaves being taken in the first Punic war. These factors affected slaves overtime, this led to slavery being greatly increased. These outcomes affected slaves because the capturing of slaves increased the slave supply, demanding more slaves and growing slavery overtime, as shown in the next Punic War where almost...
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...Animals are continually being given unfair moral rights as seen throughout these horribly conditioned factory farms. Mark Rowlands see this and tries to explain his ideals that animals should be given same moral statuses as human beings. He reveals this kind of moral caste system where humans are on the top of the list whereas other species are on the lower rungs of this system. He gives immature reasoning to tell us that it is unfair that there is this sort of caste system as fundamentally we would want things all fair among us. I object his ideas as I feel as though he isn’t looking at it in the perspective of rational agents who happen to be human as they are the ones who decide this caste system through relationships formed either verbally or non-verbally based on biological and primal needs. Rowlands explains throughout his novel, Animals Like Us, that all animals should have similar moral rights as humans do. He describes this visual picture where animals are within a lower class, a lower caste in a huge system that humans had created where humans have the highest moral grounds. Under his moral club theory, he tries to paint us all as hypocrites where if you do not follow his ideals then it would mean you are a hypocrite. To further explain this, he explains that everyone is born, and everything born will be different, whether that be hair color, gender, race, or even species. Thus since no one has control of what someone or something becomes, that must mean that there...
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...Evelyn Cokkinos HIS 127 The Limitations of Racial Domination - Plebeian Society in Colonial Mexico City 1660-1720 R. Douglas Cope The novel, The Limits of Racial Domination in Plebeian Society in Colonial Mexico City, 1660 -1720, by R. Douglas Cope, describes the caste system of colonial Mexico city in the late 17th and early 18th centuries. The sistema de castas was what the social class structure was referred to as, with the Spaniards on the top of the caste, the Natives and Africans at the bottom, and everyone else in between. The novel dealt with issues such as race and class, economic status, and the riot of 1692 are all discussed. Cope had stated that race was not the major cause of division between the classes, as there were other reasons for the separation of classes. He set out to study the lives of the “urban poor”, their values and daily actions, how race affected their lives, and how they differed from the privileged members of society. Mexico city, like any other city, had its wealthy areas and its poor areas. In the city you could see the Spanish influence that had taken precedence over that of the Aztec culture. The separation between the Spanish conquistadores and the Native people, referred to in the novel as “Indians”, was obvious. When the Spaniards took over they were careful not to give the indigenous people much power in fear that they would revolt and take back the land. For the most part the Spanish settlers gave themselves the better ...
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...about the system of mass incarceration, which are rules, policies, and laws that helped control the amount of criminals entering and leaving prisons. The author begins with slavery and continues to explain the Jim Crow segregation, which both represent mass incarcerations. Mass incarceration prevents discrimination towards groups of people. For example, the author states, “After the death of slavery, the idea of race lives on.” (26) This specific example...
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...Introduction This paper will be discussing the several advantages and disadvantages to sociological change. It will cover how sociology helps people grow, if culture helps or hurts a society, and how Karl Marx influenced our understanding of sociology. Specifically, the social conflict theory will be referenced. Finally, we will talk about whether or not mass media helps the influence of culture and sociological thinking, and how one begins to understand their own social construction. How does sociology help individuals grow as people? It teaches us that we are all individuals and we are all different, and that we need to be respectful of everybody regardless of color, gender, religion, and culture. If you know more about human behavior, you can become good at recognizing lies, hand gestures, and body language that gives away emotions or feelings (Tennessee State University, 2015). Learning about Durkheim, Marx, Weber, and even Charles Darwin teaches a lot about humans and how we have come to understand one another. People hang around in groups, which can evolve into assimilation, believing the group to be one entity. If you happen to not be a part of that group, you are an outcast. Internalization is taking social norms, roles, standards, and values and injecting them into your own mind (Persell, 1990). Society is deemed...
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...Inequalities, both domestic and global, illuminate the inevitability and functionality of stratification. Discuss. The title of this essay covers a very wide topic of stratification, and in this essay I will look at the many different forms of stratification that exist both at home here in Ireland and also on a worldwide scale, but to begin with I’m going to describe and define what stratification really means. In short stratification is basically how society ranks in hierarchy, which in detail means the vertical or hierarchical division of society according to rank, class or caste. Caste is defined as “a form of social stratification based on inherited status or ascription.” and this definition goes on to say that “ones social destiny is determined at birth with no chance or opportunity to change this class you have been born into.1”. It remains to be argued whether this statement is true or false, ! ! personally I think it is possible to change class or to move up or down a social class. Yes ones social destiny is determined at birth but it is possible to move up and down the social class ladder, all it takes is determination. Although if one is to begin at the bottom of the ladder, born into a family with harsh surroundings, it will be much harder to move up the ranks, as your success largely depends on your cultural background. If there is no one around you to support you with your studies or with any educational things you may be interested in, then doing any of...
