...their style and grammar. These goals are closely related to those of the WPA Outcomes published by the Council of Writing Program Administrators. The WPA Outcomes requires students to be proficient in rhetorical knowledge, critical thinking, reading, and composing, as well as understanding the writing process, and conventions. (WPA Outcomes). I was able to improve my research writing through deliberate practice during the writing of my Rogerian argument, and my grit theory paper. Writing this paper challenged me to find reliable and credible sources. This is something I’ve always been pretty good at, but English 101 taught me what exactly makes a source reliable. Having an author who is credible in the topic adds to the reliability of the source. This means finding some one who may have a degree in that area or done research about it. My sources have dramatically improved since just first semester. Another thing we learned was a bout secondary and primary sources. In my Rogerian essay I used a secondary source “Ingraham, Christopher. “Analysis | It's Time to Bring Back the Assault Weapons Ban, Gun Violence Experts Say.” The Washington Post, WP Company, 15 Feb. 2018,” This is a secondary source because Christopher Ingraham is a writer for the Washington Post, but he got his information from gun experts. Aside from sources I also improved my citations. Before English 101 I did not know how to do a correct in-text citation and my works cited page was always a mess. Learning how to...
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...present 5. Conflict- the source of tension in the event 6. Dialogue- allows the reader to experience characters directly 7. Narrator- person who tells the story 8. Causal analysis- shows how one event or phenomenon brings about anothe 9. Causes- why an event or phenomenon happens 10. Effects- what happens because of the event or phenomenon 11. Chronological - arranged in a time sequence 12. Emphatic- Most compelling saved for last 13. Comparison and Contrast- to point out similarities and/or dissimilarities 14. Subject-by-Subject - describing everything relevant about one subject before moving to another subject. 15. Point-by-Point- alternating from one aspect of a subject to the same aspect of another subject 16. Transitions - words and phrases that ease readers from one idea to another 17. Basis of Comparison- Common characteristic on which to base the essay. 18. Argumentation- uses clear thinking and logic in order to convince readers of the soundness of a particular opinion on a controversial issue 19. Persuasion- uses emotional language and makes dramatic appeals to readers’ concerns, beliefs, and values 20. Logos- the soundness of the argument: facts, statistics, examples, and authoritative statements 21. Pathos- the emotional power of...
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...Sabrina VanDerwarker Elisabeth Rutledge English 1302_71 25 November 2014 Researched Argument Audience Analysis: Abortion 1. Who is your audience? What is the name of the person or group for whom you are writing this argument? Why have you chosen this person or group as your target audience? Why will your argument have exigence for your audience? My audience would be to pregnant women. I have chosen my audience to be pregnant women because women who get pregnant are often asked if they know all their options. 2. How open is your audience to your argument? Is it undecided or hostile? Keep in mind that the more hostile your audience is, the more time you will need to spend establishing common ground between you and your audience. My audience would have to be more towards hostile because abortion is a sensitive subject to some people. 3. How will you organize your argument to accommodate your audience’s level of openness to your position? Will your argument have a classical structure? Will it have a Rogerian structure? Will you be presenting your reasons and evidence before directly stating your thesis? Why, based on your knowledge of your audience, will your argument have the organization you will be using? I will give both of the sides of the argument and keep an open mind when presenting both sides. My argument will have a Rogerian structure and my thesis will come after all the evidence is presented. 4. What are your audience's priorities and goals? What...
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...theory of neurosis, he captured the tragic dimension of human existence, particularly in the selfdestructive antithesis of instinctual conflict. The locus of these destructive impulses is internalized in the individual and not merely derivative from civilization. In this respect, Freud’s portrayal of the human condition has more depth than romantic humanism and yields significant points of correlation with the Christian understanding of sin, guilt, and the need for redemption. Regarding Freud’s theory of personality, there appears to be no unified structure or functional unity between the id, the ego, and the superego, and these personality components are described in intuitive and literary terms that elude scientific analysis. Instead, they are often personified as homunculi that operate in monochromatic ways, yielding a theory that does not adequately account for the richness, complexity, and diversity of human personality. In spite of his commitment to a scientific world view, Freud’s ideas were less objective and scientific than he liked to think. His theory was based more on clinical impressions than on controlled empirical methods. The accumulation of data and presentation of conclusions is...
