...unified our diverse nation because in that moment everyone was fore-mostly proudly South African. National sporting events remind the citizens of a country of their common link (to their country) and this feeling of being connected by something bigger than any individual, unifies a nation. 2.1 Image 2: The 1994 Rugby World Cup held in South Africa – when the Springboks won the finals and Nelson Mandela was there to...
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...Living with prejudice - xenophobia and race CINDY WARNER and GILLIAN FINCHILESCU report on a study conducted with a group of refugees in Cape Town through which they explore the ways in which refugees experience xenophobia, and how they explain it The contemporary anxiety about the perceived flood of illegal immigrants is well documented. A 1997 survey conducted by the Southern African Migration Project found that South Africans showed the highest level of opposition to immigration in any country where comparable questions have been asked (Mattes, 1999). The hostility towards foreigners living in South Africa has translated into extreme acts of xenophobic violence. In 2000 and 2001, Amnesty International’s annual online reports on South Africa singled out attacks and ill treatment of asylumseekers and suspected illegal immigrants as a major source of concern. The 2001 report also recounts reports of abuses of undocumented migrants and asylum-seekers. These included unlawfully prolonged detentions, poor conditions and beatings of detainees by guards at Lindela Repatriation Centre, assaults by police officers involved in the arrest of suspected illegal immigrants, and arbitrary and verbally abusive conduct towards asylum-seekers by Department of Home Affairs officials (Amnesty International, 2001). Xenophobia is defined by the Merriam Webster Dictionary as ‘fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners or of what is strange or foreign’ (Mish, 1997). The literal meaning of the word suggests...
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...management of companies has the responsibilities beyond normal duties to ensure a high return for stockholders. Investments should always carry high criteria before making the investment because people’s livelihood depends on it. In this case, stockholders Texaco and SoCal invested in an oil company named Caltrex to give them a high return of its investment although the trust was severed by racism and government greed lend to an end result of sense of unjust ethics such as care and virtue. Caltrex was an American oil company that operated several oil refineries in South Africa during a time of hatred and racism. Texaco and Standard Oil were jointly owned with Caltrex. It was under the Apartheid legislation which deprived the entire black population by giving them no rights at all. This included segregation of blacks and whites, blacks could not vote and were not allowed to socialize with white people. South Africa depended on oil for most of their energy needs and this was a crucial resource for them. The African law that was in place at that time established a percentage of the income be set aside for the government. This raised great concern with shareholders as they felt they were funding a nation for whites only. Corporate taxes ensured that Caltrex revenues would go to the government annually.(Velasquez, 2006) The management of Caltrex felt as though could not stop the selling of oil and giving it to the government nor should they have to leave because the stockholders...
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... South Africa South Africa, a country on the southern tip of Africa, has an area of 471,442sq mi and a population of 44,188,000. It is predominately a black ethnicity with 76% of the population. Although South Africa is Africa's most developed country, most of the black people - rural and urban - are poor, with low standards of living. South Africa has vital natural resources such as diamonds and gold and is rich in other resources such as coal, chromite, copper, iron ore, manga- nese, platinum, phosphate rock, silver, uranium and vanadium (South Africa, 2008). It is obvious that South Africa can sustain their economy through these resources. Through the centuries South Africa has faced difficult time since the Dutch came in 1600’s, in 1700 they started importing slaves establishing the dominance of white over non- whites in the region. The non-whites faced discrimination for years under apartheid and political corruption ran by the whites. Today things look better for the people of South Africa, but they still have many obstacles to overcome. Although South Africa has overcome many travesties throughout the years, their reasonably new democracy faces more with complex political parties, recent struggles with homelessness, and what is being done about this situation. Firstly, apartheid is an “Afrikaans word literally meaning apartness,” refers to the policy of racial segregation and its concomitant economic and political discrimination that was adopted by the South African...
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...Protest music is a topic which I feel is extremely relevant to me as a young South African who didn’t experience the Apartheid regime. Protest music is one of the main contributors to the ending of apartheid. Resistance music is a topic I have largely researched and can now say that I have an understanding of what its impact was on the apartheid period. The apartheid era had non-white communities isolated and sidelined which lead to the outburst of protest music which evoked emotions such as anger and frustration in many black communities hence my argument argues that protest music truly did have an effect of the apartheid era. Protest music was what brought awareness to people who didn’t have understanding of what was happening in the apartheid...
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...understand that I will not tolerate plagiarism and that I may not be awarded a mark for any assignment in which plagiarism is evident or is detected. Signed: 29 April 2015 We live in a place where we see lots of different background and cultures that shape the way we think as individuals and do art and design as individuals as well. I think that the African voice can help the people of Africa see what it means to be African even though we have those different backgrounds and cultures. The real challenge is finding out what the African voice is and what it means to Africans throughout and as an artist and designer to tackle these challenges with art and design in a way that makes sense to me and the other around. Africa is a place that is normally generalized from the other places around the world as being poor, corrupt and full of poverty. Even though some of that is true due to the obvious problems in Africa the African voice can change this generalization of thinking with art and design that is diverse much like Africa. Africa is a place with a huge amount of diversity and I think that diversity is the key to understanding and finding out what the African voice is and what the African voice can do for the better of this great continent and the people who have something to say about it through art and design. Diversity, it means understanding that...
