...time, to present day, human trafficking has existed. There are numerous women, children, and adolescents falling victim to human trafficking. Belize and Venezuela are two countries with the most dangerous count of people being mistreated or being sold for profit, child labor, sex slaves, etc. Both countries should be putting a stop to the crimes going on in their neighborhoods, but nothing is being done. No flyers, campaigns, commercials, nothing to bring awareness. This paper will propose solutions to the crimes being made in both Venezuela and Belize. Human trafficking has been around for thousands of years, but in the fourteen hundreds, the Portuguese would transport people from Africa to Portugal...
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...Human trafficking is the forceful transportation, recruitment, or trade of persons for the purpose of exploitation in such forms as prostitution, slavery, or organ removal. It is a global problem because it is a transnational crime that abuses the human rights of vulnerable immigrants and migrants. My question is: How has globalization contributed to the rise of human trafficking? There are several journal articles that I accessed online that discuss the topic of the globalization of human trafficking. An article called “Globalization and Human Trafficking” from the Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare demonstrates how human trafficking is a global issue in that our globalized world has created increased vulnerability to trafficking, especially due to immigration, migrant labor, and the ease of crossing borders. It is emphasized in the article, “Children for sale: Child...
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...Child trafficking and the sexual exploitation of children are issues that, despite affecting a large portion of the world’s population – prompting protocols and reports being made by the United Nations – is widely misunderstood. This common misunderstanding leads to victims having prolonged and more detrimental mental and social recovery periods once reintegrated into community life. This essay argues that wider public education about the child sex trade and community involvement in trafficking prevention programs are necessary for the mental and social wellbeing of trafficking victims, and for the prevention of future trafficking crimes. Public participation in prevention initiatives provides a safety net and strong community for victims being...
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...Human Trafficking – Prostitution in San Diego, California A sad fact widely known but not nearly as much talked about is that even in the land of the free, people are being bought, sold and smuggled like modern-day slaves. People are slowly disappearing, may it be somebody’s neighbor down the street, an unknown victim at the park or anybody in a known city like San Diego residing on the borders of Mexico. According to the Legal Social Issues Research Lab, “A modern-day form of slavery is known as human trafficking.” Victims of human trafficking are subjected to force, fraud, or coercion, for the purpose of sexual exploitation or forced labor. We are all victims as they are young children, teenagers, men and woman. Most Victims are trafficked into the Sex Industry. David A. Feingold states in his article that: Moving people across borders is as old as supplies and demand. What is new is the volume of the traffic and –and the realization that we have done little to stem the tide. We must look beyond our raw emotions if we are ever to stop those who trade in human lives. Trafficking in human begins with the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons for the purpose of exploitation. Human trafficking differs from people smuggling. In the latter, people would voluntarily request smuggler’s service for fees, and there may be no deception involved in this agreement. On arrival at their destination, the smuggled person is either free or is required...
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...PROSTITUTION WITHOUT BORDERS: A High-Tech Human Trafficking in the 21st Century by: Ma. Bernadette B. Bautista As the world moves further into the 21st century, the society becomes more and more dependent on science and technology. Men had discovered technological innovations which brought about admirable effects like new approaches to industry, medicine, communication and information that facilitates the growth of virtual partnerships. With the emergence of new technologies, countries, regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a global network of communication, transportation, and trade. But as technology advances in time, it has brought about both positive and negative impact not only on individuals but on the society as well. Men had used new forms and new technologies to facilitate their illegal activities and one of which is the raging human trafficking. Human trafficking or trafficking in persons is defined in the 2000 United Nations Convention Against Transnational Crime as the recruitment, transportation, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. It has developed throughout the years. It includes labor exploitation...
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...The Globalization of Prostitution According to Manfred Steger, professor at the University of Hawaii, globalization can be defined as the “intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant localitites in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa” (13). The main characteristics of globalization are the increased amount of global trading, markets’ openings, and inflow and outflow of goods and service (Ditmore, 186). Globalization has four major qualities such as creation of new social networks, stretching of social relations, intensification of social exchanges, and consciousness across the world (14-15). Globalization can be beneficial in terms of communication and economic trade but also can be very harmful when it comes to sex marketing, trafficking and prostitution. Prostitution is a very controversial topic and is widely debated in different countries. Globally, people are divided into proponents and opponents of legalization of prostitution. This paper is going to research and critically analyze the conflict regarding legalization of prostitution as well as provide a comparative perspective on illegal prostitution in the United States and legal prostitution in Germany. Prostitution is often named as the oldest profession in the world. Even in the times of Bible, prostitution was one of the most common ways for women to earn money. According to American Bible Society, Proverbs 23:27-28 says “for a prostitute...
