...Impact of Celebrity Endorsements on Brand Image Debiprasad Mukherjee* August 2009 * Debiprasad Mukherjee is a Business Process Management Consultant in IT Telecom domain. He has experience of working with Siemens, IBM, and Tech Mahindra in India and abroad. He holds Post graduation in Management from Indian Institute of Social Welfare & Business Management, India and Bachelor in Technology in Electrical Engineering. His areas of interest are Brand Management, Consumer Behavior, Advertisement, Customer Relationship Management, Data Warehousing, Business Intelligence, Master Data Management etc. Email:- debiprasad.mukherjee@techmahindra.com / debiprasad.mukherjee@gmail.com Contact: - Techno India Building, 6th Floor EM-4/1, Sector V, SaltLake, Kolkata-700091, INDIA Tel No: +91 334002 8146 / +91 9830318394 This paper can be downloaded from the Social Science Research Network Electronic Paper Collection: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1444814 Electronic copy available at: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1444814 Abstract Celebrity endorsement has been established as one of the most popular tools of advertising in recent time. It has become a trend and perceived as a winning formula for product marketing and brand building. It is easy to choose a celebrity but it is tough to establish a strong association between the product and the endorser. While the magnitude of the impact of celebrity endorsement remains under the purview of gray spectacles, this paper is an effort to analyze...
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...1 Celebrity Endorsement Over 30 years ago Nike signed a huge endorsement contract with Michael Jordan. A deal that is still going on and turned into a lifetime contract. As of now Jordan is gaining more than 60mio US$ every year out of this collaboration (Totalsportek, 2015). This example proves just how much money is spent on celebrity endorsement every year. This also seems to be valid since celebrity endorsement is very valuable as it has the power to make marketing messages stick out more in today’s cluttered marketing environment (Meenaghan, 2001). Within this context athlete endorsement is amongst the most popular forms of celebrity endorsement (Bush, Martin and Bush, 2004). Celebrity endorsement can be divided into three distinct forms: explicit endorsement, where the endorser clearly recommends a product, implicit endorsement where he just mentions that he uses the product, and lastly he can co-present a product, through showing himself with the product (McCracken, 1989). Overall, celebrity endorsement has the ability to significantly influence the view on the endorsed brand, since in a consumer’s mind a high quality endorser is generally seen as a sign for superior product quality, leading to a better evaluation of the brand (Till, 2001). Additionally, well selected celebrity endorsement generally has a positive financial influence for the brand. Several researchers identified a positive impact of endorsement announcements on the stock market price of the respective...
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...International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences ISSN: 2278-6236 IMPACT OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT ON BRAND EQUITY IN COSMETIC PRODUCT S. Sivesan* Abstract: In the present business environment, marketers are using different kinds of marketing strategies to achieve the organizational goals. Celebrity endorsement is one of the marketing strategies which are adopted to achieve the organizational goals. Celebrity endorsement advertisements have been known as ‘ubiquitous feature of modern marketing. This study attempts to measure the impact of celebrity of endorsement on brand equity in the cosmetic product. For this purpose, 123 respondents were selected by using systematic random sampling methods. The data analysis covered correlation, regression, and rank order by using the version 16.0 of SPSS package. Results revealed that celebrity endorsement and brand equity are positively correlated with the value of 0.3394 which is highly significant at one percent level. A result of the regression analysis is celebrity endorsement 0.44 which means 44 percent impact on brand equity. This study would hopefully benefit to the academicians, researchers, policy makers and practitioners through exploring the impact of celebrity endorsement and brand equity. Keywords: celebrity endorsement, brand equity, advertisement *Lecturer, Department of Marketing, Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka Vol. 2 | No. 4 | April 2013...
