...Schultz Professor Bodi ENG 112 13 September 2015 Achieving “Flow” []In “Finding Flow” Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi explores the idea of what it means “to live” (544). Csikszentmihalyi compares living with his idea to flow. Throughout the “Finding Flow” excerpt, Csikszentmihalyi discusses the idea of flow is to have a clear and concise goal, provide immediate feedback, and to balance skills and action opportunities (548). Csikszentmihalyi discusses a study he and his students conducted on employees of a factory that assembled railroad cars. Csikszentmihalyi goes on to describe the workplace as “a huge dirty hanger where one could hardly hear a word because of the constant noise” (545). The general morale and attitude of the employees were poor and most waited for the end of the day to hurry out of the factory to drown out every day monotony of factory life with other activities. There was one employee in particular, Joe, who Csikszentmihalyi describes as a married, sixty-something year old, almost illiterate man who was self taught to fix everything in that factory. Joe and his wife had a large rock garden filled with misty fountains that Joe built. Even when it was dark out, the fountains made a rainbow. The other factory workers had respect for Joe and would ask for his help to fix things. Csikszentmihalyi asks,“ What makes a life like his serene, useful, and worth living?” (545). Csikszentmihalyi goes on to discuss that often different parts of life do not line up with all parts...
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...Best known for his “Theory of Multiple Intelligence”, Howard Gardner believes that each individual has his/her own way learning and processing information, relatively independent of one another. This leads us to the fact that each of us have our own unique intelligence quite contrary to the general intelligence factor among correlated abilities. These relatively independent information processing capacities is what we call the “multiple intelligences.” He has already identified eight intelligences: linguistic, logic-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. To add to this he is still considering a ninth: existential intelligence- the posing and pondering of the so-called “big questions” in life, but has not added it yet. A German-born Jewish Psychiatrist and Psychotherapist, Fritz Perls was the proponent of the “Gestalt Therapy”- a form of psychotherapy he developed with his wife. Though related but not identical to the Gestalt psychology, the essence of Gestalt Therapy lies in enhanced awareness of sensation, perceptions, bodily feelings, emotion and behaviour in the present moment. It seems like an electric shock making you more aware and alert. Emphasis has also been laid on relationships coupled with the contact between the self, its environment, and the other. Also known as the Father of Positive Psychology, Martin Seligman worked to create a ‘positive’ theory which focussed on “What can go right?” Looking across...
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...Running head: HOW FLOW AND CSIKSZENTMIHALYI How Flow and Csikszentmihalyi Came To Be S Langford Regis University Kristy Frush April 12, 2009 How “Flow” and Csikszentmihalyi Came to Be One may wonder who Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi is. In this discussion a review his life as a child and into his adult life and how he came into discovery of the “flow” development. Discussions of his accomplishments as well as those who are inspired by him are given. Sometimes a person needs to know about a person’s background in order to appreciate the obstacles experienced for the realization that is possible for others to overcome ones past and realize the possibility of a more positive future. A view of how the “flow” has benefitted some. Csikszentmihalyi is known for his obsession for serenity, the man behind the “flow” and his life experiences getting there. On September 29, 1934 he was born in Fiume, Italy to his father a Hungarian diplomatic (Answers, 2006). He lived in various places growing up such as Rome and Florence. During his time as a child he spoke various languages from German, Hungarian, and Italian which proved to be an asset while living in an Italian prison camp during World War II. He lived through bombing throughout Rome as well as POW and refugee camps. It was during this time he learned how to play chess which became his way of escaping the world and the routines of the daily life activities of and from the war (Starr, 2008). The rules and guidelines...
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...people desire are sometimes the things that harm people the most. Robert Kubey, a professor of journalism and media studies at Rutgers University, and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, a professor of psychology and management at Claremont University, demonstrate in their article, “Television Addiction Is No Mere Metaphor,” how television addiction can likely be associated with “drugs like alcohol and cigarettes” (Kubey and Csikszentmihalyi 259). Many Psychologists define substance dependence as “a disorder characterized by criteria that include spending a great deal of time using the substance; and reporting withdrawal symptoms when one stops using it” (Kubey and Csikszentmihalyi 260). Although no researcher has yet to gather statistics on withdrawal symptoms, Kubey and Csikszentmihalyi demonstrate through ethos, pathos, and logos that television addiction is type of dependence and should be taken seriously....
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...According to the research of Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi in the article “If We Are So Rich, Why Aren’t We Happy?”, there is actually a very weak correlation between “material and subjective well-being” (Csikszentmihalyi 822). After doing intensive research and completing multiple readings about happiness, I have come to a conclusion that happiness is a long-term state of being that is attained through an active approach toward everyday decision making while simultaneously is formed by aspects of life in which people have much less control over, such as their genetics and living conditions. Actively making new positive life choices, genetic factors, and the surroundings within one’s living environment all have an equally significant role in determining the quantity of happiness a person will experience and if that person will achieve...
