...Ryan Phillips Assignment #4 Vietnam Introduction Rules of engagement (ROE) “are a device used by a commander to set forth the parameters of when, how, for what duration and magnitude and geographical location, and against what targets our forces can employ force, generally deadly force … in a theater of operations. …” (Bolgiano, 2008). The ROE have been used in conventional wars fought throughout history. The United States of America used the ROE as tool to guide their soldiers in accomplishing their mission during the Vietnam War. Unfortunately the ideology of a limited war, placed limits on exactly what could be done and how it could be done throughout all levels of the chain of command. For the purpose of this paper the chain of command includes: the individual soldiers in the field, battalion commanders, division commanders, General William Westmoreland, Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara, and President Johnson. Soldiers in the Field Soldiers sent to Vietnam to fight in the war consisted mostly of draft calls and enlistments. The soldiers lacked sufficient training and had an insufficient amount of ammunition. Also, “other combat units arrived under strength and without all of their weapons, equipment, or supplies” (Moss, 2010, p. 166). The ideology of limited war had limited the resources for the soldiers already creating issues for U.S. forces at the beginning of the war. The ROE created a conventional style of war in which North Vietnam and the...
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...Johnson’s Limited War HIST-415 DeVry University November, 2013 The year 1965 could easily have been named Lyndon Johnson’s “Conflicted Conflict”. When we consider the big picture of 1965, the war in South Vietnam is not exactly progressing, as those in Washington would like, anyway. There have already been limited strikes against some targets in North Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia. However, the full brunt of American military force has yet to be felt by Hanoi. General Westmoreland, a decorated veteran of two wars is in command at MACV and devised several strategies to allay Johnson’s greater concerns over a wider war. This paper examines Johnson’s trepidation with widening the war in South East Asia, the strategies he was offered to allay some of these fears, and finally a general assessment of the “Rules of Engagement” as they were applied in Vietnam. President Johnson’s unconditional war on poverty was his greatest concern in early 1965, over all he wanted to complete the work of the New Deal and include all Americans in the prosperity of freedom. He was also a fervent believer in containing communism, and did not intend to loose South East Asia in the same manner that China was lost. (Moss, 2010 p.122) Additionally he feared broadening the war because there was always the possibility that if the United States became too aggressive in its prosecution the Soviets and or Red China may intervene. The Chinese intervention in Korea was still a fresh memory...
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...government. Many books, magazines, and other forms of commentary on the Vietnam War have surfaced in the half century since the war’s end. Historian and author Stanley Karnow suggests that such publications generally attempt to make sense of the horrific “war that nobody won” (Karnow 9). It is a subject that will continue endlessly to divide historians and others as they attempt to draw lessons from the conflict that might then be used to justify, condemn, or promote America’s involvement in modern day Vietnams. Because of the magnitude of complexities surrounding the war, some may find it difficult to formulate an unwavering opinion about the war’s causes and effects. According to Robert McNamara, who served as Secretary of Defense for Presidents Kennedy and Johnson, mankind has often struggled to find solutions to even simple problems related to the unification of values and ideologies spanning diverse cultures (McNamara 323). In order to fairly judge why the American government put our troops in the jungles, swamps, and fields of Vietnam, one might first closely examine why our government claims to have committed our troops to Vietnam. One of the reasons most adamantly advanced by our government to justify a full scale assault on the Vietcong of North Vietnam was an incident that is said to have occurred in the Gulf of Tonkin. The Gulf of Tonkin boarders Vietnam and was used by the South Vietnamese, as well as the U.S. and the North Vietnamese, as a means to patrol large areas...
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...No Child Left Behind and its Effects on City School Districts Abstract The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) is a federal law that mandates a number of programs aimed at improving U.S. education in elementary, middle, and high school by increasing accountability standards. The aproach of NCLB is based on theories in education that high expectations and goal setting will result in greater educational achievement for most students. High standards for all students as well as educators are quality goals, however, using standardized tests to measure success is not the most effective method. Having high standards is a necessary part of our nation's success, it sets a high level of accountability and provides benchmarks for both the student and educators. Those schools that are categorized as performing poor are required to have supplemental asistance like tutoring, after school programs or even replacing teacher completely. Schools risk being restructured or even taken over by the state is after five years of not making adequate yearly progress. But standardized testing is an ineffective way of assessing individual student performance. This type of test gives reason to teach according to what is on the test, rather than for authentic learning. When using standardized tests there is no room to account for differennt learning styles and strengths of each student. Everyone learns differenntly but with this type of test doesn't allow for...