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...Human trafficking is defined as, “The illegal trade of human beings for the purposes of reproductive slavery, commercial sexual exploitation, forced labor, or a modern-day form of slavery.” Prostitution is defined as, “The act or practice of providing sexual services to another person in return for payment.” These two entities go hand in hand, as nearly four million people are trafficked every year into some form of prostitution. Humans are trafficked for other reasons, though, such as: forced labor, domestic servitude, and farm work. However, the number one reason for human trafficking is prostitution. The more shocking reality of the situation is that some countries tolerate prostitution. It is even legal in some places. In Copenhagen, Denmark, prostitution is rampant because of such decriminalization (Shubert). This profusion of illicit activity is the birth child of one thing, human trafficking. The fact that some countries allow acts of prostitution to be legal is dubious. Anyone forced into any acts that they don’t wish to participate in is having their civil liberties violated. If such violations are to be stopped, then one must look for the root of the root of the problem. The root seems to be lawful prostitution, because it only seems to welcome the idea of trafficking unwilling individuals into positions in which they don’t want to be in. Conversely, some individuals are wholly willing to participate in acts of prostitution. However, these people shouldn’t be put at...
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...Prostitution. An age-old profession or an age-old problem begetting more problems? The United Kingdom is in the process of determining if and how to update or change its current laws regarding prostitution. In the midst of this determination, questions abound. Prostitution is no easy matter. In the age of women’s rights and the women’s movement, prostitution is a dividing factor. On the one end, it is the epitome of patriarchal abuse throughout centuries and perfected in our culture today. On the other end, it is a form of empowerment. And in between is the common person with his or her own take on prostitution as either abuse, a profession, or something a little of both. Alongside this culture of moral, cultural and legal uncertainty and to confound the problem is prostitution’s purported connection to international human trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation. Therefore, on the one hand, prostitution’s reason for being illegal due to immorality may be obsolete, but should it remain somewhat illegal or banned altogether because it is linked to another crime that transcends borders and cultures? The following is a discussion on the same, and in the end, it is hoped that some clarity may be revealed from a puddle of obscurity. First, a brief introduction will be given about prostitution and human trafficking. Second, the laws of the United Kingdom and international law will be reviewed and analyzed. Third, a comparative review of current legal systems and...
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...associated with the definition of trafficking, even though there are varied perceptions. The first school of thought defines trafficking as that which has to do with forcible procurement of women and children and mainly focuses on sexual exploitation. The Convention on the Suppression of Traffic of Persons and the Exploitation for Prostitution of Others, 1949 was the foremost United Nations instrument that specifically addressed the definition and other related issues of trafficking. This convention was ratified by only 60 countries and remains largely unused and moribund till date. This convention has been regarded as abolitionist in nature by those countries which have legalized or regulated...
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...Exploitation of Women in Prostitution Submitted by: 9 Nadine Bo 27 Isabella Manuel III-Katarungan Submitted to: Miss Josel Cruz March 11, 2013 I. Introduction Many of today’s social issues have been around for hundreds of years. Social issues can be likened to a cancer; a cancer that grows inside but can be fully removed with proper treatment. This includes corruption, poverty, war crimes, racism and human trafficking. Human trafficking has gone far from being unnoticed in its many forms such as prostitution of women and even children. As early as 18th century BC, prostitution has been recognized as a profession. It was a sign of hospitality for the ancient Sumerians, for others it was obligatory for their beliefs and religion. However, man has gone far from the ways of the old. Now, the world is at that point in history where everyone should have learned from ancestors’ accomplishments and failures alike. Prostitution, commonly referred to as “the world’s oldest profession”, must have been solved as a social issue long ago, but similar to other issues it hasn’t been fully eliminated because it is a social problem. Social problems are deeply rooted in the nature of humans and society. As long as there are people willing to understand and work with these women towards social equity, there is a solution. There are efforts to remove prostitution and most of all the exploitation, harassment and abuse of those involved such as legal measures and private organizations...
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...Human Trafficking Article 3, paragraph (a) of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons defines Trafficking in Persons as the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person, for the purpose of exploitation. Exploitation shall include, at a minimum, the exploitation of the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery or practices similar to slavery, servitude or the removal of organs ( www.unodc.org). Human trafficking has become a major problem worldwide which affects many people it is also a serious crime and a violation in human rights. An estimated 600-800 thousand people are moved unwillingly between international borders each year). There is an even larger number of 12.3 million people who are estimated to be forced to work in agriculture, manufacturing, and the sex trade. A majority of the people forced into labor, especially into the sex trade, are children, most of which are women, at an estimated 1 million children per year. There is a large amount of violence and abuse involved in sex slavery, many times leading to death. Globalization seems to have played a major role in the rise of sex...
