...Historical Perspective Essay Mary Jane Bentulan NUR/518 October 8, 2012 Charlene Romer Historical Perspective Essay Nursing research influences the practice of nursing. From the works of Florence Nightingale where the focus of care was on the physical and mental well-being of the individual to today’s practice of nursing though evidenced-based practice. Nurses use research to find ways to improve patient care and have significantly increase patient health outcomes. This historical perspective essay will focus on the works of Jean Watson and how it has significantly influences the nursing profession. Jean Watson as a Theorist and Watson’s Paradigm Jean Watson developed the theory on human caring that focuses on the care towards the individual, families, and groups. Watson describes caring as a different way of being human and nursing is through helping an individual achieve a higher degree of harmony with the mind, body, and soul (Suliman, Welmann, Omer, & Thomas, 2009). The nurse goes beyond the physical assessment of the individual and into a deeper understanding of the individual’s perception of the situation. Nursing focuses on assisting and helping the individual achieve harmony with self through a transpersonal caring relationship. The theory provides balance through identifying and describing how nurses provide care, in a carative than curative orientation (Sitzman, 2007). The awareness of the interconnectedness of all beings by the nurse, provision of care...
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...and empathy. These dimensions are utilized to measure the gap between customer expectations and the perception of actual service delivery. This method of measurement, when used effectively, can benefit any company in many ways. This measurement tool is called SERVQUAL. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of service quality surveys are only utilized to their fullest when developing a consistent and ongoing information system that identifies consumers’ points of view, experiences, and feedback from many different points in time. This creates better understanding, a clearer vision, and more informed decision-making, furthering adequate recovery processes. SERVQUAL SERVQUAL is a 22/22-item scale that measures five factors of service quality: reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, and tangibles. This diagnostic tool determines the service quality strengths and weaknesses of an organization. There are two parts to the SERVQUAL measurement tool, hence the “22/22”: 22 questions that ask for expectations, and 22 questions that gauge perceptions. The gap score is created when the average expectation score is subtracted from the average perception score. Positive gaps equal satisfied customers and service quality exceeds expectations. A gap of zero means that companies are meeting expectations, and negative gaps obviously show that consumers are unhappy and perceptions are far below expectations (Sureshchandar, Rajendran, & Anantharaman, 2002; Hoffman & Bateson, 2011)...
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...Cochlear Implant Essay Jeanie Partlow HCA/COMM 270A The Context and Language of Health Care Randi White Warner Pacific College April 30, 2012 Cochlear Implant Essay A cochlear implant is a surgically implanted device that provides electrical stimulation to the auditory nerve in the inner ear. The device has internal and external components. The external parts consist of a microphone, a speech processor, and a transmitter. The internal parts include a receiver and electrodes. The external speech processor captures sound, converts it to digital code that is transmitted to the internal electrodes, and finally, communicated to the brain for interpretation as sound. Good candidates for the cochlear implant have profound bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment and functional auditory nerves. Three groups of patients that have the greatest potential success include post-lingually deaf adults, pre-lingually deaf children, and post-lingually impaired people (usually children) who have lost hearing due to diseases such as meningitis. Tyler, Fryauf-Bertschy, Kelsay, Gantz, Woodworth, Parkinson (1997) confirm pre-lingually deaf children are excellent candidates as they obtain the implant during the time that the brain is developing and highly functional in adapting to sensory input. The cochlear device is implanted behind the ear where the surgeon will create a pocket in the mastoid bone for the receiver. The electrode array is then placed through the inner ear into the cochlea...
