...Mandle, 2010). The World Health Organization (WHO) believes health promotion allows health to be a resource and not the objective of living (WHO, 2012). This paper will review the purpose of health promotion as related to nursing practice, and how nursing roles and responsibilities have evolved in regards to health promotion and implementation on the prevention, management and long term maintenance and rehabilitation on Stroke patients, including preventing education to the public and communities, on a primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention level (Edelman & Mandle, 2010). A stroke is caused by the disruption of the blood supply to the brain, usually related to a blood vessel ruptures or blocked by a clot, as define by World Health Organization. The blockage of oxygen and nutrients to the brain’s tissues can cause permanent damage to the brain tissue. Warning signs of stroke are, sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, most often on one side of the body. Other symptoms include: confusion, difficulty speaking or understanding speech; difficulty seeing with one or both eyes; walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination; severe headache with no known cause; fainting or unconsciousness. The effects of a stroke depend on which part of the brain is injured and how severely it is affected. A very severe stroke can cause sudden death (WHO 2012). Scientists outline health promotion as the course of action taken to enable individuals to have control over their health...
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...before they are put on the market for the public. Sometimes even after all of these tests and trials, drugs can cause major problems after they have been put in to the public market. When problems arise these drugs are normally taken off of the market for further testing, or off of the market for good. Law firms will then take on consumers cases to sue the pharmaceutical company. These are called tort lawsuits and if there are enough people suing then it is a mass tort lawsuit. This paper will look at the mass tort lawsuit against Vioxx. It will explain the problem, how it was addressed by the company, and who was found at fault. Vioxx is drug that was developed by the pharmaceutical company Merck. It was introduced in mid- 1999. Originally Vioxx was a medication that was prescribed to patients for pain. The drug was not on the market for too long before the drug was pulled off of the market. In 2004, Merck pulled the drug off of the market for good on reports that the painkiller increased risk for heart attacks and strokes in patients using it (Voreacos & Johnson, 2010). In the specific case of Merck&Co. vs Garza, the estate of Leonel Garza sued Merck over Mr. Garza’s untimely death. Mr. Garza had started taking Vioxx on March 27, 2001 after visiting his cardiologist and complaining of pain and weakness over a 24 hour period (Merck & Co., Inc. v. Garza). His doctor gave him a one week sample of Vioxx. After this initial appointment, Mr. Garza received several different...
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...(ALS) in order to appropriately assess the situation and determine the most appropriate actions to take. This paper will present various aspects of heat-related illness on children in enclosed vehicles, including the causes and outcomes of these situations, the impact on the families, and preventative measures. Concept Analysis: Heat-related illness What is the concept of Heat related illness on children in enclosed vehicles and the impact on the family? In todays’ families both parents have to work in order to pay the bills. As a result, both parents have to split the responsibilities of getting the kids from one place to another. The results are we all get involved in our routines that when you change that routine something always gets forgotten. Unfortunately the add responsibility of drop our child off at daycare sometime gets forgotten. And our days go on as normal. Until the dreaded question comes up “Can you pick up the children from daycare?” And your world gets turned upside down and inside out and will never be the same. As you remember you forgot to drop your child off at daycare. You run franticly to your vehicle to find out you are too late and you have lost your child to a heat related illness called heatstroke. And as a result our children are the ones who suffer due to this. The concept of heat-related illness will be presented in this paper. According to Grubenhoff, du Ford, and Roosevelt (2007), heat-related illness occurs when there is a thermoregulatory...
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...Acupuncture research in Cerebrovascular Accident induced hemiplegia. By Introduction to Cerebrovascular Accident and Hemiplegia Cerebrovascular Accident also known as stroke can broadly be described as an interruption of the blood supply to the brain. Without blood the brain cells are staved of oxygen, and can begin to die within minutes if the blood supply is completely cut off. It is this cellular death which has the greatest influence on the sequelae or after math of the stroke. Hemiplegia is the most common sequelae of stroke, this medical condition characterised by paralyses of one side of the body. It is similar to, but should not be confused with hemiparesis which is when one side of the body is weak but still mobile. While the leading cause of hemiplegia is a Cerebrovascular Accident, it is not the only cause, other neural conditions such as a unilateral pyramidal (UMN) lesion may also cause hemiplegia. It is difficult to discuss Hemiplegia without also discussing Stroke, similar to cause and effect, if stroke is the cause then hemiplegia is effect. A sudden stroke can be deadly, and how well someone recovers or if they recover depends largely on how fast they receive treatment. In Australia the most popular method for identifying stroke is the FAST test: * Face – Check their face. Has their mouth dropped? * Arms – Can they lift both arms? * Speech – Is their speech slurred? Do they understand you? * Time – Time is critical. If you see any of these...
