...Nurse Education in Practice (2007) 7, 26–35 Nurse Education in Practice www.elsevierhealth.com/journals/nepr Exploring bullying: Implications for nurse educators Sharon L. Edwards a a,* , Claire Frances O’Connell b Department of Pre-registration, Nursing Faculty of Health Studies, Buckinghamshire Chilterns University College, Chalfont Campus, Newland Park, Gorelands Lane, Chalfont St. Giles, Buckinghamshire HP8 4AD, United Kingdom b Green Lawns, Kilmona Grenagh Co., Cork, Republic of Ireland Accepted 27 March 2006 KEYWORDS Bullying; Violence; NHS; Higher education; Nurse education Summary This article examines briefly the issue of workplace violence and bullying in the hospital environment, but more importantly how the same and different styles of bullying and intra-staff bullying are emerging in nurse education. The content describes the aetiology of violence and bullying and their place in the National Health Service (NHS) including nursing. It explores bullying as the principle form of intimidation in nurse education, the different types and subtle forms of bullying, why individuals become bullies, dealing with and the consequences of bullying. The legislation, guidelines, policies are part of the recommendations for practice. c 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Introduction In modern day society, it could be argued that violence and aggression is a common aspect of daily life. Violence and abuse within the hospital setting occurs...
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...Paper 3 - Victims of Bullying, Mental Health, and Nursing Victims of bullying are at a high risk of developing various types of mental illnesses, and the evidence on this topic in the research literature can be used to inform psychiatric nursing practice. The available studies on mental health and its connection to bullying victims shows that preventing mental illness and promoting mental health involves a comprehensive approach, using combination of techniques that must be implemented by many stakeholders. The information that comes from these studies suggests that psychiatric nursing must take research findings into account. It also suggests that nurses have a definite role to play in terms of providing direct patient care, referring the patient to other helpful medical and community resources, offering education to the patient and family, and providing follow-up care. Specific interventions based on this evidence could also be adopted by Registered Nurses (RNs) after they graduate. Literature Review There is a wealth of literature available on the subject of bullying. This literature demonstrates that there is a clear link between bullying victimization and many types of mental health issues. However, it also suggests ways that mental health could be promoted among this population, and how rehabilitation could be administered. Studies have shown that bullying victims are at a higher risk for certain types of mental illness, and that issues of symptom severity, compared...
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...Unfortunately, it can be easily postulated that this applies to nurses as well. The concept of lateral violence or nurse bullying isn’t new. Purportedly, an article in The New York Times, published in 1909, noticed that head nurses abused their position in “the abominable outrages” and “outright persecution” against other nurses (Castronovo, Pillizzi, & Evans, 2015). This paper will explore modern day bullying behaviors, causes and impact and, more importantly, who is ultimately responsible for ending the cycle of violence. Given the entrenched nature of lateral violence, the change needed does not rest with one entity, but rather starts with nursing staff recognizing the offenders, continues on to nurse managers supporting their staff and recognizing the problem and ends with determined hospital administrators enforcing a zero-tolerance policy. Background Bullying occurs when a person, over time, becomes aware that they are enduring destructive or antagonistic behavior from one or more individuals, and the person bullied has a hard time guarding against the abuse. Three common indicators...
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...five published articles as they relate to the concept of Lateral violence (LV) within the nursing profession and how it directly affects the work environment. The concept of LV is also known as abusive behavior, horizontal violence, bullying, aggression, horizontal hostility, verbal abuse or “nurses eating their young”. There are four main themes that appear throughout the five articles. The negative effects that LV has on nurses’ health, moral and sense of worth. The negative impact that LV has on patient care and outcome. The negative impact that LV has on the recruitment and retention of nurses by health care organizations. And who should be responsible for eliminating the phenomenon. Within the articles there is a shared belief that strong leadership is needed to create codes of conduct and enforce zero-tolerance policies. Employees should be provided education and training on effective communication skills as well as conflict resolution. Furthermore nurses should hold themselves accountable through adopting and modeling professional ethical behaviors so that LV can be eradicated from the professional workplace. Keywords: abusive behavior, lateral violence, horizontal violence, bullying, aggression, horizontal hostility, verbal abuse, nurse eating their young. Thesis Even though nursing is known as a caring profession, it is not uncommon to find Lateral violence (LV) within the field of nursing. Lateral violence is a negative phenomenon within the nursing profession...