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...Literary Analysis Paper Flannery O’Connor is without a doubt one of the most influential renowned writers has earned her to be one of the top Literary Writers of have came out of the South. She is mostly known for her intense and jaw dropping stories on mystery and violence, to show a type of representation of salvation through obscure stories like “A Good Man Is Hard to Find”; which was still till this very day of the best known stories O’Connor has wrote in a long time. The story as a whole represents the ethics the self-righteousness grandmother in the family that had been surprised by this so called spiritual awareness by this unknown murder, which goes by the name of The Misfit, who had posses the action of committing a murderous spree...
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...Q-Sort Technique and Q-Methodology—Innovative Methods for Examining Attitudes and Opinions Florian H. Müller, Elisabeth Kals Abstract In the German tradition of social sciences Q-method is not well known. Q-method combines both qualitative and quantitative research and is used to examine complex subjective structures like opinions, attitudes and values. This paper presents an introduction to Q-technique and its underlying methodology. The various applications of the method for a qualitative orientated research in the fields of market, opinion and media are also listed. The significance of the method for single case studies, for exploratory cluster analysis and for a combined application of qualitative and quantitative research strategies is emphasized. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0402347 Q-Sort technique First developed by Stephenson (1953), and later by Carl Rogers (1954) in humanistic psychotherapy. The Q-Sort technique helps judge self-esteem and personal growth. It helps indicate the individuals (poor) perceived self, and ideal-self. Q-sort technique - scaling General methodology developed to discriminate among relatively large number of objects quickly. It gathers data and processes the collected information; the subjects are assigned the task of sorting a number of statements by placing a specific number of statements in each sorting category; the emphases are on determining the relative ranking of stimuli by individuals and in deriving cluster of individuals...
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...iNTEGRATIVE Perpetual evolution: A dynamic integrative approach to developing praxis in counselling psychology Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Theory Building in Counselling Psychology 2 The Impulse Toward Eclecticism 4 My Bohartian History 6 Adlerian Psychotherapy as Structured Eclecticism 10 My Adlerian Roots 11 Beyond Adler: Robertsonian Meme Therapy 13 The Nature of Self 13 The Potential for Using Memes in Counselling 15 A Use of Meme Theory in Counselling a Suicidal Youth 17 Holistic, Dynamic and Integrative: Looking Forward in Our Profession 21 Summarizing the Foundational Principles of My Practice 21 Revisiting Holism 23 Future directions 25 Footnotes 27 Theory Building in Counselling Psychology An early text lamented, “A good theory is clear, comprehensive, explicit, parsimonious, and useful. We appear to have a paucity of good theories in psychology” (Stefflre & Matheny, 1968). Lent attempted to reduce this paucity by formulating his own theory: Wellness is intended to capture the notion of health as a dynamic state or process rather than a static endpoint; psychosocial wellness acknowledges the importance of both intrapersonal and interpersonal functioning. The multiple aspects of wellness would include a) self-perceived (domain and/or global) satisfaction (hedonic well-being), b) domain/role satisfactoriness, c) presence of prosocial versus antisocial behavior, and d) low levels of psychologistical...
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...how to approach each particular type of writing. Second, the sample essays are good tools for you to see how these different essays look in their final form. These are not templates (no essay can be a carbon copy of another even in form), but they will give you a good idea of what a final piece of writing for each mode of discourse looks like. It would be advantageous to critically analyze the form and content of each sample against the instruction for how to write each type of essay. chapter 21 expository essays Jennifer propp An expository essay explains something using facts rather than opinions. The purpose of this type of essay is to inform an audience about a subject. It is not intended to persuade or present an argument of any kind. Writing this type of essay is a good way to learn about all the different perspectives on a topic. Many students use the expository essay to explore a variety of topics, and do so in a wide range of formats, including “process” and “definition” essays. Who Is the Intended AudIence for An exposItory essAy? The audience for an expository essay is a general one, and can vary widely depending upon the topic chosen. Keeping this in mind, students should compose their essays to reach a broad selection of readers. A good rule of thumb to use is to assume the audience has no prior knowledge of the topic. hoW do I WrIte An...