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...organized in New Zealand in 1969 to protest rugby tours to and from South Africa. Their first protest, in 1970, was intended to prevent the All Blacks, New Zealand’s flagship rugby squad, from playing in South Africa, unless the Apartheid regime would accept a mixed-race team. South Africa relented, and an integrated All Black team toured the country. Two years later, the Springboks arranged a tour of New Zealand. HART held intensive planning meetings, and, after laying out their nonviolent protest strategies to the New Zealand security director, he was forced to recommend to the government that the Springboks not be allowed in the country. Prime Minister Kirk, though he had promised not to interfere with the tour during his election campaign, cancelled the Springbok’s visit, citing what he predicted would be the “greatest eruption of violence this country has ever known.” HART remained active in the anti-apartheid community, continuing to protest the Springboks, and helping to organize a boycott of the 1976 Montreal Olympics. The International Olympic Committee had not banned New Zealand after the All Blacks had toured South Africa, and many African countries saw this failure as a tacit endorsement of Apartheid. In 1980, New Zealand again attempted to bring the Springboks to New Zealand. The Springboks arrived on July 19, 1981. Though they were officially welcomed by the New Zealand government, there was a sense of dread and anticipation that surrounded their arrival – perhaps...
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...ABSTRACT Shards of Memories, Fragments of Sorrows: Mothertongue Transforming Spaces Occupied by Women in South Africa through Theatre This paper sets out to explore how processes of theatre making employed by The Mothertongue project, provide spaces for women to remap their personal narratives. Mothertongue works from the premise that the development and subsequent performance of stories in theatrical processes affords women the opportunity to re-write and remap their personal narratives and in so doing insert their voices into the landscape of South African Theatre. In an attempt to redress the gender imbalances and androcentricism prevalent in post-apartheid theatre, this paper speaks to the relationship between theatre, liminality and communitas. I am interested in unpacking how collaborative processes of theatre-making provide spaces for women to remap their personal narratives. Remapping in this instance refers to processes of transforming lived experience through story. I address how, through engaging in ritual activities that are central to the stories performed, actors, audiences and the owners of the source stories are invited to physically participate in remapping and transforming lived experience. Linked to this is the choice of form(s) and how this affects or impacts on the performed stories as well as on the construction of performed rituals and ultimately on the processes of remapping personal narratives. I focus specifically on Mothertongue’s 2004...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS Regional Conflicts in Africa • Introduction……………………………………………………………………….2 • Regional Conflict…………………………………………………………………...2 • Angola: • Angolan War for independence…….…………………………………………...3 • Angolan Civil War………………………………………………………………...5 • Sudan: • Darfur Conflict…………………………………………………………………....5 • Burundi: • Burundian Conflict………………………………………………………………7 • Nigeria: • Nigerian civil war………………………………………………………………..9 • Rwanda: • Civil War of Rwanda……………………………………………………………..11 • Liberia: • Sierra Leon vs. Liberia………………………………………………………….12 • Democratic Republic of Congo…………………………………………………….13 • South Africa……………………………………………………………………….14 REGIONAL CONFLICTS IN AFRICA Since gaining independence many West African nations have undergone political instability. There have been many wars in Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Cote d’Ivoire. Since the end of colonialism, West African states have often been affected by instability, corruption, violence, and authoritarianism. The region has seen the most brutal and serious conflicts that have ever taken place, such as the Angolan Civil War, First Liberian Civil War, Second Liberian Civil War, Guinea-Bissau Civil War, Ivorian Civil War, and the Sierra Leone Civil War. In this paper we’ll try to analyze the causes, costs and impacts of these regional conflicts and war, while giving a brief history of it. REGIONAL CONFLICT: According to Rightspeak Glossary, “Regional conflict is a war requiring...
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...Northern Africa. Wide open deserts. Scattered mud brick houses that are seemingly held together by nothing. Thousands of starving Sudanese people walking across the hot sand, looking for any source of food or water. Militia men, with jackets labeling them as the Janjaweed, or feared horsemen, walk around the houses, beating people, shouting abuse, and threats. Woman raped, others looking on without taking action. The president Omar al-Bashir’s face on posters floating around in the light wind, words describing him and his “glorious empire”. Women and children fleeing from their homes as militia knock them down. Some fight back with guns and weapons, but are soon put down by the assault rifles of the SAF or Sudanese Armed Forces. The Janjaweed help in the massacre, slaughtering hundreds like pigs. Bodies strewn about, lying in ditches as their family cries over them. Hundreds of men covered in soot and soil, coughing and sputtering, climbing out of oil holes and caves for little to no pay. This is Sudan (About Sudan). Over the years Sudan has steadily gone down the drain. Lead by the twice indicted president Omar al-Bashir, it has been plagued by genocide and war. Around 1955 the people of Sudan became fed up with the government and demanded...