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...increased or a reduced risk of cancer. The mortality rate of each has increased in recent years, but with proper diet and a healthy lifestyle, these diseases can sometimes be controlled. Diabetes and cancer have the same risk factors which include age, gender, race, obesity, lack of exercise, smoking and alcohol. You should lose weight and eat healthy if you are at risk for either of these two diseases. For your diet, incorporating fruits and vegetables is a step in the right direction. So far, there is no real cure for diabetes, but with regular medical care and taking care of yourself, you can manage your diabetes; reducing considerably, the risk of serious complications such as heart disease and stroke. Treatment for diabetes varies depending on what type of diabetes you have. Managing all forms of diabetes include regular monitoring of blood sugar levels; eating a well-balanced, healthy diet, and following a regular exercise program. Insulin is the most common diabetes drug. It can be injected or taken orally. Beyond medications and exercise, there are some other ["some" is redundant--"other" indicates an alternative, so "some," meaning unspecific, is not needed] things you can do to control diabetes which include, counting carbohydrates, make sure you keep hydrated, and keep your cholesterol and triglyceride levels under control. When these levels get too high it can cause cardiac arrest. If treatment is not...
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...this paper, I will be looking at and reviewing the research literature that is available concerning sickle cells disease. I chose this topic for a reason that is close to my heart; I have an eight month old infant who has been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. As a professional, I am concerned with the ways that we as nurses can contribute to providing quality care in response to clients presenting with this specific disease. As a person, I am on the other side of the health promoting, family based care relationship that I am used to in my practice; I now really appreciate how important it is for nurses to provide education, information, teaching and training to parents and clients in response to an illness like sickle cell. In a way, therefore, I am serving both as teacher and student here, as I develop knowledge and collect evidence that I will use as both a nurse and as a concerned parent seeking to understand a disease that my child has been diagnosed with. This literature review supports the argument that nurses can play an important role in promoting quality care for clients and families coping with sickle cell disease, once a strong understanding of this disease and the nurse’s role in responding to it is achieved. This, therefore, is the goal of this literature review. Gale’s “Health Reference Centre Academic” database was used for the research. In fact, a very simple search resulted in the obtainment of all six of the quality, peer reviewed, scholarly research articles...
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...In the same vein, it must be reiterated that heart disease remains a top cause of death for many ethnic groups in the US. Some of them are African Americans, Whites and the Hispanics. Heart disease comes after cancer in terms of fatality for ethnic groups like American Indians and Asians and Pacific Islanders (CDC, 2015). In 2008, it was reported that: 18.4% of American Indians died from heart disease; 22.2% of Pacific Islanders; 23.8% of Non-Hispanic Blacks; and 23.8% of Non-Hispanic Whites succumbed to heart...
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...Specialized Setting: A Multidisciplinary Concept Analysis First we need to understand what Rehabilitation is to be able to focus on its concept analysis. It is a part of the continuum of care as it focuses on increasing a patient’s function for self care and mobility. The need for a rehabilitation care concept in a specialized rehabilitation hospital increases as the length of stay decreases in acute hospitals after surgery or procedures due to the financial burden on insurances, Medicare, Medicaid, and the acute hospitals themselves. No longer do we see in the United States two week long acute hospital stays after major surgeries, strokes or other injuries that affect the activities of daily living (ADL). The hospitals discharge patients back home much sooner than before or transfer them to facilities for further recovery. Unfortunately some of these facilities are long term acute care hospitals or nursing homes where continuing daily therapy is very limited. The fortunate ones get admitted to a specialty hospital called a rehabilitation (rehab) hospital that this paper will focus on. Here, nurses, occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech therapists, case managers, dieticians, and physicians work all closely together to see the best results of recovery and to achieve this goal before the patient is ready to return home at the optimum level of wellness. As a nurse working in a rehabilitation hospital I see this multidisciplinary approach to regain a patient’s strength...
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...Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is the most common disease of the blood vessels. Affecting about 8.5 million people in the United States of America, PVD is more prevalent in older adults, smokers, diabetics, and people with high blood pressure. Individuals who have a family history of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and stroke are also at increased risk. In diabetics and older adults, PVD is the leading cause of disability. Although PVD can be asymptomatic, there are a few different tests which can diagnose it. There are many misconceptions about PVD. Most people, especially older adults, believe the pain associated with PVD is a sign of normal aging. Many people believe, after being diagnosed with PVD, the only treatment option involves surgery and amputation. Even though surgery is a treatment option, the use of medications and other medical...