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...Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka as well as Wolfgang Kohler. The foundations of the Gestalt psychology are perception, memory and learning. Some of the principles of Gestalt psychology are isomorphism, productive thinking as well as reproductive thinking which will be elaborated in this essay. One of the main contributions of Gestalt psychology is Gestalt therapy which focuses on helping an individual understand their internal self and the difference of what they experience and interpretation of events. Gestalt is a psychology term which means "unified whole". It refers to theories of visual perception developed by German psychologists in the 1920s. Instead of approaching psychology as atoms or elements according to Wundt's theory, Gestalt psychology, discovered by Wertheimer, a German, on the other hand, focuses on human experiencing psychological events as a whole. This essay will be focusing on some of the founders of Gestalt psychology and how it has been interpreted and developed over the years from 1880 to 1967, followed by the principles of Gestalt psychology leading to modern day contribution of Gestalt psychology. Historical Developments There were 3 main founders and contributors of Gestalt psychology. They were Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffa and Wolfgang Kohler. Max Wertheimer used to study law but his interest soon shifted to philosophy and psychology. He developed a keen interest on perception after observing how the flashing of lights at train station created an illusion of movement...
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...themselves from a situation. The dissociation can be triggered by anything at any point in time and is often related to a traumatic experience. Individuals who dissociate intensely usually do not know that they are dissociating, and many who do seek psychiatric help. Anyone can dissociate and in her essay “When I Woke Up Tuesday Morning, It was Friday,” Martha Stout, a psychologist, speaks about her successful, ordinary, normal patients who dissociate due to traumatic experiences. Society perceives individuals who seek psychiatric assistance to be “abnormal,” but Stout challenges this concept by illustrating how her patients defy this generalization. Therapy is not just for “insane” individuals because Stout’s patients are intellectual individuals who carry through conventional lifestyles. Society labels individuals who acquire psychiatric help as irregular simply because the individuals seek the therapy. Seeking therapeutic help is the first step towards fixing personal problems that cannot be fought alone. Everyone has issues that are difficult to face on their own; in Stout’s patients’ cases, the issues are severe episodes of dissociation that hinder their everyday routines. One patient in particular, named Julia, is a successful producer of documentary films. As a child, Julia underwent child abuse and was skillfully able to remove herself from the horrific situations. The trauma Julia experienced as a child causes her to dissociate now as an adult yet, she carries her life...
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...Abstract This essay briefly describes behaviorism, gestalt, and structuralism. Brief examples of each approach are outlined under each topic. The common threads of behaviorism, gestalt, and structuralism are contrasted and compared in basic terms, and their influence on present-day psychology is discussed. Unit 1 – Individual Project This paper discusses three methods in the evolution of psychology: structuralism, behaviorism, and gestalt. To better understand the concepts of each, it’s important to list examples of each method, as well as compare and contrast the differences of each and how each impact modern-day psychology. Structuralism The structural approach to psychology sought to quantify the human experience, the human mind, in a scientific way (Reed, 2010). Simply put, structuralism is the study of how people respond to stimuli; it’s the study of human perception (Education Portal, 2012). It was thought that, through the process of Introspection, surface behavior held clues to deeply buried issues that could only be identified by the therapist (Narrative Therapy Chicago, 2012). An example of structuralism, with regard to therapy, was the use of Introspection, wherein the therapist would, for example, play a sound, or ask the patient to jump in the air. He would then observe the reaction to the stimuli, and ask, “How does that make you feel?” Between the unconscious reaction and introspective response of the patient, the therapist believed he could uncover...
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...In the Chapter 2 of Shankman’s book, it is significant to operate self-aware as a person organize and manage events so that he or she could adjust and accommodate in accord to the conclusion from introspection. Be self-conscious as I step out of my comfort zone by accepting feedbacks and interactively reflect on them is an important quality of a leader. In the Chapter 3 of Shankman’s book, people will easily make the irrational decision if they let the immediate emotion controls over them. The emotional self perception requires people, especially leaders, to understand their emotion carefully and how emotion and situation interact with each other. In the Chapter 2 of Shankman’s book, it states that sometimes hearing the feedback is...