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...and professional/personal concerns on bullying identified (Quine, 2001). The results revealed that out of 330 RN respondents, 72% reported positive to bullying at various occasions in line of their career. Of this segment, clear hostility seemed most frequent in surgical/medical, operational rooms, emergency, obstetrical areas of care and adolescent residential behavioral/ mental health units. The main culprits to these act are non-other than; charge nurses, senior nurses, physicians and nurse managers. This is impartial research among others that have been carried in the United States in relation to nursing careers. Indeed, bullying in nursing profession is stirring at alarming rate that should be moderated through implementation of a number of rules and procedures. The act ought to be rectified since allowing bullying in a nursing environment does not only damage interpersonal relationship in a healthcare facility, but also has devastating effect to the whole group, the patient quality of care, overall financial loss, and give a bad image to the workplace (Quine, 2001). Consistent bullying, affects a nurse physically with chronic health conditions, psychological depression which ultimately lowers his or her occupational performance capacity. These conditions eventually led to increased rate of sickness occurrences, inadequate staffing and poor job performance. Very few nurses can accept bullying at work. It is evident that female nurses are more at risk since bullies target...
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...called, horizontal violence. Horizontal violence is an act of aggression from one nurse to the other. Horizontal violence impedes teamwork, hinders patient care and causes a negative work environment (Becher & visovsky, 2012). Even though workplace politics exists in every profession, the effects of horizontal violence, or bullying, in nursing is a costly behavior. Nurses feel devalued in the workplace and experience psychological effects. Patients are likely to experience less favorable outcomes, and retention is difficult costing facilities large amounts of money to recruit and hire replacements. Types of violence Horizontal violence is physical and or verbal behavior that is believed by the recipient, to be degrading, threatening and considered inappropriate (Bartholomew, 2014). According to Doyle (2001), there are several ways to undermine one's dignity in the workplace. This list includes: humiliating and intimidating the victim, verbally assaulting, and implying threats. Intruding on co-workers, and stalking the targeted person, is another form of horizontal violence. Moreover, repeatedly imposing deadlines and tasks that are unfavorable or impossible is also considered as a form of workplace bullying. Dellasega (2009), states that the participants, willing or not, of horizontal violence, are divided into three roles. The first role is the perpetrator, the nurse or nurses responsible for the aggressive behavior. The second participant is the victim...
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...December 20, 2012 HCA/250 Bullying in the workplace Journal review assignment Bullying in the workplace Journal review assignment Workplace bullying is when an individual repeatedly, harms the mental health of another person or several by mistreating them in more than one form of abuse. It is the need of an individual to have control over another targeting them, conducting methods finding the right timing and location to intimidate. It can escalate to having more than one person bullying or a group of bullies, either voluntarily or coerced in to mistreating another co-worker. Bullying is associated with negative job satisfaction and retention. It can have horrible effects on a person’s health. Bullying can be a result of current economic circumstances that can lead to hostility and violence. Bullying differs from other violence because it is repeated over months at a time, in contrast to other forms of violence that can be isolated incidents. The journal article shows substantial research that bullying in the workplace has severe negative effects on the health and well-being of those individuals who are targeted by the perpetrators. These effects can put organizations in to economic strains. There are occupational health nurses that can intervene to help the employees and make the company more profitable by taking educational programs and counseling on bullying for those individuals that have experienced bullying and those who want to help. Bullying should not be accepted...
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...The impact of by standing to workplace bullying on symptoms of depression among women and men in industry in Sweden: an empirical and theoretical longitudinal study. International Archives of Occupation and Environmental Health, 86(6), 709–716. doi:10.1007/s00420-012-0813-1 While recent studies show that workplace bullying is considered to be one of the leading causes of depression (Takaki et al. 2010), there has been very little research to show that by standing to bullying behavior has cause symptoms of depression. In this study, researchers used data in 2001 (T1) and 2003 (T2) to examine the risks factors associated with symptoms of depression among bystanders to bullying behavior...
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...Nursing Shortage The nursing shortage and the bullying culture are both of national concern. Many articles have been published providing the public with information these topics separately and how one affects the other. The information provided to the public should relate to the current workforce trends in nursing. The purpose of this paper is to discuss information from a popular source on how bullying in nursing affects retention and having a major impact on the national nursing shortage. Summary of an Article The article selected for this assignment was published in September of 2002, in Health Affairs (Stevens, 2002). The author, Stevens (2002), focused on the retention of nurses being a problem contributing to the nursing shortage. The International Council of Nurses conference in Copenhagen in 2001 (as cited in Stevens, 2002), identified retention issues as being a major factor in the international nursing shortage. Stevens (2002), suggests that intimidation and the bullying of nurses by nurses and the management culture that dismisses it, as a major factor in retention of nurses. Stevens also suggests that intimidation is viewed as a minor annoyance, and how management improves the way in which this issue is addressed in nursing will be critical for the improvement of retention. Stevens reported that in a case study performed in an Australian teaching hospital found that the bullying culture was the main reason for nurses not wanting to stay at the hospital or in the...
