...substantially across the United States in recent years; there are constantly new medical studies to allow everyone to have the best quality of life possible. While this may seem as though improvements are being made for everyone in the country, this is far from the truth. Minority groups have been subject to several types of health disparities, and are not as impacted by the healthcare system because of this. “Furthermore, statistics showed that the poor and minorities - blacks, Native Americans, and Hispanics - had higher rates of illness, more days lost from work, a greater infant mortality rate, and a shorter life expectancy” (Sherrow 37). In both the average society and medical facilities, racial minorities have been...
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...institutional racism. Like all other institutions in the US, implicit and explicit racism has always been a part of the healthcare system. Professionals in the healthcare system often treat African Americans and other minorities unequally and provide lower quality treatment that results in worse healthcare outcomes when compared to White...
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...Julian Jane Atim, MBChB, MPH Uganda Health Marketing Group (UHMG) Stephanie Cantu Harvard Medical School Jonelle Wright, PhD, RN University of Miami Introduction This module consists of four (4) sections. After completing the training, you will take a short quiz on the training content. After completing the quiz, we ask you to answer a few optional questions to give your view of this training module. Learning Objectives By the end of this module, you should be able to: Describe the concept of Cultural Competence in Research Explain the importance of Cultural Competence in Research Describe ways to enhance the engagement of diverse populations and communities in research Identify cultural competence challenges faced by researchers when working with culturally diverse populations Cultural Competence in Research Culture is fundamental to everyone's perceived identity. It is a mix of one's values, beliefs, standards, norms, behaviors, language, communication styles, and thinking patterns.[1] Cultural competence refers to understanding the importance of social and cultural influence on the beliefs and behaviors of the patient, student, colleague or client.[2] Cultural competence in health care describes the ability of systems and health care professionals to provide high quality care to patients with diverse backgrounds, values, beliefs, and behaviors, including communicating effectively and tailoring delivery to meet patients' social, cultural and linguistic...
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...trust in the health care system and a negative experience can impact their ability to trust and receive effective treatment. Throughout history African Americans have been subjected to racism and discrimination in which these past experiences can be pasted down from generation to generation effecting their beliefs in the health care system. Experimentation on slaves and the Tuskegee Experiment are just a couple of negative experiences to impact African Americans and their trust in physicians and health care in general that continue to this day. Mistrust in the health field for African Americans stems from numerous events, one being that of the experimentation on slaves. Back in the day when the white population owned slaves, they were subjected at times to very painful and unethical experimentation. In the South African Americans filled hospital beds where they were used as dissection experiments to help doctors perfect their practice in the medical field (Harris, Gorelick, Samuels, & Bempong). They were also used to test new techniques and remedies. One such example is that of a slave named Fed. Fed was “secured in an open pit in the ground that was then covered and heated to test which medication enabled him to withstand heat. Each session ended when Fed finally succumbed to the heat and fainted” (Harris, et al.). Slaves were also used to test the safety of vaccines, which was obtained by injecting them with certain diseases such as small pox. Distrust in health care only continued...
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...Healthcare Disparities amongst minorities Racial and ethnic minorities have a predisposition to obtain a lower quality of healthcare than those of non-minorities, even when access-related factors, such as a patients’ insurance status and income, are measured. The sources of these disparities are complex, and are rooted in historic and contemporary injustices, and includes numerous participants at several levels, including health systems, their administrative and bureaucratic processes, utilization managers, healthcare professionals, and patients. Research and studies have found indications that stereotyping, prejudices, and uncertainty on the behalf of healthcare providers can all contribute to unequal treatment. The situations in which many clinical encounters take place - written off as high time pressure, cognitive complexity, and pressures for cost containment, may perhaps increase the chance that these practices will consequently result in care poorly matched to minority patients’ needs. Minorities can experience a range of other barriers to accessing care, even when insured at the same level as Caucasians; which may include language barriers, geographical areas, and cultural familiarities. Furthermore, financial and institutional arrangements of health systems, as well as the legal, regulatory, and political atmosphere in which they function, may have unequal and negative effects on minorities’ capability to reach quality care. A widespread, multi-level...