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... 09545395 Subject Terms: Studies Human resource management Business ethics Classification Codes: 9175: Western Europe 9140: Statistical data 6100: Human resource planning 2400: Public relations Geographic Names: United Kingdom UK Abstract: The relative absence of debate about ethical issues within the area of human resource management is addressed. IT is argued that ethics is not about taking statements of morality at face value; it is a critical and challenging tool. The discussion starts with what should be familiar terrain: ethical arguments that uphold a managerialist position, such as ethical individualism, utilitarianism, and "Rawlsian" justice. Other theories are then introduced that broaden the field of ethical concern in an endeavor to be more socially inclusive: stakeholding and discourse theory. Copyright Eclipse Group Ltd. 2000 Full Text: Until very recently the field of business ethics was not preoccupied with issues relating to the ethical management of employees. Apart from the development of ethical awareness among managers (Snell, 1993; Maclagan, 1998) and the ethical dimension of change management processes (Mayon White, 1994; McKendall, 1993), there has been little debate around the ethical basis of much HR policy and practice. The main debates in business...
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...Communication Theory Nine: Two Robert T. Craig Communication Theory as a Field May 1999 Pages 119-161 This essay reconstructs communication theory as a dialogical-dialectical field according to two principles: the constitutive model of communication as a metamodel and theory as metadiscursive practice. The essay argues that all communication theories are mutually relevant when addressed to a practical lifeworld in which “communication” is already a richly meaningful term. Each tradition of communication theory derives from and appeals rhetorically to certain commonplace beliefs about communication while challenging other beliefs. The complementarities and tensions among traditions generate a theoretical metadiscourse that intersects with and potentially informs the ongoing practical metadiscourse in society. In a tentative scheme of the field, rhetorical, semiotic, phenomenological, cybernetic, sociopsychological, sociocultural, and critical traditions of communication theory are distinguished by characteristic ways of defining communication and problems of communication, metadiscursive vocabularies, and metadiscursive commonplaces that they appeal to and challenge. Topoi for argumentation across traditions are suggested and implications for theoretical work and disciplinary practice in the field are considered. Communication theory is enormously rich in the range of ideas that fall within its nominal scope, and new theoretical work on communication ...
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...Marriage Guidance – Summary MGG201W MGG201W – Marriage Guidance – facilitative couples counselling Theme ONE – Understanding couples Intimacy involves: love, affection and caring, deep attachment to another person. The TRIPOD of couple relationships An intimate relationship consists of three factors that form a tripod on which the relationship rests. 1. Passionate attraction (PA) 2. Mutual expectations (ME) 3. Personal intentions (PI) Passionate attractions (PA) → Individual experiences intensely pleasurable sensations when thinking about or being with a new partner. → Blushing, trembling, breathlessness, high sexual desire → Referred to as infatuation = passing love “a foolish and unreasoning love’ → Infatuation is not a realistic / accurate appraisal of the relationship / idealisation → Negative / flaws in the idealised beloved may be intellectually recognised, but disregarded as endearingly special. Person chooses to ignore the negatives → Normal phase in the process of relationships → Infatuation can lead to a lasting relationship – but it mostly fades away and relationship based on infatuation alone will fail. Love → Involves physical attraction - deeper → Love encompasses PA, ME and PI → People rely mostly on life experiences to guide them to their own unique way of demonstrating love. → Eric Fromm “love is active concern for the life and growth of the person we love” → Love is deep, unselfish, caring, deep respect Hauck’s basic principles about love • It is not just...
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...Instructor’s Manual and Test Bank to accompany A First Look at Communication Theory Sixth Edition Em Griffin Wheaton College prepared by Glen McClish San Diego State University and Emily J. Langan Wheaton College Published by McGrawHill, an imprint of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright Ó 2006, 2003, 2000, 1997, 1994, 1991 by The McGrawHill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced in print form solely for classroom use with A First Look At Communication Theory provided such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any other form or for any other purpose without the prior written consent of The McGrawHill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. PREFACE Rationale We agreed to produce the instructor’s manual for the sixth edition of A First Look at Communication Theory because it’s a first-rate book and because we enjoy talking and writing about pedagogy. Yet when we recall the discussions we’ve had with colleagues about instructor’s manuals over the years, two unnerving comments stick with us: “I don’t find them much help”; and (even worse) “I never look at them.” And, if the truth be told, we were often the people making such points! With these statements in mind, we have done some serious soul-searching about the texts that so many teachers—ourselves...
