...Discuss the relationship between stress, anxiety, habits and phobias and describe how you would treat these issues with hypnotherapy. All of the above disorders in varying degrees form part of the human experience of life. They are all related to one another and they are all caused by fear of change or fear and change. A habit can cause stress and lead to a panic attack and a phobia may cause both stress and anxiety. These disorders are all linked by how our minds are capable of coping with situations. Often these disorders may be inherent or they may be influenced by the environment. In order to understand the relationship between stress, anxiety, habits and phobias, it is necessary to first define what each one is and how it affects us. I will also explain methods of treatment and the ethical issues that I believe would need to be considered. Stress Any situation which causes a person to feel frustrated, angry or anxious will cause feelings of stress. Stress is our body's natural reaction to fear or change. Stress can manifest in several ways, a trigger can cause a reaction, eg a dental appointment etc or there may not be a trigger as the symptoms are always evident, a lack of self esteem, feelings of inadequacy or failure. Stress can also be a learned behaviour from our parents or environment. Stress can be negative causing illness and inhibiting people from moving forward and enjoying their lives. Stress can also be a positive thing, when a person pushes...
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...of the ghosts, and even in some extreme instances a fear of pickles. One of the most common fears is Aquaphobia which is defined as a social phobia that is a persistent, unwarranted, and irrational fear of water. This fear is not to be confused with Hydrophobia which represents the fear of water developed in later stages of Rabies (Olesen, 2015). Nearly 19.2 million Americans suffer from specific phobias such as Aquaphobia. Those who suffer from this phobia see themselves dying in water, drowning, or believe that they will come face to face with something unforeseen in the water that could lead to their demise. The fear of drowning is a common sensible fear; however it becomes something more once the person feels an overwhelming sense of anxiety around all bodies of water like oceans and bathtubs. To better understand this phobia we must look at the causes, symptoms, and treatments. Aquaphobia like many other phobias can be caused by an initial traumatic incident that has happened to a person. This can include a time where someone almost drowned or fallen into a body of water. For example if one were pushed into a body of water when they were not expecting it this could be considered as a traumatic experience for them that could lead to an irrational anxiety about water. Not only can experiencing the traumatic incident cause this phobia but witnessing it as well can cause Aquaphobia. Watching someone drown in water or experiencing the death of a loved one at the hands of water...
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...disorders. Our write-up also included our group’s discussion on the implications of the preparedness theories which we further breakdown into two aspects: classical conditioning, observational, and cognitive learning that we had learnt during in our first three lectures and further cited examples which will be further explained in our following essay on how we could relate these phobias and other anxiety disorders in relation to innate or learned, or both. Introduction Anxiety initialled from one of the basic human emotions – feelings of fear. Everyone will experience...
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...the acquisition of phobic disorders establishes that phobias are caused by genetics, innate influences and the principles of biochemistry. This theory recognises that an oversensitive fear response may be inherited, causing abnormal levels of anxiety. This is illustrated in the basis of inheritance, particularly the adrenergic theory that convicts that those who have an acquisition to phobic disorders consequently show high levels of arousal in the automatic nervous system, which leads to increased amounts of adrenaline, thus causing high levels of anxiety. However this theory lacks evidence of cause and effect, causing it to be difficult to determine whether the levels of arousal lead to the anxiety or whether it is actually the developed anxiety, which leads to this arousal. This issue was present in Lader and St Matthews study which found that individuals who develop social phobia or panic disorders with agoraphobia have high levels of arousal. This causes a lack of validity to become apparent as there is an unawareness of what is being measured, as there is not a clear distinction between what aroused first, the reaction in the brain or the phobic disorder as it is not convicted whether the high arousal levels are the cause or in fact the consequence of the phobia. Furthermore, the basis of inheritance also distinguishes that dopamine pathways predispose individuals to be more readily conditioned to acquire phobias, and discerns that abnormally high levels of serotonin...
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...India was amazing. People were always willing to help us any way that they could. Whether it was the hotel employees, the bus crew, restaurant staff, bystanders on the street, or even those living in absolute poverty, the people of India were always smiling at us and wanting to know where we were from. Most people would think that they were always looking for a rupee or two, but that was not the case. They were genuinely glad that we were in their country and wanted to make sure that we had the best experience possible. It was inspiring and amazing and I think we could all learn of a lot from them. India was an eye-opening experience and it absolutely gave me an appreciation for how fortunate I am and it really put life into perspective. It made me realize what’s important and what I really value in life. There were times when I found myself frustrated, dirty, exhausted and ready to throw in the towel, but then I would turn a corner and spot something spectacular or come across a child with a smile on their face and I would remember how fortunate I was to experience such a unique place. India is a beautiful place filled with incredible people whose pride in their country is unwavering, and rightfully...