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...BURDEN OF HEALTH INEQUALITIES IN THE UNITED STATES Thomas A. LaVeist, Ph.D. Darrell J. Gaskin, Ph.D. Patrick Richard, Ph.D. September 2009 foreward Not everyone in the United States enjoys the same health opportunities. Studies show that minority Americans experience poorer than average health outcomes from cradle to the grave. They are much more likely to die as infants, have higher rates of diseases and disabilities, and have shorter life spans. As the U.S. Congress and the Obama Administration work toward enactment of legislation to reform America’s health care system, a central focus of the debate has been the projected cost of ensuring accessible and affordable health care to every citizen. While some have struggled with the premise that health care reform can actually reduce health-related spending, the experience of racial and ethnic minorities under our current health care system is a strong indication that improving opportunities for good health – and minimizing inequities in health care access and outcomes – may well be good for the nation’s fiscal health, as well. This study, commissioned by the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies and carried out by leading researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the University of Maryland, provides important insight into how much of a financial burden racial disparities are putting on our health care system and society at large. The researchers examined the direct costs associated with the provision of care to a sicker...
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...THE RIGHT TO HEALTH IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA WHAT DOES IT MEAN? Acknowledgements ...............................................................................................................i About the Center for Economic and Social Rights ...............................................................i Executive Summary............................................................................................................ ii Introduction......................................................................................................................... 1 I. The Legal Framework for the Right to Health ................................................................ 4 A. The Right to Health in the UDHR and ICESCR..................................................... 5 B. Substantive Elements Required to Fulfill the Right to Health................................ 6 C. Procedural Protections of the Right to Health ........................................................ 7 II. The Current U.S. System ............................................................................................ 8 A. The Legal Structure................................................................................................. 9 B. The Financial Structure: Who Pays? Who Profits? .............................................. 11 III. International Standards in the U.S. Context .......................................................... 13 A. Availability...........................
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...CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN HEALTH CARE: EMERGING FRAMEWORKS AND PRACTICAL APPROACHES Joseph R. Betancourt Massachusetts General Hospital–Harvard Medical School Alexander R. Green and J. Emilio Carrillo New York-Presbyterian Hospital–Weill Medical College of Cornell University FIELD REPORT October 2002 Support for this research was provided by The Commonwealth Fund. The views presented here are those of the authors and should not be attributed to The Commonwealth Fund or its directors, officers, or staff. Copies of this report are available from The Commonwealth Fund by calling our toll-free publications line at 1-888-777-2744 and ordering publication number 576. The report can also be found on the Fund’s website at www.cmwf.org. CONTENTS About the Authors.......................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................... iv Executive Summary......................................................................................................... v Introduction .................................................................................................................... 1 Findings........................................................................................................................... 3 Defining Cultural Competence ..............................................................................
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...An important health disparity that exists in the world today is diabetes disproportionately affecting Non-Hispanic Blacks. Through extensive research, one can discover many solutions to decrease this disparity. In order to reach these conclusions one must first uncover what causes this disparity as well as the prevalence and incidence rates. The prevalence and incidence is much higher for Non-Hispanic Blacks than for other races. A survey conducted in 2010 shows that 18.7% of Non-Hispanic Blacks ages twenty and older have diabetes (2011 National Diabetes Fact Sheet). This prevalence is 9% higher than what research has shown for Non-Hispanic Whites. The incidence rate of diabetes in Non-Hispanic blacks has been increasing since 1997 and is currently 5.4% higher than in Non-Hispanic Whites (Age-Adjusted Incidence of Diagnosed Diabetes). Due to the fact that this is one of the fastest-growing groups in the United States, this will only continue to increase (National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse). There are clearly some very influential factors that are affecting these extreme differences. There are many factors...
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...Navigation and the Impact on Breast Care Christina Reid-Brown California Baptist University Foundations of Management BUS 503A February 9, 2015 Dr. Marc Weinger Abstract This research paper evaluated the relationship between navigation and navigator roles as they relate to the patient journey with breast cancer. The goal of the research was to determine if these care coordination models eliminated institutional barriers experienced by patients trying to coordinate breast care in a complex healthcare system. It also evaluated the effectiveness of the navigator role as it supports the elimination of barriers to care for minorities and women living in low-income and underserved communities. This study reviewed the results from surveys given to women being treated for breast cancer at different hospitals, and cancer clinics to determine if navigation improves patient access to appropriate evidence-based healthcare. The findings showed higher patient satisfaction and compliance, continuity of care, decreased anxiety levels, and increased social support systems from families and friends when navigation services were provided. Key Words: Patient Navigator; Breast Care Coordinator; Breast Care Patient Navigator; Breast Cancer in Women; Current Studies involving Breast Cancer Introduction Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death and the most common disease found in women living...
