...PAPER 28 THE HISTORY OF THE INDIAN SUBCONTINENT FROM THE LATE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT DAY READING LIST: 2012-13 C. A. Bayly cab1002@cam.ac.uk 1 The History of The Indian Subcontinent From The Late Eighteenth Century To The Present Day A fifth of the world's population lives in the Indian subcontinent. While today the region’s place in the global world order is widely recognised, this is in fact only the most recent chapter in a longer history. This paper offers an understanding of the part played by the Indian subcontinent role and its people in the making of the modern world. From the decline of the great empire of the Mughals and the rise of British hegemony, to the rise of nationalism, the coming of independence and partition, the consolidation of new nation states despite regional wars and conflicts, and the emergence of India as the largest democracy in the world, this paper is a comprehensive and analytical survey of the subcontinent's modern history. The dynamic and complex relationships between changing forms of political power and religious identities, economic transformations, and social and cultural change are studied in the period from 1757 to 2007. In normal circumstances students will be given 6 supervisions in groups of 1 or 2. Key themes and brief overview: The paper begins by examining the rise of British power in the context of economic developments indigenous to southern Asia; it analyses the role played by Indian polities and social groups...
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...Domestic Violence: Marital Abuse Sa panahon natin ngayon, ating masasabi na ang isyu ng abuso ay hindi na bago sa ating mga pandinig. Araw-araw ay may mga nababalita na iba’t ibang uri ng abuso sa ating mga telebisyon. Mayroong mga nagagawa ang ating mga kababayan na maari na palang ituring na animal abuse, mayroong iba’t ibang kaso ng child labor na isang uri ng child abuse at ang marital abuse na isa sa mga mainit na balita o isyu ngayon dahil sa ilang mga pares ng mga artista na nagkakaproblema dahil dito. Ang kasong isinampa ni Sunshine Cruz laban sa kanyang asawa na si Cesar Montano noong nakaraang Agosto ay isa sa mga pinag-uusapang isyu ngayong taon sa ating bansa. Ayon kay Sunshine Cruz, ang pang-aabuso ng kanyang asawa ay nagsimula pa noong buwan ng Enero. Naghain si Cruz ng reklamo na siya ay pisikal, emosyonal at sekswal na inaabuso ng kanyang asawa. Ikinwento din ni Cruz na may pagkakataon na kinuha ni Montano ang kanilang mga anak at ipinagbawalan siyang makita ang mga ito (Andrade, 2013). Lahat naman ng ito ay itinanggi ng kampo ng actor na si Cesar Montano (Cruz, 2013). Ang mga isyu tulad ng kaso ng mag-asawang Cruz at Montano ay hindi lamang nararanasan dito sa Pilipinas, ito rin ay pinoproblema na ng halos lahat ng bansa dito sa mundo. Upang mas maging malinaw ang pagtingin sa isyu na ito, iba’t ibang mga batas at patakaran ang ipinatupad. Nilalaman ng mga batas at patakaran na ito ang sariling depinisyon ng mga bansang ito sa marital abuse at kung kailan...
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...Necessity knows no law. Bần cùng sinh đạo tặc. In December 2008, just a few months after the U.S. financial system imploded, New York City was hit by a flurry of bank robberies. On the Monday before New Year’s, four banks were attacked in an hour-and-a-half; one daytime raid took place just steps from the Lincoln Center in downtown Manhattan. The week before, San Diego had seen four bank holdups in a single day. Criminologists wondered if the holiday spree was the first sign of a looming crime wave in recession-battered America. Take an uptick in poverty and economic misery, toss in budget cuts to police departments across the country, and that should be a blueprint for chaos—right? Except, as it turns out, the exact opposite occurred. According to FBI statistics, crime rates went down across the board in 2009. Way down. Murder, rape, robbery, assault, auto theft—plummeted, one and all. Then, this week, the FBI released preliminary data for the first six months of 2010, and again the same pattern emerged. Violent crimes and property crimes alike have been falling in every region of the country. What gives? Have experts just completely misunderstood what causes people to commit crimes? There's certainly no shortage of theories for why crime rates have gone down over the past two years. The simplest is that crime just isn’t closely related to economic conditions. Consider, after all, the two big crime epidemics in the twentieth century—the first took root in the late 1960s...