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...Moore, and Elizabeth C. Katz. "Effects Of Gender And Motivations On Perceptions Of Nonmedical Use Of Prescription Stimulants." Journal Of American College Health 62.4 (2014): 255-262. ERIC. Web. 25 July 2016. The use of non medical use prescription stimulant (NMUPS) is more associated with college students, who use this to implement their ability to stay awake and study. Mrs. Lookatch Samantha J. and her colleagues did a studies on how NMUPS affect college student who use this stimulant to enable them studies. Their research yield a great positive result, which clearly shows how NMUPS has a positive effect on their studies like they were able to remember thing that they would not without the use of stimulant. Moreover males are more likely to use stimulants. The authors use of rhetorical strategies of logos is relevant...
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...Academic reflective essay The essay will focus on the patient involved in the given case study named as Mrs. S. In addition, the essay will give a relevant and brief history of the patient. It will also define the term ‘bio-psycho-social’ and its relevance to holistic care. For the point of discussion, the essay will focus on the management of care for patient with gastrointestinal illness resulting in stoma operation and will discuss the biopsychosocial factors affecting the patient and how this changes ‘normal’ biology, psychology and sociology. The individual chosen to focus on is named as Mrs. S. The patient involved in this case study Mrs. S. is a 48 years old lady who works in school as a teacher. She lives with her husband, Mr. S, in a small town. Her husband works as a builder, which has long working hours, leaving him not much time to look after their children. They have two girls and they are aged 12 and 10. They are a loving family. Mrs. S looks after the children, takes them to school and pick them up. Mrs. S is a very active lady with a very active social life, she likes to meet up with her friends during the weekend; she swims four days a week with her children, and she balances her time with family and her job. She is suffering from mild hypertension, drinks minimal amount of alcohol during the weekends and smokes 5-10 cigarettes a day. The term ‘bio-psycho-social’ refers to the relationship amongst biological, psychological and social characteristics of an...
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...McGuffin, & Farmer, 2008). In contrast to discoveries of this nature, a study conducted in Taiwan concludes that many depression sufferers perceive the cause of their depression to be social and cultural factors, making little mention to biology (Fu & Paraboo, 2009). Although medication has proven successful in many cases for alleviating depressive symptoms, considerable amounts of research have determined that external factors such as personal misfortunes or stress, cultural and societal influences, such as social norms, and socioeconomics can impact the onset of depression (Kendler, Karkowski, & Prescott, 1999). This ongoing and complex argument of the extent to which external factors contribute to depression will be discussed in this essay, with the aim of proving that biology is not the core contributor to depression. Depression is a very common disease, affecting approximately 10%-25% of...
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...Medical Ethics and Euthanasia In his essay “When Medicine Is Futile” Barron H. Lerner talks about how dying patients in America, in his opinion can not have a peaceful death. Important role in his writing represents his dad and his thinking. He has a big influence on Lerner`s opinion about the medicine in general. He argues that people die too many times connected to all kinds of machines and tubes that don`t really help them. Lerner describes some of the stories that his father kept in the journals. They have one common thing, and that is that event though the doctors knew the patients is going to die, his family was still hoping for a miracle and they did not want to accept that there is nothing that the doctors can do, to save the patient`s life. Reading and thinking about Lerner`s article lead me to ask myself; is it really true that there are no chances at all to save any patient? I think we should all still keep faith and stay optimistic that things will go better, no matter what situation we find ourselves in. In connection to that when we think about medicine, here comes the controversial problem about euthanasia. Should it be legalized and what are the pros and cons of it? Euthanasia is one of the most pressing issues of modern society. The development of medicine has put humanity against serious dilemma where the use of medical resources no longer offers the cure. As it is developing in many areas, there are still those areas where we ask ourselves; what to do...