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...R. A E E 1 Professor Dr. L. Hamilton SOC 106 11/25/13 Section 1: Growing up in poverty Poverty is everywhere, It is in every race and every country. A child that grows up in poverty is largely at risk because he or she may speak another language, or be less healthy, or has even been abused in one way or another. When children are in the school system and they are labeled “at-risk” and that means that the student comes from a low-socioeconomic level or speaks another language. Today, there are more single parents, dual earner couples, and parents with more than one job living in both rural and urban areas in the United States than at any other time in history. Statistics show there is approximately one in five American children who live below the national poverty level (Causes of Poverty). In today’s society, many people live below the poverty line and those numbers continue to increase because of our high unemployment rates. The Census Bureau reported that 12% of Americans live in poverty. According to the Department of Health and Human Services, the poverty level in 2009 for a family of four was $22,050. With today's unfortunate down turn of events in our economy, many families struggle to earn and still do not come close to that level. Welfare reform in the United States may pressure single mothers to be gainfully employed even though child care is extremely expensive and the mother may only have an income of minimum wage. At-risk children face so many seemingly...
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...Ethics Individual and Organizational Ethics Learning Goals After studying this chapter, you should be able to: 1 Describe the stages of moral and ethical development. 2 Explain and apply the core concepts used by individuals and organizations to make ethical decisions. 3 Describe some ethics-based initiatives for fostering diversity in organizations. 4 Explain the nature of stakeholder responsibility and its ethical basis. Individual Differences and Ethics Ethics Competency Anne Mulcahy’s Ethical Leadership Decision Making and Ethics Change Competency James McNerney, CEO of Boeing Diversity and Ethics Diversity Competency Verizon’s Workplace Diversity Stakeholder Responsibility and Ethics Ethics Competency Johnson & Johnson’s Stakeholder Ethics and Principles Experiential Exercise and Case Experiential Exercise: Ethics Competency What Is Your Decision? Case: Diversity Competency Consensual Relationship Agreements Learning from Experience Anne Mulcahy, Chairman and CEO of Xerox, Commits to Business Ethics Anne M. Mulcahy is the chairman and CEO of the Xerox Corporation, headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut. Xerox is best known for its copiers, but it also makes printers, scanners, and fax machines. The company sells document software and copier supplies and also provides consulting and document outsourcing. In this feature and throughout the chapter, we present a number of aspects of Anne Mulcahy’s personal commitment to ethics and Xerox’s initiatives...
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...Module Code: 56214 Student No. 201112880 Managing in Organizations The University of Hull Business School Module Name: Managing in Organizations Assignment: A Critical Analysis on the Importance of Organizational Culture and its relation with Motivation in XYZ Technologies Co. Ltd. Page 1 of 27 Module Code: 56214 Student No. 201112880 Managing in Organizations The University of Hull Business School Assignment Question “Choose one or two areas covered in the Managing in Organizations module. Critically analyze these areas with the context of an organization in which you have worked or with which you are familiar.” Page 2 of 27 Module Code: 56214 Student No. 201112880 Managing in Organizations The University of Hull Business School Contents S.I. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Introduction XYZ Technologies – Background Theories of Organizational Culture Role Culture Factors of the Culture Theories of Motivation Expectation and Motivation Motivational Factors Conclusion Description Page Nos. 4 5 7 9 12 18 21 24 25 Page 3 of 27 Module Code: 56214 Student No. 201112880 Managing in Organizations The University of Hull Business School Introduction Telecommunication industry is one of the largest industries of 20th century. Competition among the companies is getting tighter day by day. Although more detail or composite investigation is required to prove but there is at least some strong reference that variations in cultural values...