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...Sharon K Santayana Professor Ashley Trunko English 101 25 June 2014 Writer’s Checklist for Cause and Effect Essay 1. Have I identified the cause or effect I am analyzing in my thesis? Yes I have by describing what the causes are for poverty and the great effects this has. 2. Have I explained the cause-and-effect relationship convincingly? Yes I have by citing examples. 3. Have I organized my causes and/or effects logically? Yes I have by using transtions. 4. Have I used sound logic? Yes I did. 5. Have I concluded my essay effectively? Yes I did 6. Have I proofread thoroughly? Yes I did. Sharon K. Santayana Professor Ashley Trunko English 101 25 June 2014 The Poor Get Poorer “It’s More Fun in the Philippines!” a famous tourism campaign for this island of 7,107. The Philippines is one of the major countries frequently visited by tourists every year. From its booming nightlife to its immaculate white sand beaches, one would think that this country has it all. Think again. Poverty is a big problem in the country. With its lack of education, health care, food, shelter, and jobs, to add the high crime rate, this country is far from where someone would imagine living in. “Poverty is often identified as a situational condition contributing to the possibility of negative outcome for at-risk populations” (Tuason 40). What causes poverty? Who are affected? Poverty stems from the lack of resources for an over populated geographic location...
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...making the two politicians the first in Colorado’s history to be unseated in special elections (Healy). Morse was at the forefront of the successful effort in Colorado to pass sweeping legislation that tightened gun regulations and implemented extended background checks (Ferner, “John Morse, Colo.”) in the wake of the Newtown, Connecticut shootings of 2012. For his efforts, he was pursued vehemently by pro-gun activists and organizations (Millhiser). Morse persistently fought for his beliefs despite knowing the political risk he was taking in the purple state of Colorado, where voters are sharply divided on the issue (“Colorado Voters”). With “no regrets” (qtd. in Ferner, “State Sen.”), Morse did what he 2014 Winning Essay: John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Essay Contest for High School Students felt would be best for his state, martyring his Senate office for it and proving himself “courageous in [his] unyielding devotion to absolute principles,” as John F. Kennedy wrote in Profiles in Courage (Kennedy 19). As a state senator in the very state where both the...
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...Nila Tavangarian Women Studies 30 January 30th, 2017 WS Midterm Exam Winter 2017 Part 1: Brief Essays – the Beauty Myth 1) In Wolf’s “Chapter 6: Hunger” in the Beauty Myth she argues that anorexia and bulimia is taking over women in the West. She claims that, “Women must claim anorexia as political damage done to us by a social order that considers our destruction insignificant because of what we are-less,” (Wolf, 208). I agree with the feminist perspective in “Hunger” that women are affected by pop culture and media to starve themselves until the point where they are unstable. Unfortunately, many women in the US are influenced to look like women in pop culture, however this has caused millions of suicides and health issues that...
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...Untraditional Families Naomi Gerstel and Natalia Sarksian have shed new light on the subject of minority families and their differences to the traditional nuclear families in their essay, “The Color of Family Ties.” According to their work, those of White descent make up most of all nuclear families which can be described as a father, mother and children all living in one household. Gerstel and Sarkasian point out that it is not always the case that, “Black and Latino/a, especially Puerto Rican families are more disorganized than White families, and that their families ties are weaker,” as they are often thought of by those in politics or the media (62). In fact Gerstel and Sarkasian write, “Blacks and Latinos/as, are as likely as Whites-and in some ways more likely-to be supportive family members” (63). This is evident in Roger Jack’s “An Indian Story” and Melvin Dixon’s poem, “Aunt Ida Pieces a Quilt.” Both these writings exhibit great examples of minority, untraditional families with very strong ties and supportive relationships and yet it is arguable that one family is lacking in kinship. “An Indian Story” by Roger Jack is a story a young boy who many refer to as Jack and his nonnuclear family. When Jack is just a young boy his mother dies then his father remarries and starts a new family, which makes the boy uncomfortable with his living situation so he decides to go live with his late mother’s sister, Aunt Greta. It is apparent that even before he decided to move with...
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...balance of armed conflicts has shifted towards those which take place predominantly within states. The growing number of separatist and secessionist movements in Southeast Asia has become an increasing threat to political stability in the region and have been a major source of disruption in post-colonial times. The region has both the highest incidence of ethnic conflict and the highest number of independent ethno-political groups, with most internal conflicts based around communal, religious or ethnic issues (Reilly 2002, 8). This essay will argue that separatism is a result of a collective sense of grievance from social, economic, ethnic or political marginalisation. It will present the case studies of West Papua and the GAM (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka) movement in Aceh, Indonesia to demonstrate this marginalisation and its relation to national coherency in the terms of perceptions of identity and inclusion within national discourse. Firstly, this essay will discuss the modernisation and democratisation of the region and the role it plays in marginalisation. It will then explore the marginalisation in West Papua and Aceh and compare the effect on both separatist movements. The region of Southeast Asia is in the midst of significant economic, social and political change. From authoritarian rule to democracy and from tradition to modernity, these transitions can often lead to conflict (Reilly 2002). The rapid democratisation of multi-ethnic states is likely to lead to ethnic-based...
