...government in order to employed many Irish peasants were continuing to be adopted. Men, women, and even children were employed to improve old roads and build new ones. Many of the workers, who did not have the money to afford proper winter clothes and were malnourished or suffered from various illnesses, fainted and died right on the spot. These people were so poor, especially in the southern counties of the island, that they were buried without coffins (“The Great Hunger”). In January 1847, since this laissez-faire policy proved to be a complete disaster, the government abandoned it and, under the direction of the Prime Minister Russell, the priority became to keep the people alive. The Soup Kitchen Act of 1847 aimed to provide free food through soup kitchens, which were financed by the taxes collected by local relief committees from Irish landowners and merchants. However, since Ireland was going bankrupt,...
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...in the summertime, Irish life would be forever altered. The fungus names phytopthora infestans infected the potato crops of Ireland causing a potato blight in the country. Over one million people died during the next five years because of this blight while over two million people Emigrate Ireland in the ten years following when the blight first struck. It was a major European famine and the last of its kind in Europe. In Irish history, the great famine is known as a watershed. The potato was the main source of nutrition in Ireland at this time especially for the cottier class, agricultural labourers and poor people in general. At least one third of people survived and depended on the potato crop. During the first year of this blight it caused unbelievable mayhem as many people who survived and depended on the potato crop had no other source of food leading to many deaths and...
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...Ian Fischer January 26, 2014 Paper #1 for Global Issues Irish Immigration Before and After the Potato Famine Globalization is to be defined as, “The worldwide movement toward economic, financial, trade, and communications integration,” according to BusinessDictionary.com. The immigration to the exponentially growing United States had been open to all types of ethnicities and cultures throughout the 18th and 19th Century, and along the North-Eastern coast, the people of Ireland were settling. I chose this group and time frame, because I believe it represents globalization at its finest. Immigrants from Ireland had been immigrating to the United States before the Potato Famine, but it had been just the wealthy population of Ireland, because they could afford to start a new life in America. After the Potato Famine in the 1840’s, the majority of the immigrants were the surviving peasants of Ireland, which I will need to research why that was. As I searched for a background source by looking up Irish Immigration to the United States, I found a very informing and reliable website named Irishamericanjourney.com. After I read through this website, I was able to understand their culture and the reasoning behind why they left their country even before the Potato Famine, and how these Irish immigrants were accepted into American Culture and ideology. To find even more in depth information I used Google Scholar through the library’s database to explore what books and articles...
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...Immigration in the United States: Past, Present and Future Immigration and the United States of America go hand in hand ever since it was first discovered by Christopher Columbus. It is a great nation built on and built by immigrants. There were many waves of immigration we can speak of in America, and all of them required a different approach from the government to handle. In the following research paper. In this research paper, I will attempt to demonstrate how immigration in the United States of America came to be what it is today, by taking a look at its overall, concise, immigration history from the colonial times until today, as well as the various state and federal legislations that were implemented with regards to immigration, whether...
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...Well, it doesn’t look good when the United States start securing borders and banning a certain person from the opportunity to start a new life. This could cause tension between any country and the United States. According to the Pew Research Hispanic Trends Project, there were 8.4 million unauthorized immigrants working in the U.S. making up about 5.2% of the labor force (Picard, J., & Goodman, H. A. 2016). Susan Combs is a part of the Texas Comptroller and she stated, ¬ “Without the undocumented population, Texas’ work force would decrease by 6.3 percent” and Texas’ gross state product would decrease by 2.1 percent.” Furthermore, certain segments of the U.S. economy, like agriculture, are entirely dependent upon illegal immigrants (Picard, J., & Goodman, H. A. 2016). With this being said it is starting to look up for illegal immigrant’s roles in the United States. The Department of Labor reported that there were 2.5 million farm workers over the U.S. and nearly 53% of those...
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...UCD CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC RESEARCH WORKING PAPER SERIES 2011 Ireland’s Sovereign Debt Crisis Karl Whelan, University College Dublin WP11/09 May 2011 UCD SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN BELFIELD DUBLIN 4 Ireland’s Sovereign Debt Crisis Karl Whelan University College Dublin 1 May 2011 1 This paper was presented at a workshop on "Life in the Eurozone With or Without Sovereign Default?" that took place at the European University Institute in Florence on April 14, 2011. 1 1. Introduction Among the countries currently experiencing sovereign debt crises, Ireland’s case is perhaps the most dramatic. As recently as 2007, Ireland was seen by many as top of the European class in its economic achievements. Ireland had combined a long period of high economic growth and low unemployment with budget surpluses. The country appeared to be well placed to cope with any economic slowdown as it had a gross debtGDP ratio in 2007 of 25% and a sovereign wealth fund worth about €5000 a head. Fast forward four years and Ireland is shut out of sovereign debt markets and in an EUIMF adjustment programme. Its debt-GDP ratio has soared over 100% and the sovereign wealth fund is effectively gone. In this short paper, I provide a brief review of how this rapid change came about and discuss potential future developments in relation to Ireland’s sovereign debt situation. 2. The Rise and Fall of the Celtic Tiger It is now well known that Ireland’s famed “Celtic Tiger” ended...