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...THE IMPACT OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT ON BRAND IMAGE IN MALAYSIA BY ELHAG SIDDIG ELHAG ELHUSSEIN BBA113AQ570 SUPERVISED BY: PROF.HAJ.DR. S N YASSIN ALHEETY FACULTY OF FINANCE & ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES AL-MADINAH INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY SEPT 2014/1436H THE IMPACT OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT ON BRAND IMAGE IN MALAYSIA By ELHAG SIDDIG ELHAG ELHUSSEIN REF NO: BBA113AQ570 Supervised by: PROF.HAJ.DR. S N YASSIN ALHEETY Project Paper Submitted to the Department of Economics and Administrative Sciences of Faculty of Finance & Administrative Sciences Al-Madinah International University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Business Administration CERTIFICATION OF PROJECT PAPER WORK Name of Student | ELHAG SIDDIG ELHAG ELHUSSEIN | Name of Supervisor | PROF.HAJ.DR. S N YASSIN ALHEETY | Faculty | Faculty of Finance & Administrative Sciences | Program | Bachelor of Business Administration (Hons) | I have seen and read the final draft of the above student’s project paper and, in accordance with the requirement of the faculty guidelines certify that: I am satisfied that this thesis, prima facie, is worthy of examination both in terms of its content and its technical presentation relative to the standards specified in the academic program rules for the degree. _______________________________________________________________________ __________________________ DECLARATION I hereby declare that, this dissertation...
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...Websites Compliance of X.509 Certification Standard in the Implementation of Third Party Certification in Malaysian E-Commerce Websites Syahida Hassan Mohd Khairudin Kasiran Graduate Department of Information Technology Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok Kedah, Malaysia syahida@uum.edu.my mkasiran@uum.edu.my Abstract The concept of trusted services forms a key issue for any kind of electronic services. Third Party Certification (TPC) endorsement has been used as one of the methods to instill consumers’ trust. Creating initial trust through implementation of TPC is very important because the consumer has a tendency to trust brand names.. This paper looked closely at the implementation of the TPC in Malaysia which reveals that there are many problems related to the implementation of these seals. Problems like the awareness of merchants on the important of third party seals to their business, unverifiable endorsement, misleading link, unauthorized use of logos and no endorsement at all are still there in Malaysian environment. Based on this fact, the paper will focus on how far the implementation of third TPC is complied with X.509 certification standard. The output of this study can give an important background on the current implementation of TPC and be used as a basis of initial evaluation for business opportunity as a service provider for this kind of certification in Malaysia The fast rising number of broadband user also give significant changes in E-Commerce usage in Malaysia....
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...area are Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and City of Hope Research Hospital, both in Los Angeles. Both facilities cater to and are championed by Hollywood celebrities, so in many respects they are similar. Their positioning and differentiation is distinctive in other respects, however. This paper will examine the positioning and differentiation of both organizations, noting their similarities and differences. Cedars-Sinai can boast that “Many a star has been born, literally” there (“Cedars-Sinai Medical Center,” 2008). Its location, “where Los Angeles meets Beverly Hills and West Hollywood,” ensures that it serves movie stars and other Hollywood celebrities, and this visibility prompts exceptional care (“Cedars-Sinai Medical Center,” 2008). In addition to its star-studded patient list, the hospital is also known for being a teaching and research hospital that has approximately 600 different research programs (“Cedars-Sinai Medical Center,” 2008). Even its Board of Directors boasts such notables as Steven Spielberg and Sherry Lansing, and it enjoys celebrity supporters such as Barbra Streisand, Denzel Washington, Mel Gibson, and others (“Cedars-Sinai Medical Center,” 2008; “Cedars-Sinai Medical Center,” n.d.). Cedars-Sinai’s positioning and differentiation are both related to its celebrity image. It has positioned itself as the hospital to the stars by extending special privileges to stars at the expense of its ordinary, non-celebrity patients. It provides “private, 24-hour...
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...Selection Criteria 23 Issues involved 26 Failure 27 Impact Analysis Framework 29 Case Studies 34 Conclusion 37 Facts and Figures 40 References 45 INTRODUCTION “A sign of celebrity is that his name is often worth more than his services.” -Daniel J Boorstin And this is what exactly the marketers took as a firm base to advertising industry. We people are diehard fans of movie and sports stuff, and this characteristic of consumers has invited the concept of endorsing celebrities from different fields namely movies, sports, glamour, fashion, modelling etc for different brands. With several products being launched every other day, advertisements for each one of them may go unnoticed but even then the glamour...