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... Violence In The Workplace Bullying is aggressive behavior that maximizes power and control, intending to hurt, threaten or frighten another person. Workplace violence can be any physical assault, threatening behavior, or verbal abuse that occurs in the workplace setting. Employers are responsible for providing a safe workplace environment for their employees but people still report they have been bullied at work. Cyber bullying as been addressed regarding children and adolescents but there has been less focus on cyber bulling in the workplace. There has been an increased risk of workplace bullying especially male dominated workplace settings. A survey was done by Australian manufacturing workers and the results included that 34% of the respondents were bullied face-to-face and 10.4% were cyber bullied. Bullying in the workplace can be a result of negative job satisfaction and retention. This can also have an effect on the health of employees. A survey was completed by newly licensed nurses in the U.S. and themes emerged from these surveys which included structural bullying, not involved in a clique, and leaving the job. Bullying is more common with new nurses and is experienced first and second hand by them. Bullying needs to be explored and researched more so they can find strategies to eliminate this behavior. There are four general types of bullying that leads to violence in society. It has harsh...
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...modified assertive community treatment(NAMI, 2015). I watched a ted like talk on the NAMI site, the video was labeled Mary. Mary Giliberti is the Executive Director of NAMI. Mary talked about the importance of kindness and compassion in every life situation even when it is hard. She gave example of a mentally ill patient coming into the emergency room that was anxious and stated that there are a lot of people in the room and he felt uncomfortable. In one situation the staff continued on with their job and ignored the patient, this is when the patient spirals out of control. When we you use kindness and compassion in this situation the nurse asks everyone to leave besides one other and explains the procedures and line of events that will be taking place while he is in the emergency room. The patient then reacts in a calmly manner in response to the nurse using kindness and compassion. The patient states that the situation was much more calm and he felt less anxious once the procedures was explained and there weren’t multiple people in the room performing said number of tasks. Mary also stated that only 15% of police department teach crisis intervention, with the growing number of mental illnesses the police department...
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...The purpose of this essay is to look at barriers of compassion and what nurses could do overcome these barriers. Three sub topics will be looked at over the course of this essay and a conclusion will be made to evaluate these essays findings and to provide some input into battling these barriers so that patients can receive high standards of patient care. The definition of compassion in the oxford dictionary is ''sympathetic pity and concern for the suffering or misfortunes of others''. Oxford dictionary (2013) However senior lecturer Penny Harrison says there is no accurate definition for compassion as it is a word that can be understood in different ways. Harrison, P. (2009) The importance of compassion is vital in any care setting where there are vulnerable people. The nurses, doctors and any other healthcare professional that is part of the team who deliver the care need to understand how important it is to understand this concept. Delivering compassion care can be something as small as holding somebody’s hand when they are in the later stages of their life, if they feel scared or another thing is as simple as listening to the patient and to hear their problems. The patient will feel better and the nurse should feel good about themselves too knowing that something as small as holding somebody’s hand or listening has benefited that patient. The nursing standard had a report on how student nurses are eager to deliver good and professional compassionate care to their patients...
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...commonly used to measure exposure to workplace bullying through surveys: participants indicate how frequently they are exposed to different bullying behaviors or negative acts that neither refer to the concept of bullying nor ask for bullying recognition (Giorgi, 2012). Having the ability to use different operations on one conceptual variable gives a researcher the ability to key in on the conceptual variable of interest. Using conceptual and measured variables will show the relationship between the two variables. Measured variables can be divided into two types: nominal and quantitative variables. A nominal variable is used to name a particular characteristic i.e. if a person is a male or a female. Quantitative variables use numbers to show how a person has a distinguishing effect. In the operational method two measurement scales are used, the first is the interval scale where there are equal distances between scores on a measure that are comparable to the changes in the conceptual model. Interval scales have a true zero point. A ratio scale allows for the division and multiplication of values. In an ordinal scale, numbers represent if there is more or less of a conceptual variable but, there is not an exact indication of the interval between individuals with the conceptual variable. The findings of this study are also in line with the premises of several theoretical frameworks that suggest a reversed linkage between climate and bullying, rather than a linear causation (Giorgi and...
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...In this report I will be explaining the concepts of equality, diversity and rights which relate to Health and social care. I will then go into describe discriminatory practices that are used within health and social care setting and the effects that they have on the service users. Equality Equality is treating everyone equal in rights, status and opportunities. Its about creating a more equal society, where everyone can participate and are given equal opportunities to help everyone achieve their full potential. There are laws in place to ensure that this happens. An example of this within a care home would be showing the same amount of respect to all residents within the care home, and to give them all equal opportunities. Equal opportunities is giving the same chance to help people fulfil their personal and professional skills regardless of their sexuality, culture, gender, age or social class. Opportunities are important within the health and social care setting. If everyone is not given opportunities then they are unable to progress and gain new skills or knowledge. The word opportunities means to give the same chance to each person so they are able to progress and learn new personal and professional skills. An example of opportunity within a hospital would be giving all staff the chance to go in training courses to learn new skills, techniques, or about any new discovers, so they have better knowledge. This then enables the staff to give a better derive to all...
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...working as a nurse, but it is reality. At...
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