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...by a variety of means, local and national. One of the key historical debates concerns the effectiveness of these approaches and the degree of continuity between the premodern and modern police models. Around 1800 a small number of distinctively different types of police institution emerged. The French, under Napoleon, instituted the Gendarmerie, a state military police model. It evolved from the “Marechaussee,” which had had a dual military and civil function since the 16th century. The model was exported across Europe by Napoleon. The British developed two models. The first, set up to answer similar challenges to the Gendarmerie in France, was the Royal Irish Constabulary model. It was close to the state military model, but distinctively styled as part of the civil power of the state and subordinated to the Magistracy. The Irish model was subsequently exported to Britain’s colonies and became the basis of forces such as the Indian Police Service. The Metropolitan Police was consciously created as a local force with a uniform that was deliberately different from the military and a mission that focused on prevention of crime rather than the repression of disorder. This state civilian model became the basis for all UK forces on the mainland and the principal influence on the development of East Coast US policing in the 1840s. As the three models have developed and evolved in different political systems over the years since 1800, they have both diverged and converged in various ways...
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...opportunity to study abroad. It was such a great experience in an academic perspective but also in personal aspects, and during the first semester I decided to follow my studies here for one more year in order to intend a Bachelor with Honours. I really get involved in the system and I met many Irish people during this year, that’s why I would like to extend my experience for an other year to improve as much I can my English skills. I will be mainly surrounded by Irish people and I expect a lot of the year that is coming. At the beginning of the year I didn’t imagine that I will stay here but i met many time the chief of business department and I have the opportunity to follow my studies in Ireland, I don’t want to miss this chance at this stage of my career. Contents Introduction 6 History of Ireland 7 History 7 Geography 15 Irish education system 17 Health care system in Ireland 18 Population 20 Pubs and drinking 22 Religion in Ireland 25 Irish sport and youth society 27 Parliament and government 29 Growth and early industrialisation: 1690 to 1815 30 Economy 31 Policy objective for Irish economy 32 Economy, Ireland becomes a global growth leader 32 Irish Department of Defence Force 36 The defence environment 37 Role of the Defence Forces: 39 Defence Force and the Government: 40 Permanent Defence Force 41 Duties of the chief staff: 42 National and international security framework programme 44 Outputs and targets 45 Defence force...
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...Revolutionary War, The Civil War, The establishment of the Transcontinental Railroad, and the establishment of Labor Unions. Economic factors involved in the development of the railroad meant that there were technological advances such as the steam engine, refrigeration of railroad cars to preserve meat arriving from the slaughterhouses and meat factories. The immigration of over one million Irish immigrants from Ireland in the 1800’s due to the Potato Famine in 1840 was also discussed. The transcontinental Railroad ends at Niagara Falls was another fact that the class was informed by Frank the K. Later we were given a preview of Samuel Gompers who would become a giant in the labor movement which in the 1800’s were still using slave labor, and slave like condition is the...
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...CASE STUDY REPORT Late Blight in Potato and Its Sustainable Management Kiran Parajuli Principles of Sustainability (FS 536) Professor Dr. Gregor Moller Washington State University Pullman, WA ABSTRACT Phytophora infestans causes the devastating diseases in potato crop called late blight. It has two mating type population ie; A1 and A2. While A1 type is reproduced asexually, A2 type is reproduced sexually. The main habitat of these pathogens is moist and damp places where they complete their cycles and completely destroy the potato crop. The potato growers are seeking the sustainable late blight management techniques to increase the yield of potato crop. The integrated disease management process would be the cornerstone of sustainable late blight management. Cultural practices, chemical controls and late blight resistant cultivars would be the integrated late blight management techniques to increase the yield of potato to fulfill the current demand of potato as dietary supplements. INTRODUCTION At first potato was introduced in South America through Andes and was grown in Europe at the initial stage (Haverkort et al. 2008). Potato became one of the best crops worldwide behind the rice, wheat and maize since its worldwide distribution from the Europe in the sixteen century (Spooner et al., 2010). This crop is cultivated in more than 100 countries of the world and more...