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...CHANGING PERSPECTIVES PSY/220 KATRENA TAYLOR 7/24/11 WRITTEN BY GARY ELLIOTT The scenario that is in the text is something that we see all too often out in society. We as people think that we should have control over what is going on around us at all times. The way we view something is what we have seen in the past, or have experienced ourselves. I have been guilty of this very thing; everyone has a different perspective on the same situations. People that have religion see things different than people that don’t. Most people just see the situation from their perspective on the outside and they don’t take the time to ask questions or try to see the other side. After reading the following scenario, I would say that the first analogy of the situation fits well. You see that sort of situation all the time, whether you are at the grocery store or at Wal-Mart. I actually witnessed a situation like this once at a store called Game stops. These kids were so bad that they were running around knocking over the displays, the mother was patiently waiting in line to purchase the games that she bought. One of the guys that worked there had to stop the kids from destroying the store, while the mother paid no mind to what was going on. Where I live there are a lot of homeless people constantly walking around and asking for anything mainly money. These are the same people that are telling you that their car broke down and the just need a little gas to get home. Most of these homeless...
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...The five characteristics for human service professionals are: Self-awareness, Ability to communicate, Empathy, Responsibility/commitment, and Flexibility. Self-awareness is the deep understanding of one's own self, this includes comprehending self-knowledge about beliefs, attitudes, values, stereotypes, biases, cultural and gender differences, and behaviors. Self-awareness is beneficial in diminishing preconceptions and opinions, allowing one to modify or change their "self" toward a client's perspective. Empathy is the ability to see or feel what the client has experienced. Similar to self-awareness, empathy furthers the progression of understanding oneself and enables a provider to put their feet into the client's shoes. Providers who have experienced as well as relate to the client's situation have an easier time expressing empathy. Responsibility/Commitment are ideal promises to a client. The provider shall support the client in whichever possible way is needed through responsibility and will offer the highest quality of service through commitment. A provider displays a strong presence of professionalism and acts to the best of their abilities. They will adhere to a code of ethic or conduct and will remain honest with their client throughout their service. Flexibility provides versatility to a provider’s service. They may need to change, abandon, or revise plans if the program suddenly becomes difficult or unusual. Flexibility allows a provider to learn new alternatives...
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...The article, This Bud May Be for the Belgians, discusses InBev’s buyout of Budweiser. Discuss the value of the brand from a consumer perspective. Some of you may not be beer drinkers, or drink any alcohol, but you are still a part of a culture where beer drinking is an identifiable lifestyle component, so you should be able to provide some perspective. Some things to consider are Budweiser’s targeted blue-collar market segment, its country of origin, and our nationalistic “pride of ownership.” Switch perspectives a bit, and consider how international consumers might value the quintessential American beer. Do you think that coming from the US enhances the value to overseas customers? Why or why not? (Blenkinsop & Geller, 2014) In replying to other classmates, discuss the consumer perspective, thinking about your own exposure to Budweiser’s products and promotions. Include your thoughts on the value of any of the AB brands. Even though I am not a beer drinking but during socializing events majority of my friends and the people I have observed prefer international beer (i.e. Russian, German etc). During the initial stages of the InBev buyout of Budweiser the response was not that great Hence, the AB InBev buyout adopted to understand and address factors hindering Budweiser’s growth in the US as well as build or introduce the brand in other markets helped them achieve strong in-market performance globally. In addition, the brand is now successfully developing a universal...
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...Management Accounting & Control (ACCFIN5036) Coursework: Academic Essay Length and submission: This is a 2500-word (excluding references) academic essay, which must be submitted on 23rd November 2015 at 12noon. Aim: The aim of this assignment is to test your management accounting and control knowledge in relation to its social and organizational perspectives where you see management accounting not only as a set of technical tools such as performance measurement indicators or costing techniques and methods, but also as social and institutional practice by which technical tools are promoted, legitimised, used or even misused. Question: Bearing in mind this broader perspective, consider a recent management accounting change programme such as Activity-Based Costing or Balanced Scorecard: its origin, development, diffusion and managerial effects. Explore why and how this programme has come about as a global programme and evaluate whether it solves the problems it expected to solve or whether it produces some unintended consequences. Materials to be used: Use relevant journal articles, which you must refer to. Follow standard academic referencing practices when citing them. Use your own intuition to answer the question above rather than merely reproducing the reading materials. When you directly quote from your readings, you must acknowledge by properly citing references. You must be aware of university’s plagiarism policy in this regard. Marking...