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...Cathy Keith Child Trafficking: Innocent Children Force into Prostitution Prof: Leon Geter 04/26/2012 Abstract This research paper surveys the contextual factors surrounding child trafficking for the purposes of prostitution and also examines potential ethical issues arising from research to safeguard the psychological and physical well-being of these children. This paper is not intended to provide an ethical best-practice checklist rather its aim is to encourage the exploration of important ethical issues and further questions to be addressed by researchers in this area. In so doing, I hope to encourage the development of a fully informed decision-making approach to anti-trafficking policy and practice, and the improved provision of appropriate services for children being trafficked for prostitution. Hence the necessity, as I see it, for a reconsideration of victim-status and its constituents. The qualitative research methodology used in this research involved semi-structured interviews conducted throughout the United States and an extensive review of current literature. The sample population included individuals from a wide spectrum of expertise including United States governmental agencies and local non-governmental organizations with experience and knowledge of child trafficking and prostitution. Introduction Human trafficking is the slavery of our time. Exactly 200 years ago, Britain and the United Stated formally outlawed the transatlantic slave trade...
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...Presently prostitution is a non-criminal offence to the extent that soliciting sexual intercourse privately is legal in the UK, illegal in the majority of African nations, almost all Eastern-European nations and throughout 49 of the 50 states in the USA, which is frankly outrageous. It is also outlawed in approximately half of the nations in the continent of South America. While many may perceive this as morally correct, there are numerous factors which suggest quite the opposite, and display that it is certain that prostitution should be legalised globally. For an act so truly innocuous, harmless and reasonable it is horrifyingly punishable by death in nations such as Iran, North Korea and Saudi Arabia. It is clear that it should be legalised....
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...000 women be trafficked to fulfill the increase demand of prostitution during the World Cup. Before and during the World Cup, German government merged with local authorities pursued a series of measures positively to prevent the possible sexual exploitation. Two main campaigns ‘Final Whistle-Stop Forced Prostitution’ and ‘Red Card for Sexual Exploitation and Forced Prostitution’ hold by different NOGs also been supported by the European Parliament and other international organizations. Statistics regarding THB during the World Cup are not publicly available yet. However, the BKA is currently collecting data and information on behalf of the German states’ Criminal Police offices and NGOs (Dreher, Cho, & Neumayer, 2013) . Another campaigns involved in the IOM, the MTV Europe Foundation, Sida and the World Childhood Foundation improved Public Service Announcement directly provided hotline information for anonymously report. “An increase on the demand side for sexual services during a major global sporting event, whatever the country, will inevitably attract traffickers who will see an opportunity to turn a quick profit,” says IOM head of Counter Trafficking Richard Danziger (2006). Additionally, international organizations included the ILO, UNICEF and Amnesty International among others declared statement focused on the issue of increase in the demand of sexual exploitation might possible increase in trafficking in human beings during the event. Further participants included...
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...Human Rights Report on Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children Spain Population: 40,548,753 (July 2010 est.) Population Growth Rate: 0.045% (2010 est.) Birth Rate: 9.54 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) Life Expectancy: total population: 80.18 years; male: 76.88 years; female: 83.7 years (2010 est.) Literacy Rate: total population: 97.9%; male: 98.7%; female: 97.2% (2003 est.) Net Migration Rate: 0.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) Unemployment Rate: 18.1% (2009 est.) Gross Domestic Product per Capita: $33,700 (2009 est.) Religions: Roman Catholic 94%, other 6% Languages: Castilian Spanish (official) 74%; Catalan 17%, Galician 7%, and Basque 2% are official regionally Ethnic Groups: composite of Mediterranean and Nordic types Capital: Madrid1 Trafficking Routes Given Spain’s proximity to North Africa, trafficking routes often include Spain as a destination or transit country onto the European continent. Trafficking victims, mainly young women, are recruited from Eastern Europe and South America with the promise of jobs in Spain. The traffickers then force the women into sexual servitude. The Canary Islands remain one of the most used routes for illegal immigrants from West Africa.2 Spain and Italy are among the major receiving countries for persons trafficked from West Africa in general and Nigeria in particular, either for labor, sex, or the removal of their organs.3 The sources of trafficking are not restricted to neighboring regions, as victims...
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