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...Things We Took Away Orleanna simply says it best: “We can only speak of the things we carried with us, and the things we took away”(10). The five Price women enter the Congo with certain things: a stainless-steel thimble, materialistic tendencies, Betty Crocker cake mixes, white privilege, ivory hand mirrors, and stereotypical American ignorance, to name a few. However, the things they leave with are significantly different. They took away a sense of enlightenment, worldly balance, guilt, and shame from Africa, and, most importantly, the loss of Ruth May. Throughout The Posionwood Bible, the Congo molded the Price women, it shaped their souls. Orleanna, Rachel, Leah, Adah, and Ruth May were all affected by their time in the Congo, varying greatly in their final philosophical perceptions— they lie on a spectrum of apathy to deliberating guilt, with cynicism, realism, and balance speckled throughout the...
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...MANAGEMENT ADVANCEMENT PROGRAMME 120 LABOUR RELATIONS INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT Facilitator : Mrs Vanessa Botha Student Name : Carine Sanama Student Number: 1311024 Date : Monday 29 June 2015 Words Count: 1189 Table of Contents i. Executive Summary ii. Introduction and Background iii. Literature Review a. Definition of Terms b. The Evolution of the South African Labour Relations : Pre and Post-Apartheid c. The right to strike in South Africa : Legal VS Illegal iv. Discussions v. Conclusion vi. References Appendix 1 I. Executive Summary The rising number of labor strikes in South Africa should be a wake-up call the government. They should take the following into consideration so the improve on the country socio-economic state: First, look at labor markets with a renewed interest to revise laws governing the role and powers accorded to collective bargaining unions with a view to streamline them. Second, revise minimum wages, wage increases and dispute resolution policies in line with the latest economic developments in the country and international standards to ensure fairness and equity. Third, ensure that negotiations involving unions that represent essential emergency professionals do not break down and go to strike since people’s lives could be at stake. Finally, deliberately incorporate wage increase policies in the national budgeting process. These reforms would go a long way in minimizing the growing number of strikes...
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...The Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s shows a strong parallel to the years of Apartheid in South Africa. In both cases, Blacks in the United States and Blacks in South Africa were being discriminated against simply because of the color of their skin. In the last decade of the nineteenth century in the United States, racially discriminatory laws and racial violence aimed at African Americans and other minority groups began to flourish and expand. Elected, appointed, or hired government authorities began to require or permit discrimination. There were a number of acts that were permitted that discriminated against African Americans. Segregation was upheld by the United States Supreme Court in the case of, Plessy v. Ferguson. In 1896, legally mandated by Southern states and nationwide at the local level of government, voter suppression or disfranchisement in the southern states, denial of economic opportunity or resources nationwide, and private acts of violence and mass racial violence aimed at African Americans, were unhindered or encouraged by government authorities. Although racial discrimination was present nationwide, the combination of law, public and private acts of discrimination, marginal economic opportunity, and violence directed toward African Americans in the southern states became known as Jim Crow laws or acts. Peaceful protests against the discrimination of African Americans voting rights were demonstrated in Selma, Alabama in 1965 and led by Martin Luther...
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...ASSIGNMENT :__Migration, Xenophobia and New_ ___Racism in Post-Apartheid in___ _________South Africa________ VAN EN VOORLETTERS SURNAME & INITIALS :__________Murray R_________ STUD NR/ STUD NO :__________ MODULE KODE/ MODULE CODE :__________SOC 120_________ DOSENT/LECTURER :______Ms Vangile Bingma______ INHANDIGINGSDATUM DATE OF SUBMISSION :______16 September 2013_____ Table of Contents Introduction 2 Question 1 2 Question 2 4 Question 3 5 Conclusion 6 Bibliography 7 Plagiarism Declaration 8 Introduction Post-apartheid South Africa was intended to bring together people of all races and ethnicities; however, black South African citizens are discriminating against and showing prejudice towards African migrants. Research has shown that the main causes of xenophobic attitudes are a result of politics of access and the struggle for political and socio-economic resources (Adjai & Lazaridis 2013:192). Question 1 Old racism is discrimination based on race which is a group that is different biologically to one’s own group. New racism is discrimination based on someone else’s national origin or ethnicity (Adjai & Lazaridis 2013:192). Old racism is exclusion based on biological features whereas new racism is exclusion based on cultural and national features. New racism claims to be moving away from prejudice views...
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...Born in 1918, Nelson Mandela was present for the start and the end of Apartheid. Apartheid was a time when the minority group of whites had power over South Africa. After stealing land from the natives, the whites set up the unjust government called Apartheid. During Apartheid people were separated by race and blacks were forced into black homelands. These homelands were extremely poor communities where the blacks had to live. During the day they were forced into labor work for the whites, at night they were forbidden from anywhere except their homeland communities. Two key people who greatly impacted the end of Apartheid were Steven Biko and Nelson Mandela. Both men were activists for ending Apartheid and creating equal rights for both races....
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