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...Proposal Background information: B.L Frederickson (2000) first theorised a strategy for stress management, stating that “people might improve their psychological well-being… [through] cultivating experiences of positive emotions at opportune moments to cope with negative emotion”. This was developed by Folkman (1997) and W. Knight (2001), similarly claiming that the experience of positive stimuli may help to reduce chronic stress. However, Knight and Schriffin and Nelson (2008) both proposed that in the presence of positive stimuli, heart rates lower while happiness levels rise, resulting in overall decreased stress levels. Subsequently, this investigation intends to explore the effect of positive stimuli upon happiness and stress levels within participants, measured through the Oxford Happiness Index. Aim: To investigate the relationship between heart rate and happiness levels, measured through the Oxford Happiness Index scores. Research Design: Experimental Method of Data Collection: Subjective quantitative (OHI) and objective quantitative (HR). IV: Physical arousal and psychological state before and after exposure to stimuli. DV: OHI scores and heart rate. Hypothesis: As heart rate decreases, the OHI will increase after exposure to stimuli. Data analysis: Measures of the OHI were taken through pre and post exposures to the calming stimuli to establish a base-line of measurement. The mean, median and standard deviations of the data were recorded, tabulated...
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...Scenario Construction of Positivity in Indian Scenario Construction of Positivity in Indian Scenario Dr. Jamal Akhtar*, Sarah Kazmi Rizvi** *Professor, Department Of Psychology, Govt. MLB Girls PG College (Autonomous), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India ; email: jamal.akhtar28@gmail.com ** M.B.A., Delhi School of Economics, Delhi University, Delhi, India ; email: sarahkazmi90@gmail.com Abstract- Positivity refers to the degree to which something is positive or the quality or state of being positive. Positivity is that which accepts the world as it is, takes inspiration from it and sees the brighter side of it. Positive Psychology, a newly developed branch of Psychology, is an evolving branch of psychology developed by Martin Seligman and Mihaly Csikszenmihalyi in 1998. It was developed in order to get an insight and understanding in to various dimensions of the concept of positivity. The aim of this branch of psychology was summed up by its authors in the following words: “We believe that a psychology of positive human functioning will arise that achieve a scientific understanding and effective interventions to build thriving in individuals, families and communities.” Positive psychologists seek to find and nurture genius and talent and to make normal life more fulfilling rather than treating...
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...requirements for the degree of Master of Design in Interaction Design © Carnegie Mellon University, 1997. All Rights Reserved. Author Advisor Richard Buchanan Department Head & Professor of Design Carnegie Mellon University Advisor Suguru Ishizaki Assistant Professor of Design Carnegie Mellon University May 1997 Designing forAn Experience: Design Approach to Human-centered Jodi L. Forlizzi Submitted to the Department of Design, College of Fine Arts, Carnegie Mellon University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Design in Interaction Design Abstract My thesis attempts to understand experience as it is relevant to interaction design. Based on the work of John Dewey, Mihalyi Csikszentmihalyi, and Richard Carlson, I identify two types of experience in user–product interactions: satisfying experiences and rich experiences. A satisfying experience is a process–driven act that is performed in a successful manner. A rich experience has a sense of immersive continuity and interaction, which may be made up of a series of satisfying experiences. Based on this definition, I identify a set of design principles with which to create products that evoke rich experiences. These principles are intended to encourage designers to think about how to create user–product interactions that suggest values and communicate meanings that enrich the quality of life. Narrative plays a key role in these design principles. Our series of life experiences...
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...Question 1 1 out of 1 points | | | |[pic]|1. Peter Salovey is sometimes referred to as the “Father of Emotional Intelligence.” | | |Answer | | |Selected Answer: | | |[pic] True | | |Correct Answer: | | |[pic] True | Question 2 1 out of 1 points | | | |[pic]|2. The Limbic System (mainly the Amygdala) is where our social and emotional centers are located. | | |Answer | | |Selected Answer: ...
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...Positive Psychology An Introduction Martin E. P. Seligman Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi A science of positive subjective experience, positive individual traits, and positive institutions promises to improve quali~.' of life and prevent the pathologies that arise when life is barren and meaningless. The exclusive focus on pathology that has dominated so much of our discipline results in a model of the human being lacking the positive features that make life worth living. Hope, wisdom, creativity, future mindedness, courage, spirituality, responsibility, and perseverance are ignored or explained as transformations of more authentic negative impulses. The 15 articles in this millennial issue of the American Psychologist discuss such issues as what enables happiness, the effects of autonomy and self-regulation, how optimism and hope affect health, what constitutes wisdom, and how talent and creativity come to fruition. The authors outline a framework .['or a science of positive psychology, point to gaps in our knowledge, and predict that the next century will see a science and profession that will come to understand and build the factors that allow individuals, communities, and societies to flourish. E ntering a new millennium, Americans face a historical choice. Left alone on the pinnacle of economic and political leadership, the United States can continue to increase its material wealth while ignoring the human needs of its people and those of the rest of the ...