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...and communication patterns attributable to a variety of factors (such as race, ethnicity, religion, SES, historical and social context, physical or mental ability, age, gender, sexual orientation, or generational and acculturation status” (Cross-Cultural Care, 2012). The human service professional can deliver tailored services and care that caters to diverse beliefs, behaviors, and value systems. Team B will examine characters Celie and Mr. (Albert) in the movie “The Color Purple.” This essay will define the cultural issues or problems of Celie and Mr. (Albert), develop a plan for the delivery of culturally competent services to the characters, develop culturally competent strategies to address those issues, explore the richness of cultural diversity, and the benefits, and drawbacks as portrayed by Celie and Mr. (Albert). The movie “The Color Purple” is an adaption by Steven Spielberg of the novel written by Alice Walker. Walker addresses the issues of sexual abuse, domestic violence, and how these unhealthy traits do not have to be passed on to future generations. The character Celie is an African-American woman who was uneducated, emotionally and physically abused, raped, and bared two children by her stepfather. Celie’s stepfather gave the children away after they were born. Celie’s stepfather gave her to Mr. (Albert) who was looking for a good worker to take care of his children and help out on his farm. Mr. (Albert) married Celie...
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...The Grapes of Wrath Essay The Joad’s family trek from Sallisaw, Oklahoma to California was one full of suffering and devastation ,yet was full of hope. Upon arrival to California, the suffering and devastation did not cease or lessen ,it grew, as hope became nothing but a mere inkling in minds of the Joads. John Steinbeck ,the author of The Grapes of Wrath ,wrote of many topics that revolved around the “American dream” and the obstacles in between. Human survival became a first and violence became an everyday issue. People had it bad where they lived and they fled their country looking for a second chance in California because that’s what the “American dream” is; a second chance. All those who took refuge in California went through a process and several changes. Steinbeck used the Joads to give his novel a personal feel ,almost an up close view, and then he had those chapters that were repetitive and more widespread. Some of those chapters really help capture a lot of the inhumanity ,indignity ,fellowship, and selfishness in his novel. Within the first chapters of the book we learn about the struggle to get to California. One of the most symbolic chapters in the beginning of the book would be chapter three, where one reads about a turtle struggling and dragging itself along a highway. He reaches a highway embankment with his head held high ,but once he starts climbing up the embankment his efforts become much more frantic. He strains and slips , then has to crawl over a four...
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...Ivarsson English 100 – 19 Professor Fisher Essay 4 – draft one December 9, 2014 Intro: The world we live in today is far more globalized than that of our previous generation. Before social media and other instant forms of communication existed, people did not need to worry about speaking a different language or the way it was spoken. Dialects and accents had little meaning because of the barriers that surrounded each community prohibited the inhabitants of much interaction with people from other societies. Today however, people can speak with each other regardless of location, which emphasizes the importance of the power of language. The negative consequences that come from this is that those who do not master a language perfectly or differ from perfect speech are discriminated against in the general community. A phenomenon, which writer Gloria Anzaldúa, who wrote the article “How to Tame a Wild Tongue,” calls “Linguistic Terrorism.” According to her, linguistic terrorism negates not only the speaker, but also the experiences and culture behind that person (Anzaldúa). Thesis: Although language can be used as a tool of power, the use of faulty and imprecise language negates the speaker and causes negative consequences. Body 1, Tan: An accent is an example of imprecise English, which causes people to make negative or positive assumptions about the speaker based on the information that accent reveals. Example: In Amy Tan´s essay “Mother Tongue,” she provides an example...