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...overused, marijuana can lead to dependency as well as affect your memory and emotions. Marijuana can be used to treat Glaucoma, a disease that increases pressure in the eyeball, which can damage the optic nerve and cause vision loss. Marijuana helps control epileptic seizures by tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) binding to the brain cells responsible for causing epileptic seizures and regulating relaxation. One of the most common uses for marijuana is using it for pain control, although marijuana is not strong enough to control severe pain such as broken bones, or pain after surgery. Marijuana has proven to be safer than opiates, it is impossible to overdose on marijuana, and it is far less addictive. Marijuana could potentially replace medicine such as Advil or Aleve, for people that can not take them because of kidney problems. Patients that have used marijuana claim that it allows them to be engaged in activities and not feel out of it. Marijuana has been thought to increase cerebral blood flow and protect the brain from strokes. Smoking marijuana has been thought to decrease the risk having a...
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...Volume 3, number 2 What is critical appraisal? Sponsored by an educational grant from AVENTIS Pharma Alison Hill BSC FFPHM FRCP Director, and Claire Spittlehouse BSc Business Manager, Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, Institute of Health Sciences, Oxford q Critical appraisal is the process of systematically examining research evidence to assess its validity, results and relevance before using it to inform a decision. q Critical appraisal is an essential part of evidence-based clinical practice that includes the process of systematically finding, appraising and acting on evidence of effectiveness. q Critical appraisal allows us to make sense of research evidence and thus begins to close the gap between research and practice. q Randomised controlled trials can minimise bias and use the most appropriate design for studying the effectiveness of a specific intervention or treatment. q Systematic reviews are particularly useful because they usually contain an explicit statement of the objectives, materials and methods, and should be conducted according to explicit and reproducible methodology. q Randomised controlled trials and systematic reviews are not automatically of good quality and should be appraised critically. www.evidence-based-medicine.co.uk Prescribing information is on page 8 1 What is critical appraisal What is critical appraisal? Critical appraisal is one step in the process of evidence-based clinical practice. Evidencebased clinical practice...
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...Health Education Tammy Arfmann HCA 331 Introduction to Health Care Education Prof. Mona Chin February 18, 2013 The health education field has expanded in many ways over the past years and will continue to expand over the upcoming years due to the increasing resources that are available for the individuals. The health education field is a vast profession that has greatly impacted many individuals with the information that the individuals provide. This paper will discuss the health education field and profession in greater detail as far as what has happened over the years and the way the profession has changed. It will also analyze a website that covers an HIV prevention program and will also provide a description of a website that has been created to cover heart disease. There are many different events that have helped to shape health education and the health education profession. Three of the events that have impacted the health education field the most are the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Social Security Act. According to Cottrell, Girvan, & McKenzie (2012), the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act “bill encourages and promotes worksite wellness programs, encourages evidence-based community prevention and wellness programs, and provides strong support for school based health centers” (p.69). The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) provide the...
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...for those who suffer from chronic pain related issues, such as the back and joints (Daul, 2006). Manual therapy is offered through many forms of services that can be accessed by a client, that is tailored for everyone. Several examples of manual therapy are osteopathic medicine, chiropractor,...
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...response, and advocacy in the individuals, families, communities, and population.” There are three pathways to becoming a nurse. The first one is a three year diploma in a hospital setting. A two to three years associate degree program is the second option offered through a technical or community school. A four year BSN degree program offered at a college or university is the last pathway. To obtain an RN licensure, both (ADN) and (BSN) programs sit for National Licensure Examination (NCLEX). Although passing (NCLEX) is similar for both programs, this exam only measures minimal clinical competencies and not the total education preparation and skills needed to practice safely whether it is in a clinical, inpatient or outpatient setting. This paper will explore not only their professional, educational preparation, but also the differences in competencies between associate degree and baccalaureate of science nurse degree levels. In 1958, following the World War 11, to relieve the shortage of nurses demand prompted by the world war, the associate degree nursing (ADN) program was developed. ADN nurses would work as technical nurses under the supervision of professional nurses. However this was a temporary fix for the shortage of nurses post world war. The ADN program became popular for those who desired a...
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...mother and his brothers and sisters. As a young child, Edward would wander around and observe plants, animals, and collect fossils. Edward was able to go to school at the age of 8, as he was going to school he decided that he wanted to become a doctor. Edward received “training at Chipping Sodbury, he was an apprentice for Daniel Ludlow, a surgeon.(www.famousscientist.org). In 1770, after 7 years of studying under...
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