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...Media: Mirror of Society Everywhere in the world, society keeps evolving and changing. The thoughts, mindsets, and ideas of cultures all over the world are constantly changing due to the influences of what they see. The media has always had a role in the construction of an individual’s body image and ideal self. In the article “How does the media influence our thoughts on body image?” Kayhan, Baig, Mehmi and Basra argue that during the early 20th century the ideal, beautiful woman was 5’4 tall and about 140 pounds with a small mid-section; yet, for some if not most women, in order to achieve a small waist they would be put into a Victorian hourglass corset, which shrunk the woman’s waist to a much smaller size, we still see these tactics used by today’s women. This issue isn’t only occurring in the United States, it is a worldwide problem that continues to grow. The media uses the social elite, such as athletes and actresses, to advertise products and goods; the use of these models can have significant outcomes, both negative and positive, on individuals in our society. The positive being that viewers of these magazines that advertise skinny models and fit athletes may be influenced to change their lifestyle from unhealthy to healthy. The negative being that viewer’s want to take the quickest and easiest ways in order to achieve results, which can lead to dangerous side effects and habits. So the question is, is it even worth it to try to look perfect if dangerous methods...
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...Education that is significant to life nurtures integrated human beings and not success seeking ones. My intention in writing this paper is not to accomplish another academic goal. I write with feeling for you and me and the world around us. I feel deeply about us changing who we are and the world we live in. I believe in the power of transformation that we can bring about in ourselves as humanity. Our transformation begins with honest self-knowledge. You and I need to get to know our selves. You and I are not separate. We are one. We can understand each other if we start by simply accepting and knowing each of individual selves. When we do that, we naturally extend to understand each other and the world around us. We then begin to see our integration and deep connection with all of life. This sense of integration, of being one, leads to all rightly compassionate action. Compassionate action ends the chaos, confusion and violence we live with today. You and I as adults, have to do this hard work on our own. However, that does not need to be the case for our children. I believe that there is a kind of education that can nurture self-aware, integrated beings. This kind of education is significant to life and deeply connected with natural living. It is in contrast with mainstream education that is disconnected from real living. In this paper, I claim that our current mainstream education approach is aimed at bringing about success but that success is not the fulfilling end result...
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...and fluctuates according to historical and geographical contexts. Question 3 options: | True | | False | Save Question 4 (1 point) Anarchism is a theory of governance that rejects any form of ________ authority. Question 4 options: | female or minority | | false or misleading | | central or external | | governmental | Save Question 5 (1 point) One of the main objectives of terrorism is usually to gain publicity for some cause. Question 5 options: | True | | False | Save Question 6 (1 point) According to _____, murder, especially murder-suicide, constitutes the highest form of revolutionary struggle. Question 6 options: | Johann Most | | Karl Marx | | Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi | | Albert Schweitzer | Save Question 7 (1 point) As there is very little organized legislation one might call the law of terrorism, typical perpetrators are usually charged with ______. Question 7 options: | disturbing the peace | | terrorism | | political incitement | | other offenses | Save Question 8 (1 point) Guerilla warfare is an unacceptable form of combat and is therefore...
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...|Home |Part 2 |In Real Life | | | |Personal/Professional Development Essays & Real Life Application of Adult Motivation Principles | |Interacting with Colleagues and Parents | |Part 1: The Effective use of Conflict in Small Group Discussion | |Scroll down to: Prevention; Detection; Action; Communicate Effectively; | |Researchers have found that conflict, in small discussion groups, can lead to the discovery of new ideas and | |opinions. Through efforts to maintain group norms, effective group members can reduce the negative effects of | |conflict by Prevention, Detection and Action. | |New ideas and opinions help discussion groups ready for productive and effective outcomes. In their book on | |organisation behaviour, Hersey & Blanchard noted: As the group gains experience, knows each other better, and | |attains some expertise, it will progress to a higher stage of readiness. (1988) i To advance to a higher state | |of readiness, all group members should have an opportunity express their ideas and opinions without fear of...
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...ARTICLE IN PRESS Int. J. Human-Computer Studies 63 (2005) 436–451 www.elsevier.com/locate/ijhcs Developing creativity, motivation, and self-actualization with learning systems Winslow Burlesonà MIT Media Lab, 20 Ames St. Cambridge, MA 02139, USA Available online 10 May 2005 Abstract Developing learning experiences that facilitate self-actualization and creativity is among the most important goals of our society in preparation for the future. To facilitate deep understanding of a new concept, to facilitate learning, learners must have the opportunity to develop multiple and flexible perspectives. The process of becoming an expert involves failure, as well as the ability to understand failure and the motivation to move onward. Meta-cognitive awareness and personal strategies can play a role in developing an individual’s ability to persevere through failure, and combat other diluting influences. Awareness and reflective technologies can be instrumental in developing a meta-cognitive ability to make conscious and unconscious decisions about engagement that will ultimately enhance learning, expertise, creativity, and self-actualization. This paper will review diverse perspectives from psychology, engineering, education, and computer science to present opportunities to enhance creativity, motivation, and self-actualization in learning systems. r 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Keywords: Creativity; Learning systems; Psychology; Failure; Motivation Education...
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