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...In 1896, a Supreme Court ruling deemed Homer Plessy guilty for sitting in the whites- only section and refusing to get up. He and his lawyers argued that the “separate but equal” doctrine was unconstitutional by breaking the 13th and 14th amendment. In fact, plessy and his family were considered “free people of color.” He also became a social activist(1). Because of that, he joind the Comite des Cotyens which was also known as The Citizens’ Committee to Test the Constitutionality of the Separate Car Law(2). THe unfair decision of the Plessy vs. Ferguson Case influenced the way society ran in the south, the caste system and how the separate but equal doctrine was enforced. During the civil rights movement,, hte government enfocred a strict...
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...Stratification | Slide # | Slide Title | Slide Narration | Slide 1 | Introduction | Welcome to Introduction to Sociology. In this lesson we will introduce and discuss Social Stratification.Next slide. | Slide 2 | Topics | The following topics will be covered in this lesson:What Is Social Stratification?;Caste and Class Systems;The Functions of Social Stratification;Stratification and Conflict; andSocial Stratification: Facts and Values.Next slide. | Slide 3 | What Is Social Stratification? | Social stratification is a system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy. The study of social stratification across cultures shows that it has four basic principles.First, Social stratification is a trait of society. While personal ability and achievement play an important role in a person’s position in the stratification hierarchy, it is also a function of the social organization one operates under. As an example, children who are born into a wealthy family are more likely to enjoy good health, do well in school, succeed in a career, and live a long life.Second, Social Stratification persists over generations. We can see that stratification influences society by observing how parents pass along their social position to their children. Social mobility, a change in one’s position in the social hierarchy, is a product of a high-income society, but it is constrained by the social stratification processes. In America we celebrate the achievements of individuals who come from...
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...Lal in Meerut, Uttar Pradesh revealed a city called Hastinapura, whose name and location coincided with the Kuru capital mentioned in the Mahabharata. Further excavation revealed a layout, building plans and materials similar to the ones described in the text. It is not yet definitively confirmed whether it is the original site mentioned in the story or if it was just modeled after the city in the story. Message of the Mahabharata The Mahabharata, the largest literary history, preaches the principles of Dharma which are unique and relevant at all times. It portrays both good and bad qualities and illustrates how people practicing virtues attain higher goals while people of vices succumb to weakness and eventually meet their downfall. The epic was a response to an age of decline of tradition when society was falling into a crisis of diminishing values. Sage Vyasa, the alleged author, wanted to spread the message that man has a choice between two kinds of life, but it is a life of pursuit of light which leads to disorder and this violation is sooner or later bound to disrupt social harmony. Therefore, the Mahabharata preaches elaborately the ethics which ensure social order and harmony. These ethics are universal and are being followed to this...
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...Electoral reform is change in electoral systems to improve how public desires are expressed in election results. That can include reforms of: * Voting systems, such as proportional representation, a two-round system (runoff voting), instant-runoff voting, Instant Round Robin Voting called Condorcet Voting, approval voting, citizen initiatives and referendums and recall elections. * Vote-counting procedures * Rules about political parties, typically changes to election laws * Eligibility to vote * How candidates and political parties are able to stand (nomination rules) and how they are able to get their names onto ballots (ballot access) * Electoral constituencies and election district borders * Ballot design and voting equipment * Scrutineering (election monitoring by candidates, political parties, etc.) * Safety of voters and election workers * Measures against bribery, coercion, and conflicts of interest * Financing of candidates' and referendum campaigns * Factors which affect the rate of voter participation (voter turnout) Electoral Reforms in India: Issues and Challenges before theElection Commission INTRODUCTION “An election is a moral horror, as bad as a battle except for the blood; a mud bath for every soul concerned in it.” - George Bernard Shaw Electoral reform means introducing fair electoral systems for conducting fair elections. It alsoincludes recuperation of the existing systems to enhance and increase the efficiency...
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...Indian Hindus will not be converted to Buddhism: Dalai Lama This article is regarding the Dalai Lama and his supposed act of encouragement to convert Hindus in Buddhist. These allegations were proven to be false after the Dalai Lama himself denied them. I think it is a very important factor that when choosing a religion or faith that no persons opinion but your own should decided what you decision may be. There are many violent attacks over this matter, which I can understand because it is very disrespectful to any practice. There is nothing wrong with spreading the word or practicing your own religion but once you start forcing opinion or beliefs on others it becomes unfair. God Save The Teens Wow, this was an extremely interesting article. As I read it I mentally made a pro’s and con’s list and I came out with mixed reviews. This article is about a large and growing group of teens from places from New York, south Bronx to Long Island. They have found a new way to practice religion, they do it in the from of rap contests freestyle frenzies and “hip” sermons. This can be a very positive and productive situation considering that it is actually attracting many teens. Yet with terms used like and slogans like “I WOULD DIE TONIGHT FOR MY BELIEFS” and starting sermon off with “yo, God Bless, brother” I find it kind of disrespectful and offensive. Another popular belief among the groups is the way you come looking and dressed to a gathering. Dirty hair and ratty clothes...