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...THE INTERVIEWER’S POCKETBOOK By John Townsend Drawings by Phil Hailstone “An excellent, concise and well-organised guide to the art of interviewing.” H-J Jensen, Director, Personnel Flight Crews, SAS (Scandinavian Airlines System) Stockholm. “The first real interviewing guide for managers I’ve come across.” F. Zumstein, Human Resources Manager, COSA Division, Caterpillar Overseas SA, Geneva. “Very comprehensive and packed with confidence-building techniques which even the most experienced manager will find useful.” Rosalind Allison-Calvert, Director of Human Resources, ACNielsen Co. Ltd. CONTENTS PART 1. INTERVIEWING SKILLS QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES 10 types of questions, when & how to ask them LISTENING Listening test, preparing to listen, listening barriers, non-interventional listening, interactive listening, mirroring, echoing, note-taking 1 THE APPRAISAL INTERVIEW Problems, principles, SOS + 5, style, interview tips SNAP 63 15 THE DISCIPLINE INTERVIEW Definition/principles, the SNAP method THE COUNSELLING INTERVIEW The nature of helping, the WRAF approach THE FACT-FINDING INTERVIEW Definitions, additional skills, example 75 85 INTERPRETING BODY LANGUAGE 29 Paralinguistics, types, hands, sitting, standing, eye contact, orientation, proximity, looks/appearance, expressions of emotion, further reading 95 PART 2. INTERVIEW TYPES AND TIPS THE SELECTION INTERVIEW Preparation, structure, evaluation, follow-up 43 PART 3. SKILLS SUMMARIES 1. Questioning...
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...Colorado at Boulder Aamodt, M. G., & Kimbrough, W. W. (1982). Effects of group heterogeneity on quality of task solutions. Psychological Review, 50, 171-174. Abbey, D. S. (1982). Conflict in unstructured groups: An explanation from control-theory. Psychological Reports, 51, 177-178. Abele, A. E. (2003). The dynamics of masculine-agentic and feminine-communal traits: Findings from a prospective study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 768-776. Abele, A., Gendolla, G. H. E., & Petzold, P. (1998). Positive mood and in-group—out-group differentiation in a minimal group setting. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 1343-1357. Aberson, C. L., Healy, M., & Romero, V. (2000). Ingroup bias and self-esteem: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4, 157-173. Abougendia, M., Joyce, A. S., Piper, W. E., & Ogrodniczuk, J. S. (2004). Alliance as a mediator of expectancy effects in short-term group psychotherapy. Group Dynamics: Theory, Research, and Practice, 8, 3-12. Abraham, A. (1973a). Group tensions as measured by configurations of different self and transself aspects. Group Process, 5, 71-89. Abraham, A. (1973b). A model for exploring intra and interindividual processes in groups. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 23, 3-22. Abraham, A. (1974-1975). Processes in groups. Bulletin de Psychogie, 28, 746-758. Abraham, A., Geffroy, Y., & Ancelin-Schutzenberger, A. (1980). A method for analyzing group interaction: Development...
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...C h a p t e r 1 Prewriting GETTING STARTED (OR SOUP-CAN LABELS CAN BE FASCINATING) For many writers, getting started is the hardest part. You may have noticed that when it is time to begin a writing assignment, you suddenly develop an enormous desire to straighten your books, water your plants, or sharpen your pencils for the fifth time. If this situation sounds familiar, you may find it reassuring to know that many professionals undergo these same strange compulsions before they begin writing. Jean Kerr, author of Please Don’t Eat the Daisies, admits that she often finds herself in the kitchen reading soup-can labels—or anything—in order to prolong the moments before taking pen in hand. John C. Calhoun, vice president under Andrew Jackson, insisted he had to plow his fields before he could write, and Joseph Conrad, author of Lord Jim and other novels, is said to have cried on occasion from the sheer dread of sitting down to compose his stories. To spare you as much hand-wringing as possible, this chapter presents some practical suggestions on how to begin writing your short essay. Although all writers must find the methods that work best for them, you may find some of the following ideas helpful. But no matter how you actually begin putting words on paper, it is absolutely essential to maintain two basic ideas concerning your writing task. Before you write a single sentence, you should always remind yourself that 1. You have some valuable ideas to tell your reader,...
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