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...looks at culture as the internal social element, along with the larger social forces of health inequalities and racism, which have shaped current outcomes or the virtual reality of living as an ethnic minority. Values can differ greatly between cultures, and even within them, so it is impossible for institutions to govern with values that align with everyone. This applies to mental health as well, as definitions of health and illness vary so differently across cultures. This means that mental health diagnosis is tied so closely to culture, and is largely impacted by dominant western culture...
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...Immigrant Minority Health: Disparities in Self-Reported Diabetes Mellitus among Arab, Chaldean, and Black Americans in Southeast Michigan. Hikmet Jamil, Monty Fakhouri, Florence Dallo, Thomas Templin, Radwan Khoury, Haifa Fakhouri Wayne State University, University of Texas Immigrant Minority Health: Disparities in Self-Reported Diabetes Mellitus among Arab, Chaldean, and Black Americans in Southeast Michigan Abstract This study shows a disproportionately amount of minorities are affected by diabetes mellitus in the medical community. This study reveals statistic facts as well as documented facts. Research has consistently documented that on almost any measure, minorities have poorer health than do other groups. Not many minorities report to their primary care physician for some signs and symptoms due to diabetes mellitus. The United States population has become increasingly diverse, making it a reliable source of information on the reports of this disease. This research will show facts as to why immigrant minorities have disparities among minorities. Social, economic, and environmental factors are research to find the disparities of this deadly disease. This study examines the effects it has on three ethnic groups: Arabs, Chaldean, and Blacks. Using...
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...Health Services for Special Populations Being underprivileged is not where everyone is striving to be especially when it comes to healthcare. Certain population groups are faced with daily challenges when it comes time to access health care. “Being in category “medically disadvantaged” or “underserved population” can be due to unequal social, economic, health, and geographic conditions” (Shi and Singh,2015). “Underprivileged group consist of racial and ethnic minorities, uninsured children, women, those living in rural areas, the homeless, the mentally ill, the chronically ill and disabled and those with HIV” Shi and Singh, 2015). “In 2010 a questionnaire was made with 15 racial categories that included white, Black, American Indian or...
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...Asians in Health Jonathan Hansen 12/21/14 In the USA healthcare has become of a major focus. The US Census states that there are various groups considered minorities. (CDC) The census shows that 36.3 percent of the population in the USA belongs to one of the minority groups. (CDC) Having known what it is like to be part of these minority groups, it comes to know surprise that Asian’s appear on this list. The first Asians to immigrate to the USA were the Japanese in 1843. (CDC) Asians are found in every state, and every side of both health outcomes and socioeconomic statuses. (CDC) There are myths surrounding the Asian Americans. Many believe that all Asian Americans are wealthy, well- educated, and live great and glorious lifestyles. (AAHI, 2005) This is far from the case, with this group being one of the fastest growing populations in the US, over one million of them live in poverty. Poverty increases the risk of health problems due to the lack of education (on health promotion), access to care, insurance, and cultural beliefs. (AAHI, 2005) Poverty creates many complications in one’s health and recuperation from illness. Like any other minority group, Asians often won’t seek out healthcare for fear of being deported and not understanding what the health problem is. To this day many Asian Americans do not understand western medicine and prefer traditional remedies and treatments over seeing a doctor or taking a pill. (Louie, K. 2001) Asian’s suffer from various diseases...
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...This article uses logos to show the type of women who are getting their mammograms done in terms of race. From the article it shows that the study found out that minority women are less likely to get a mammogram. Only “62% of Hispanic women got their mammograms in the past 2 years at age 40, and 66% of White and Black women got their mammograms at age 40” (Susan G. Komen pg2). This shows that minority women are more likely to have breast cancer since they have the less percentage of mammograms. The article also shows that some of the barriers that women might have that prevents them from having their mammograms might be “low income, lack of access to care, lack of usual health care provider, lack of awareness, or cultural and language barriers” (Susan G. Komen pg1-2). This might be the answer to the question, because minority women tend to have a lower income they are more likely to struggle in going to get their mammograms than White women. This goes to shows how women who are in different social classes have different lifestyles. The Susan G. Komen non-profit organization’s point of view is that this is putting minority women at a higher chance of developing breast cancer. With minority women having the least percentile of mammograms this makes the issue of breast cancer remain the...
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