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...The Definition of Employee Communication Communication is often defined as the sharing of information, feelings and ideas. In the business world, exchanging information is essential for your company's success, and there are many different avenues available to communicate with your employees and customers. With the advent of social media, the number of communication options has exploded. You can share among your employees almost instantaneously. As the speed of communication accelerates, your challenges to communicate effectively also increase. Keeping your communications accurate and informative becomes a daily challenge. Traditional Communication Methods Communicating with your employees has traditionally been a top-down process: Management created policies, procedures, documents and memos and distributed them to workers. Your now deliver communication usually through internal email messages and website updates. Employees most likely communicate through email and phone calls, with occasional meetings to update status and review accomplishments. Paper memos still exist, but their use is declining as most organizations now rely almost exclusively on email for their important communications. Email and Instant Messaging Your employees most likely use email and instant messaging for most of their daily communications. From daily updates to the latest news from your field offices, associates can stay up to date and informed at all times. The advantages of email and instant messaging...
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...Auditing Cases An Interactive Learning Approach FIFTH M F S D E D ITIO N S. B A. B M. G F. P Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editor in Chief: Donna Battista Acquisitions Editor: Stephanie Wall Editorial Project Manager: Christina Rumbaugh Senior Managing Editor: Cynthia Zonneveld Production Project Manager: Carol O'Rourke Senior Operations Supervisor: Diane Peirano Printer/Binder: BindRite Graphics, Robbinsville Credits and acknowledgments borrowed from other sources and reproduced, with permission, in this textbook appear on the appropriate page within text. Copyright © 2012, 2009, 2006, 2003, 2000 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish...
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...Apple Stores Ron Johnson (HBS ’84), Apple Computer’s Senior Vice-President of Retail, never missed a chance to show a customer through the nearest Apple Store. A former Vice-President of Merchandising at Target (a leading department store chain), Johnson joined Apple in January 2000 with the mission to oversee the creation of the company’s own stores. The first store opened in May 2001—and just seven months later, 27 identical stores had been opened across the United States. During his store visits, Johnson tried computer applications, listened to a store employee make a presentation in front of the 10-foot screen at the rear of the store in “the theater,” and respectfully introduced his guests to the local “genius,” the official title of a very knowledgeable employee who stood behind a “bar” (complete with stools and water bottles) and helped solve consumer problems. Every detail of the store experience had been carefully designed, and as much as Johnson enjoyed each tour, he was also checking that all the store’s elements were perfectly under control. “The store experience has to be the same every day, every hour, in every store. We care passionately about that,” he often said. The stores were expanding to new territories, mostly in high traffic shopping malls, with the explicit purpose of “enriching people’s lives” and converting new customers to Apple products. To complete that mission successfully, Johnson’s focus was on choosing the right locations, selecting and training...
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...BP Leadership Group Four MGMT 620 – High Performance Leadership 2/5/2012 Chadron State College Abstract The purpose of this analysis is to focus on British Petroleum (BP) leadership as it relates to the 2010 Gulf oil spill and cleanup. One would think that a large corporation like BP would be penalized greatly from an oil spill of the magnitude. Once the announcement was made of the spill, BP leadership was quick to shirk responsibility and circumvent its safety policies and practices which led to one of the greatest man-made ecological disasters the world has ever known. Prior to the spill, the leadership values and culture at BP are obvious. Their focus was on reducing costs and meeting tight time-lines at the expense of safety. The former BP CEO resigned voluntarily. What leadership values or traits changed as a result of the disaster at BP? Did the new CEO set forth a path of leadership change or rather simply pacify the media? The Gulf oil spill forced a rapid increase in fuel prices in the country. In one quarter during 2010, BP earned enough profit to cover the expenses associated with the spill, including the associated litigation. One astonishing fact is that, upon exiting, the (supposedly) punished CEO was given a settlement of over 100 million dollars from BP. What leadership changes have occurred as a result of this tragedy? Not much, why? Limited financial consequences for BP have brought about very little change in leadership...