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...certain questions. When writing this essay no outside sources were used, it is written on basis of my thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Upon viewing my overall scores, I found that I am very culturally accepting according to the checklist. I was pleasantly pleased with my responses as a whole. However, on some of the questions I did disagree though. One of the questions asked if you felt driven to respond to insensitive comments. I felt that it deserved a 4 and here is why; just because a patient or family member makes insensitive remarks doesn’t necessarily mean you need to respond to them. It could be the way that patient and/or family member deals with conflict or personal issues. Unless it becomes aggressive or sexual in nature, I do not believe it needs a response from the nurse. In some situations that could antagonize an already tense and uncomfortable situation. I also had issues with another question. I recognize family members and other designees as decision makers for services and support. This answer completely depends on whether it is recognized from a government stand point or not. I understand that other cultures place different people in charge of the health care decisions, but if it isn’t recognized in writing I can’t fully agree and must consult with the patient for each decision. I scored that...
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...Midterm Essay Exam Kristian Earl D. Velasco HLTH 522, Professor Claudia Dempsey Liberty University In this essay, the discussion is centered on the structural dimensions—ethical influences, parameters in decision-making, and internal provocations—relating the issues of whether deception among clinicians can be regarded as plausibly sound. These matters are the motivation that plays a role in how the actuality of care is being communicated. Since the provider-patient relationship is mainly constructed by way of trust and confidence, the concept relating deceptions during the course of care takes a crucial part. In view of the fact that internal influences affect the predisposition towards the issues of deception, whether it is justifiable or necessary for the wellbeing of the patient, this concern will be viewed more clearly through the lens of biblical proportions and overall understanding of the value of human life. Truth telling in healthcare setting is a subject of intense debate. The physicians, nurses, and the rest of decision makers involve within the healthcare profession have an extensive familiarity, high level of proficiency and masterful capability in dealing with medical situations. However, ethically related conflicts many times arise regarding the deception or withholding medical information to avoid the complexities that may affect patient care strategies. These matters, unavoidably, are often times the likely reason that may limit the capacity...
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...What is an emotion? William James and Jean-Paul Sartre present two different arguments regarding what constitutes an emotion. This paper will explore William James’ analysis of emotion as set out in his 1884 essay . It will attempt to discover the main points of his view, and then present Sartre’s rebuttal of this view taken from his essay on emotions . Concluding with an explanation regarding why Sartre’s account is flawed and James’s argument is the stronger of the two, it will use outside examples to demonstrate the various weaknesses and strengths within the two perspectives. William James analysis of emotion revolves around his theory that an emotion is nothing more than the senses and feelings we experience in our bodies that come about after we perceive something. He says that “ … the bodily changes follow directly the perception of the exciting fact, and that our feeling of the same changes as they occur is the emotion”. He gives several premises to back up this theory. First of all, that if you were to take away the bodily changes and senses that we associate with an emotion that you would have nothing left of the emotion. He refers to the state of fear and how there would be no emotion left, if the feelings of “… quickened heart-beats nor of shallow breathing…” were taken away. It would simple be a state of being, as opposed to an emotional state. Presenting an emotion with out the bodily changes that are associated with it is, as James states, is “… inconceivable...
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...and we see how diseases can completely ruin this miraculous organ. In Gamel’s essay it is brought to our attention how the human being cherishes their eye sight; one would choose to tolerate pain in the hope that one may regain their eye sight; however, we are never shown why the human being cherishes sight so much. “(En) trance” by Chris Arthur shows the reader how this organ allows the mind to explore all different options. In this essay we see how the eyeball allows the human being to see things in a different perspective than their own and how others may perceive an image or a building based off of their own experiences and sight. We see the importance of the eyeball in regards to memory and we see its importance in the way that sight impacts people’s lives. Although “The Elegant Eyeball” by John Gamel explains the importance of the eyeball it is through “(En) trance” by Chris Arthur that we see the emotional and physical impact it has in one’s life. Throughout his essay Gamel explains how the eye works. He explains what a normal eye would possess opposed to an eye that acquired a disease, which would eventually obtain scaring. He explains the importance of the eye stating that, “Forty percent of the brain is devoted to vision, which provides us with more information than our other four senses combined” (Gamel, 39). The importance of the eye in regards to our other sense is great. In his essay “(En) trance,” Arthur explains to the reader how each person has their own viewpoint...
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