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...Celebrity Endorsements According to David Lamoureux, the average consumer sees 3000 to 20000 forms of advertisement a day (2004). One of the most frequent and successful forms of advertisement in this day and age is the use of celebrity endorsement (Gnanapragash, et al, 2004). Celebrity endorsement is the use of famous individuals who demand a high level of respect, trust, recognition and awareness globally or nationally. Such people lend their name and image to promote a product or service (Elberse, Anita, and Jeroen Verleun, 2012). Although the literature covers many theories as to why we use celebrity endorsements, this review will focus on three main themes which are constantly mentioned in the literature. These themes are: Determinants of Celebrity endorsement, reasons for increased usage of celebrity endorsements, advantages and disadvantages of this approach as a brand building strategy. The paper will primarily focus on endorsements as a brand building strategy even though the literature presents these themes in a variety of context. 2. Determinants of Celebrity Endorsement A celebrity endorser is “an individual who enjoys public recognition and who uses this recognition on behalf of a consumer good by appearing with it in an advertisement” (McCracken, 1989, page 310). Friedman and Friedman state that “a celebrity endorser is an individual who is known to the public for his or her achievement in areas others than of the product class endorsed” (Friedman...
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...There are two important viewing-related factors account for this. To begin with, youngsters in these age gatherings have diverse program and channel inclination. As documented earlier, non-programming content such as advertising and program promotions does vary, sometimes dramatically, across networks. Second, the amount of television that these children view affects their cumulative exposure to non-programming content. Children 2-7 watch an average of two hours and three minutes per day, while 8-12 year-olds watch for 3.25 hours per day, and 13-17 year-olds for an average of 2.48 hours per day. Differences across these age groups will have a dramatic effect on the amount of ads children are likely to see on a daily - and yearly – basis (Gantz...
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...Obama was endorsed by Oprah Winfrey, a celebrity with a proven track record of influencing her fans’ commercial decisions. In this paper, we use geographic differences in subscriptions to O! – The Oprah Magazine and the sale of books Winfrey recommended as part of Oprah's Book Club to assess whether her endorsement affected the Primary outcomes. We find her endorsement had a positive effect on the votes Obama received, increased the overall voter participation rate, and increased the number of contributions received by Obama. No connection is found between the measures of Oprah's influence and Obama's success in previous elections, nor with underlying local political preferences. Our results suggest that Winfrey’s endorsement was responsible for approximately 1,000,000 additional votes for Obama. JEL Classification Numbers: D7; D72 We are grateful to Bill Evans for his comments and guidance. We also would like to thank Kerwin Charles, Allan Drazen, Mark Duggan, Kyle Handley, Judy Hellerstein, Dan Hungerman, Melissa Kearney, Brian Knight, Sebastian Miller and seminar participants at the University of Maryland for useful suggestions. For access to their data, we thank the Audit Bureau of Circulations, Mediamark Research and Intelligence and Jim King at Nielsen BookScan. All errors remain our own. INTRODUCTION Political endorsements...
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...Celebrity Advertising: Literature Review and Propositions Peter Yannopoulos* In this paper we review several studies in the area of celebrity advertising. Topics include, why companies use celebrity advertising, achieving the right fit between the brand and the celebrity, the use of athletes as spokespeople, financial considerations of celebrity advertising, and potential risks of celebrity advertising. Next, we develop several propositions and discuss the conclusions and managerial implications of the research. Field of research: Celebrity advertising, Celebrity endorsers, Sponsorship, Celebrity spokespeople 1. Introduction A celebrity endorser is “an individual who is known to the public (actor, sports figure, entertainer, etc) for his or her achievements in areas other than that of the product class endorsed” (Friedman & Friedman 1979). Sponsorship is defined as “providing support for and associating the organization‟s name with events, programs, or even people such as athletes or teams” (Peter & Donnelly 2006). Corporations have chosen both sponsorship and celebrity endorsement as means to increase exposure and brand awareness, as well as reposition their products. The terms celebrity endorsement and sponsorship will be used interchangeably in this report. It has been estimated that about 10% of the dollars spent on television advertising are used in celebrity endorsement advertisements (Agrawal & Kamakura 1995). Because of its importance, it is imperative for managers...