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...jon24565_ch05.qxd 11/2/05 1:22 PM Page 138 C H A P T E R 5 Business Ethics and the Legal Environment of Business Learning Objectives After studying this chapter you should be able to: 1. Understand the relationship between ethics and the law and appreciate why it is important to behave ethically. 2. Differentiate between the claims of the different stakeholder groups affected by a company’s actions. 3. Identify the four main sources of business ethics, and describe four rules that can be used to help companies and their employees behave ethically. 4. Describe some methods companies can use to strengthen their ethical rules and positions. 5. Appreciate the important ways in which a nation’s business laws and regulations affect business commerce, occupations, and organizations. WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT ? A friend who is an A-student has offered to write your paper, which is worth 25% of your grade, for $50. You need the course to graduate because you only have a low C average. You hate writing, do it very poorly, and know others have had good results submitting this student’s papers as their own. Will you pay the money and submit the paper or submit your own paper and pray for a good result? This chapter will help you learn how to act ethically when facing dilemmas in your business and personal life. This is important because the decisions you make will affect your own future and those of stakeholders of the organizations that...
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...Workforce Guide to the Icons 4 Successes & Challenges 55 Employee Retention, Development & Recruitment 9 Organizational Profile 58 Compensation 10 Report Profile 58 Diversity & Inclusion The icons below help to communicate the scope and boundary for each topic covered in our report. They represent the audience and locations throughout the world impacted by our business segments or enterprise. 11 Citizenship & Sustainability 59 Political Contributions, Public Policy & Lobbying Citizenship & Sustainability Strategy Our Strategic Framework 62 Intellectual Property 13 Our Citizenship & Sustainability Materiality Assessment Process 62 Stakeholder Engagement 15 Advancing Human Health & Well-Being 16 Global Health 18 Access to and Affordability of Health Care 21 Product Pipeline 22 R&D and Clinical Trials 24 Innovation 26 Market Access 27 Preventing Disease and Promoting Wellness 28 Leading a Dynamic & Growing Business Responsibly 29 Strategic Leadership 29 Quality & Safety of...
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...jon24565_ch05.qxd 11/2/05 1:22 PM Page 138 C H A P T E R 5 Business Ethics and the Legal Environment of Business Learning Objectives After studying this chapter you should be able to: 1. Understand the relationship between ethics and the law and appreciate why it is important to behave ethically. 2. Differentiate between the claims of the different stakeholder groups affected by a company’s actions. 3. Identify the four main sources of business ethics, and describe four rules that can be used to help companies and their employees behave ethically. 4. Describe some methods companies can use to strengthen their ethical rules and positions. 5. Appreciate the important ways in which a nation’s business laws and regulations affect business commerce, occupations, and organizations. WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT ? A friend who is an A-student has offered to write your paper, which is worth 25% of your grade, for $50. You need the course to graduate because you only have a low C average. You hate writing, do it very poorly, and know others have had good results submitting this student’s papers as their own. Will you pay the money and submit the paper or submit your own paper and pray for a good result? This chapter will help you learn how to act ethically when facing dilemmas in your business and personal life. This is important because the decisions you make will affect your own future and those of stakeholders of the organizations that...
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...C H A P T E R 5 Business Ethics and the Legal Environment of Business Learning Objectives After studying this chapter you should be able to: 1. Understand the relationship between ethics and the law and appreciate why it is important to behave ethically. 2. Differentiate between the claims of the different stakeholder groups affected by a company’s actions. 3. Identify the four main sources of business ethics, and describe four rules that can be used to help companies and their employees behave ethically. 4. Describe some methods companies can use to strengthen their ethical rules and positions. 5. Appreciate the important ways in which a nation’s business laws and regulations affect business commerce, occupations, and organizations. WHY IS THIS IMPORTANT ? A friend who is an A-student has offered to write your paper, which is worth 25% of your grade, for $50. You need the course to graduate because you only have a low C average. You hate writing, do it very poorly, and know others have had good results submitting this student’s papers as their own. Will you pay the money and submit the paper or submit your own paper and pray for a good result? This chapter will help you learn how to act ethically when facing dilemmas in your business and personal life. This is important because the decisions you make will affect your own future and those of stakeholders of the organizations that employ you. A Question of Business How Different Ethical Stances Can Help or Harm...
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