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...probably fail once or twice but you’ll get there.” 2. I – Emotions are as reliable as reason. II – Areas of knowledge are not applied; they are organized clusters of knowledge. III – No area of knowledge is inferior to another, especially the arts and the religious knowledge systems. 3. - I know bits and pieces of knowledge as I am of the opinion that we can never know the whole story. - I can say I know myself pretty well. I believe my background and experiences shape the way I think. Therefore, my pursuit and interpretation of knowledge is often skewed to fit my preferences. - I know what I know mainly through evidence, experience and my intuition. I explore the nature of knowledge by looking at knowledge from different perspectives, examining biases and the ways of knowing used to interpret the knowledge at...
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...Reflective Practice Reflective practice is a process which enables you to achieve a better understanding of yourself, your skills, competencies, knowledge and professional practice. Although most of us engage in thinking about experiences either before, during or after an event, we need to document our understanding in order to clearly identify and demonstrate the components of our learning. Identifying what we have learnt requires us to think about our experiences, and consider the outcomes, in order to evaluate the experience, and identify our thoughts, feelings and understanding of the relevant issues. The objective is to identify what we have learnt in order to construct new or different approaches to our future practice, or to recognise and validate effective practice to utilise in the future. Learning comes from many different incidents and experiences that we have in life. We can learn much about ourselves, others, our job, our organisation, and professional practice, as well as our abilities and skills, if we consciously take the time to reflect on our learning. As a starting point, a pro-forma sheet for reflective practice, incorporating some ideas around the type of experiences we can utilise for learning, is provided. N.B. When reflecting on clinical incidents or professional practice involving patient care, patient confidentiality must never be breached Further guidance on different theories and methodologies for reflective practice is available on...
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...Anthony Doerr uses many different perspectives in his novel All the Light we Cannot See to convey how different people are affected by the current ongoing war, World War II. Doerr focuses on 2 characters perspectives in his novel; Werner, a intelligent boy enlisted into a nazi training camp and later sent onto the field and Marie-Laure, a blind girl with a passion for knowledge. Werner’s perspective is focused around survival and he does what he is told because he fears for his life. Contrary to this, Marie-Laure has a hopeful perspective because her hope creates her reality in her mind. Doerr uses different perspectives to show how focusing too much on one point of view can obscure reality and make a person blind to the reality of some situations. Werner has a very fearful perspective....
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...The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has classified a phobia as having fear that is too large in comparison to the danger it poses by the feared object or situation ( Menzies, Harris, & Jones, 1998). Fear is a common emotion to have, but it is when the fear is irrational that it poses a problem. For Jackson, this irrational fear has become an awareness of danger. Jackson is convinced that heights, germs, and spiders are potential dangers to keep awareness on. Jackson is a ten-year-old male that is having difficulty living his life due to his phobias. Jackson has mysophibia (fear of germs), acrophobia (fear of heights), and arachnophobia (fear of spiders). Jackson’s parents are not sure how he developed his fears, but they know that his fears have been going on for the past couple of years. Jackson’s fears are gradually getting worse and...
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...Running Head: PHOBIA-NOT JUST A FEAR BUT A PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDER Phobias: Not Just A Fear but a Psychological Disorder Fear, an unpleasant emotion caused by the belief that someone or something is dangerous, likely to cause pain, or a threat. Fear is an unavoidable part of everyday life, and affects everyone in the world. However, there is a more powerful form of fear known as a phobia. Not everyone is affected by phobias, approximately eleven percent of the worlds population is (de Jong & Merckelbach, 2000). The world today associates any fear as a phobia, by tacking on the suffix “phobia” to the end of any word. However, a fear is not the same as a phobia. A phobia is a psychological disorder, not just an irrational fear. Belief that a phobia is not the same as a fear is controversial. This is increasingly important in this age of advanced psychology, medicine, and technology. Many people think that a phobia is defined as having a fear of a certain stimuli, but seem to overlook the fact that a phobia is more than a fear it is a psychological disorder. Phobias are quite difficult to understand, even to a person who has one. A phobia is an unrealistic and disproportionate fear of a certain stimuli resulting in panic, severe anxiety, lack of control and impairment. Phobias can be classified into two main groups, simple specific and complex general. Simple specific phobias are defined as an irrational fear to one specific stimulus, like a snake for example...
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...If you have a phobia or you are extremely scared of the something the typical response would be to avoid that thing or idea and continue on with life. That’s not how I see it. I believe that overcoming your fears it necessary because it can show you a whole side to yourself and the world you've never experienced before. Hear me out as I used to be apart of those “typical people”, and I had no problem staying away from my fear. My fear of fish. I can still remember with vivid details my first encounter with fish, it traumatized me. I have always been weary about fish and I never really liked them but it has never developed into a phobia until… that day… the day everything changes. It started in 2011, and I was in Florida, more specifically...
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