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...THE IMPACT OF ASAP 18 CELEBRITIES ON PURCHASE DECISION OF THE TEENAGERS Pierre Jaca, Cassandra Soliman, Apryll Vivas San Beda College – College of Arts and Sciences This research aims to provide an answer in understanding the behavior of consumers towards celebrity endorsements. It will give an answer as well as measuring the effectiveness of using celebrity endorsers from the high rating tv program of ABS-CBN, ASAP 18. Does the show, or the artists itself affect consumer’s behavior? Keywords: attention, familiarity, teenagers | | One of the most significant Principle of Marketing is Promotion. It is a means of getting your message out to the public. This is mainly done through Advertising in the form of radio, newspapers, magazines, billboards, television, on line promotions and moving media such as vehicles and agents. Among all these forms, the best and prevalent way of Advertising a product or a service is through the Television. It is said to be the most expensive yet most effective way of introducing the product in the market place to be known by the people. With Television, anyone who will be viewers of a TV channel can see and notice the product get endorsed. Moreover, certain high rating program affects product familiarity to viewers and customers because it is associated with appealing celebrities which can induce its desirability to the market place. It is said that: Advertising needs to stop consumers and hold their attention in likable ways: “Where...
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...are associated with severe negative consequences for the addict and those close to them. There is currently a distinction in research between chemical based addictions (i.e. the use or abuse of a substance) and behavioural addictions, also called impulse control disorders, although their underying aspects are almost identical. Chemical addictions have been researched for longer and more is known about them. The abuse of substance(s) can disrupt an otherwise healthy life and cause severe physical damage and in many cases leads to an early death due to physical damage sustained from the substance. Non-chemical addictions, also called behavioural addictions such as pathological gambling often result in severe financial hardship, damage to long fostered social relationships, including family. and can involve criminal prosecutions, as can chemical addictions. Although I have used the term addiction in this website, its use is contentious in professional and academic communication as its meaning often differs across contexts and can be imprecise. Instead, terms such as 'pathological gambling' or 'substance abuse' are used in the diagnosis of addiction related diseases. Video Game Addiction Researchers have explored the notion of video game addiction since the mid eighties, however the research on the topic is disparate and preliminary. Research is accelerating now. Due to the abovementioned shortfalls of the term 'addiction', the phenomnon has also been...
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...To Study the Impact of Advertisement on the Brand Preference towards Aerated Drinks ( In Jalandhar City ) Submitted to Lovely Professional University In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION Submitted By Group 22 Supervisor Manish Rajput Lecturer LSM Name Mr. Brajdeep Mr. Sayeem Rafiq Mr.Manveer Roll No 40 42 45 Regd. No 10805062 10807184 10804985 DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY PHAGWARA (2010) 1 DECLARATION We, "Brajdeep, Sayeem and Manveer”, hereby declare that the work presented herein is genuine work done originally by us and has not been published or submitted elsewhere for the requirement of a degree programme. Any literature, data or works done by others and cited within this dissertation has been given due acknowledgement and listed in the reference section. Brajdeep (10805062) Sayeem Rafiq (10807184) _______________________ _______________________ Manveer (10804985) _______________________ Date: 03/4/2010 2 TO WHOMSOEVER IT MAY CONCERN This is to certify that the project report titled “Impact Of Advertisement on the Brand Preferences towards Aerated Drinks in Jalandar City carried out by Mr.Brajdeep Singh S/O Shri Jagdev Singh has been accomplished under my guidance & supervision as a duly registered MBA student of the Lovely Professional University, Phagwara. This project is being submitted by him/her in the partial fulfillment...
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...puts consumers in charge and renders businesses entirely vulnerable to the consumer’s preferences. Thus to stand in the competition, the upsurge of celebrities endorsing brands has been steadily increasing over the past few decades. Marketers acknowledge the power of celebrity in influencing consumer’s purchase decision. Millions of dollars are spent as the celebrity endorsement can bestow unique features upon a product that it may have lacked otherwise. Not lacking behind, Soft Drink companies are also advertising their product through various media and spending millions of dollars on celebrities to endorse their product. Around 35% of the total cost is spent by the Soft Drink Company especially in Advertising. Various Movie Actors and Sports Players are hired to endorse the Soft drink Brand. Therefore, I took this opportunity to study the Impact of Advertisement on Brand Preferences towards Soft Drinks. This research is a Descriptive Research where Primary data was collected from 80 respondents by using a questionnaire through Convenience Sampling and Secondary data was collected from Internet and Research papers. The Data collected was analyzed via using SPSS 16 Software. The major findings of the report are that the Advertisement has a severe impact on the brand preference towards Soft Drinks. Television is the first choice of people for searching the information, and then followed by...
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