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...FOREIGN STUDIES Divorce is the hardest challenge that can happen to a couple especially if they have kids. It is painful for the husband and wife to finally end their marriage but they are two matured individuals who are strong enough to handle changes in their lives. The impact of this turn of events in a family’s life is more devastating on the children. Not only is that it painful for them on that moment to hear the news that their parents are getting a divorce. But the worst that can happen is the long term effect that can eventually ruin their future. In most cases, usually one parent keeps custody of his/her children. But despite of that, the thought that they are no longer complete seem unacceptable. Here are some effects of a broken family on children: 1. A broken home can make a child insecure. Insecure in a sense that he no longer had a complete family he can call his own. For a child’s mind, a family is composed of a 2. The insecurities, self-doubt and lack of confidence in a child can eventually make him uninterested in school. More often, those who are out of school are products of a broken home. 3. Sometimes a child’s reaction on his parents’ announcement of a divorce is not visible. He keeps to himself the pain, shock and anger he feels. This in turn makes him vulnerable to anger, depression, revenge, alcohol, crimes, drugs and so on. He makes these as his outlets. Too much depression, alcohol addiction and drug dependency, if left untreated, can make him mentally...
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...MASCULINITY: CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF A VISUAL ARTIFACT Visual Culture Essay 2 Module 2 Wessel Viljoen 090029 Genieve Eloff Thursday 14h00 Word Count = 860 TABLE OF CONTENT Pages LIST OF FIGURES…………….....……………………………………………iii 1. INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………..1 1.1 What is Musculinism…………………………..………………………..1 1.2 Branded Masculinity…………………………………………………….1 2. MASCULINISM AND ADVERTISING………………………………………...2 3. CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………………..3 4. BIBLIOGRAPHY………………………………………………………………...4 LIST OF FIGURES Page Fig 1 Old Spice, The Man Your Man Could Smell Like, 2010. ………………….2 INTRODUCTION 1.1 What is masculinism? Masculinity is a word that describes an idea generated by the media of what it entails to be a man. According to Cohen(2001:5) “a gender is formed by shared beliefs or models of gender that majority of society accepts as appropriate”. Gender ideals are socially constructed in specific historical and cultural context and changes over time and location. As identified by Brannon (1976) being a hegemonic masculine male entails four main themes: (i) No Sissy Stuff: men must never resemble women or display stereotypical characteristics of a woman. Kimmel (2001:35) suggests that “Homophobia is a centralised principle of our cultural definition of manhood.” (ii) The Big Wheel: the ability of real men to obtain wealth, fame, success and status. Typically determined by occupation. (iii) The Sturdy Oak: manliness...
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...Fiction Essay COURSE # and TITLE: ENGL102: Literature and Composition SEMESTER OF ENROLLMENT: Spring D 2013 NAME: Derek Crans ID #L23213772 WRITING STYLE USED: MLA Derek E. Crans Spring Semester ENGL 102 Student 03-30-2013 The Pursuit of Luck ultimately leads to Death Thesis Statement: “The Lottery”, by Shirley Jackson, and D.H. Lawrence’s “The Rocking-Horse Winner” offer stories of luck both will be compared and contrasted. One of which focuses on a son that wants to help his Mother with her financial problems, while the other begins with gathering stones on a sunny day in a town which uses the lottery to determine which person will be sacrificed to help the coming harvest Outline Title: “The Pursuit of Luck ultimately leads to Death” I. Introduction A. In what ways is The Lottery & The Rocking-Horse Winner Similar? B. In what ways is The Lottery & The Rocking-Horse Winner Different? II. Summary of Setting uses A. Setting of stories 1. Where take place 2. When take place B. Atmosphere 1. How does the atmosphere affect characters 2. Compare/Contrast atmosphere in two stories III. Conclusion A. Not so lucky ending B. Morals of the stories from a Christian Perspective I. Introduction “The Rocking Horse Winner” by D.H. Lawrence and “The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson are both similar in how the short stories write about luck. Also they offer similar elements of love, fear, and ritual. “The Rocking Horse Winner”...
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...Traditional Barriers(The Lottery) Jamaria Erykah Bryant Reading Essay October 3, 2014 Richland Middle School 1 Traditional Barriers Tradition during the time period of my story(The Lottery) consisted of the men and there son o sixteen having more authority than the women. During this time the village was stuck on tradition ways that ultimately held them back and separated them from other villages. There were se traditional beliefs that was practiced. The men who were consider head of house was only all pick from the lottery box, they only believed in using the same lottery box, and the lottery whic sacrifice would be held every year at the same time and place. One way to prove they were stuck on tradition would be the value the black box held to the Even though the black box grew shabier as each year passed, it was no longer black, splintere and faded but they refused to use another even after it was mention by the younger people in th But at the advise of the older men in the village they broke down the box and rebuilded it us original wood. The first settlers of the village built the box by wood when they first decided to lottery and because of that change was not an options. The first settlers would put wood chip box for the village people to pick, but as the village grew so would the number of wood chips. got to the point where the wood chips would not fit and only for that reason the elders agreed to paper but not without a debate on how...
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