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...four years more schooling than Jimmy. He is twenty seven times as likely as Jimmy to land a job which by his late forties will pay him an income in the top tenth of all incomes. Jimmy has about one chance in eight of earning a median income (Bassis, 1991:216). I. Basic Definitions A. Life Chances Life chances refer to one's access to resources. Life chances can refer to one's ability to get food and shelter. It also refers to access to social institution such as health care, education, the government, and the law (to mention a few). Social class affects one's life chances across a broad spectrum of social phenomenon from health care, to educational attainment, to participation in the political process, to contact with the criminal justice system. B. What is Social Stratification? Social stratification refers to the division of a society into layers (or strata) whose occupants have unequal access to social opportunities and rewards. People in the top strata enjoy power, prosperity, and prestige that are not available to other members of society; people in the bottom strata endure penalties that other members of society escape. In a stratified society, inequality is part of the social structure and passes from one generation to the next. C. What is a Class? People who occupy the same layer of the socioeconomic hierarchy are known as a social...
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...Review List and describe the classification of economic systems based on allocation mechanisms * Traditional economy- you do what your parents do * ex: India in a way because of the caste system * Market economy- based on supply and demand, prices * Command economy- based on the government * Markets need homogenous goods, no barriers to entry or exit, perfect information and many buyers and sellers problem is that this is not the case, markets are not perfect List and describe the classification of economic systems based on forms of ownership * Capitalism- people privately own inputs (land, labor, capital) and will use them in their best interests more production more goods and services * Socialism- deals with ownership instead of allocation, distribution based on how much you work, etc., want to be more equal but isn’t efficient because government doesn’t work in same interest as private List and describe the classification of economic systems based on income redistribution and safety nets * Free markets * Maximum criterion- society equalizes everyone’s income, reciprocity- don’t know what will happen tomorrow * Pure communism- government distributes/allocates goods and services * Social safety nets (social market economies)- Germany-very large percent of income goes to taxes free healthcare with good quality * socialism- ownership of goods and services, communism—how goods and services are distributed List and describe...
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...Anabell Abud Professor Armstead SYG 2000 Social Class Paper 20 March 2013 An Analysis of Social Class in the United States As we all explore the outside world, we all see the same traffic, stores, supermarkets, restaurants, and shopping malls. There is just one difference, we all live differently according to social class. The social stratification is a system of structured social inequality. It can be described as one lady going to Macys with her credit card wasting $1,000.00 dollars in merchandise and the other woman going to a store of discounts in clothing with a strict budget of $20.00 paying in cash. Another way I see how there are inequalities in our society is a simple question, can you afford to go buy a Michael Kors bag? If you can’t, then the Payless store it is to buy a look-a-like that can hopefully give strangers the impression that you’re not in the poverty sector. Those that are part of the super-rich see the poor as lazy; they deserve to be with meager needs because they haven’t shown merit to escape the poverty class, and the underprivileged that they have to pay out of their tax dollars to support them. Sociologists say we need the poor it’s good for our economy out of many various reasons that most of society doesn’t realize. At least journalist B. Ehrenreich saw what it was to not make it in America as an experiment to educate us all in the jobs of the working class from the article “Nickel and Dimed.” I know I became well aware of these differences...
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...both meanings being the same. Race is a biological myth, because society believes that it’s real. Ethnicity is a self-identity with a shared culture. Society is structured around one’s social perception of race and ethnicity, which enables society to categorize according to importance. I’ll discuss how one’s position in the racial hierarchy encourages and permits prejudice and discrimination. Today’s society is structured in a way by the dominant group that prejudice and discrimination comes across more subtlety and even at times unintentionally. This wasn’t always depicted that way in the past. For instance, in the 1930’s and 40’s the Nazi Party, the dominant group, was very open about their prejudice and discrimination toward the subordinate groups which included Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, and Jehovah Witnesses. Not only did they express their feelings of hate, but also acted upon them by taking away their civil rights and perused them with violence. The terms race and ethnicity are often used synonymously to each other. The definition of race has altered by society and time. These terms need to be independently defined in order to fully understand when and how to use the terms race and ethnicity correctly. Race is socially defined as a category based on people’s distinctive physical characteristics that are inherited, such as color of skin, shape of eyes, facial structures. Many groups have identifiable characteristics that don’t make the foundation for one’s...
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