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..... .. | | . |A Modest Proposal | |By Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) | |A Study Guide | |Cummings Guides Home..|..Contact This Site | |.. | |Type of Work | |Purpose | |Historical Background | |Summary | | ...
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...Sir Robert Peel Paper September 26, 2011 The impact of Sir Robert Peel on American policing and its history The English statesman Sir Robert Peel (1788-1850) served as prime minister during 1834-1835 and 1841-1846. He played an important role in modernizing the British government's social and economic policies and sponsored the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846. (Gale, 2004, pg.181) Sir Robert Peel was in the great tradition of 19th-century administrative reformers. Though not a doctrinaire, he drew on the most advanced thinking of his day in his reform of British criminal law, the prisons, the police, and fiscal and economic policies. By making government a positive instrument in social reform and by his pragmatic approach to social and political problems, Peel also made an important contribution to shaping the philosophy of the modern Conservative party. (Gale, 2004, pg.181) As chief secretary for 6 years, until 1818, Peel established a reputation for a happy mixture of firmness and compassion. Among other reforms, Peel pioneered in the establishment of a permanent Irish police force and laid the foundations for famine relief. (Gale, 2004, pg.181) In 1821 Peel was recalled to high office as home secretary in Lord Liverpool's government. (Gale, 2004, pg.182) He remained in that...
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...It seems that since the discovery of fire humanity has attempted to imitate and manipulate phenomena that nature has had billions of years to develop and perfect. Cloning is a perfect example of such attempts. In nature, cloning is the process by which genetically identical organisms are produced by way of asexual reproduction. With some success, scientists have been working on ways to reproduce this phenomenon through biotechnology, in a laboratory setting. In biotechnology, cloning refers to the process used to create copies of DNA, cells, or entire organisms. Each of these forms of cloning will be described in this paper, which will then explore the issues surrounding cloning from biological, technological and public health standpoints. Molecular cloning, or DNA cloning, is the process of making multiple copies of an isolated sequence of DNA fragments (Strachan & Read, 1999). This form of cloning is most often used in biological research, but is also used in more practical applications such as genetic profiling and protein production. In practice, techniques such as this are often used producing vaccines and researching cures to common ailments. Molecular cloning isolates a desired segment of a DNA and links this fragment to a primary DNA sequence that is capable of replicating itself and the fragment DNA linked to it. Once this new DNA sequence has been formed, it is then inserted into a cell which will make identical genetic copies of the...
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...Beneficial to the Public () Swift exploits the age-old discourse of ethnic defamation against the Irish that had legitimated the English colonization of Ireland for centuries. One of the most damning elements in Swift’s use of this discourse is that of cannibalism. e discourse of ethnic defamation arose out of the Norman conquest of Ireland in the twelfth century. Clare Carroll points out that “the colonization of the Americas and the reformation as events … generated new discourses inflecting the inherited discourse of barbarism” in early-modern English writing about Ireland (). Narratives of native cannibalism were an indispensable part of these new discourses and practices. For the English authors as well as their continental counterparts, the cannibalistic other of the New World became a yardstick by which to measure the threat posed by internal enemies, be it the indigenous Irish, the French Catholics, or the Moorish inhabitants of Spain.¹ us, it was against the backdrop of the reforma Carroll demonstrates that while continental authors like Bartolomé de Las Casas and Jean de Léry could treat the Amerindians and their cannibalistic practices as being less alien than their respective domestic enemies the moors and the ESC .– (June/September ): – A C teaches English at the University of Alberta as an Instructor. His research focuses on the eighteenth-century British literature and culture of empire. He has been published...
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...Recently more research has focused on the relationship between color and psychological functioning. _____ (Q) Two further experiments establish the link between red and avoidance motivation as indicated by behavioral (i.e., task choice) and psychophysiological (i.e., cortical activation) measures. _____ (R) Four experiments, in fact, demonstrate that the brief perception of red prior to an important test (e.g., an IQ test) impairs performance, and this effect appears to take place outside of participants' conscious awareness. _____ (S) Red impairs performance on achievement tasks, because red is associated with the danger of failure in achievement contexts and evokes avoidance motivation. _____ (T) All of these findings suggest that care must be taken in how red is used in achievement contexts and illustrate how color can act as a subtle environmental cue that has important influences on behavior. _____ (U) Indeed, startling findings occurred in regard to the relationship between red and performance attainment. 2,5,3,1,4 Recently more research has focused on the relationship between color and psychological functioning. _____ (Q) Two further experiments establish the link between red and avoidance motivation as indicated by behavioral (i.e., task choice) and psychophysiological (i.e., cortical activation) measures. _____ (R) Four experiments, in fact, demonstrate that the brief perception of red prior to an important test (e.g., an IQ test)...
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