...THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF SOCIAL PHOBIA AMONG THE ADOLESCENT IN SELECTED COLLEGE AT TUMKUR WITH A VIEW TO DEVELOP A HEALTH EDUCATION MODULE .” PERFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DESERTATION MR.PRAVIN RAMESH GHOLAP. PSYCHIARIC NURSING ARUNA COLLEGE OF NURSING RING ROAD, TUMKUR 2009-2010 RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, BANGALORE, KARNATAKA. PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECTS FOR DISSERTATION 1.NAME OF THE CANDIDATE: MR. PRAVIN RAMESH GHOLAP. AND ADDRESS ARUNA COLLEGE OF NURSING RING ROAD, MARALUR TUMKUR-572105 2. NAME OF THE INSTITUTION: ARUNA COLLEGE OF NURSING RING ROAD, MARALUR TUMKUR-572105 KARNATAKA 3. COURSE OF STUDY : 1 YEAR M.Sc. NURSING AND SUBJECT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 4. DATE OF ADMISSION : 10.06.2009. TO COURSE 5. TITLE OF THE TOPIC : “A STUDY TO ASSESS THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF SOCIAL PHOBIA AMONG THE ...
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...Anxiety, Mood/Affextive, Dissociative/Somatoform University of Phoenix Online PSY/410 Anxiety, Mood, Dissociative, Somatoform Disorders The DSM-IV-TR offers diagnostic categories and classifications for the use of identifying and diagnosing mental disorders (Hansell & Damour, 2008). In this paper are the sections of anxiety disorders, mood and affective disorders, dissociative disorders, and somatoform disorders. The likely categorizations and signs beneath these groupings will be covered. As well as, one disorder out of all categories—general anxiety disorder, cyclothymic disorder, depersonalization disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder will be analyzed. Anxiety Disorders The primary distinction between fear and anxiety is that fear is directed at a specific stimuli; whereas, anxiety is more a general feeling of apprehension about the future (Hansell & Damour, 2008). The precise disorders that can shoot from too much anxiety are: acute stress disorder, agoraphobia, anxiety disorders due to a medical condition, general anxiety disorder (GAD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorder with and without agoraphobia, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), specific phobia, social phobia, and substance-induced anxiety disorder (Hansell & Damour, 2008). Panic and anxiety are regular reactions but when these feelings are sensed in the nonexistence of a underlying agent psychological dysfunction can be the ended outcome, for instance...
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...(14th ed.) the definition of Social Phobia is “the fear of situations in which a person might be exposed to the scrutiny of others and fear of acting in a humiliating or embarrassing way”. Social Phobia is one of the most common individual DSM-IV Disorders (Butcher). Although social phobia does not usually manifest itself until the teenage years or early adulthood, it can be brought on by many different factors in early childhood, like being bullied or based on genetic or learned behaviors from parents. They are also some different variation of social phobia; there is generalized social phobia, social phobia with agoraphobia, social phobia with or without panic attacks and also Japanese disorders similar to it called Taijin kyofusho. All these variations of social phobia come with different effects on people and caused by different factors. Social Phobia causes people to worry that other people are looking at you and noticing what you are doing, dislike being introduced to other people, find it hard to go into shops or restaurants, worry about eating or drinking in public, feel embarrassed about undressing in public, so you can't face going to the beach, can't be assertive with other people, even when you know you need to. Although these traits can simply just characterizes shyness in people. There are different degrees and other factors that make it more than shyness, social phobia can occur in different degrees and when combined with other disorders like depression, it can be...
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...Diagnostic Testing 1. Beck Anxiety Inventory 3 Description: 4 Rationale: 4 Personnel, Training, Administration, and Scoring Requirements: 5 Population Used to Develop Measure 5 What Are The Symptoms Of An Anxiety Attack? 5 The Beck Anxiety Inventory of the 21 most common symptoms: 5 Scoring: 6 Interpretation of score 6 Psychometric Properties: 7 Reliability: 7 Validity 7 Advantages: 8 Disadvantages: 9 Suggested Uses: 9 Beck Anxiety Inventory used in Pakistani Settings 10 2. Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS) 11 Rating: 11 Purpose 11 Use in the field 12 Scale 12 Scoring 12 Criteria for interpretation 12 Versions 12 Psychometric Properties 13 Applied in different researches 14 3. Hamilton Depression Scale 15 Description/Purpose 15 Use in the field 15 Scale 16 Criteria for interpretation 16 Psychometric properties 16 Applied in different researches 18 Correlations among Depression Rating Scales and A Self-Rating Anxiety Scale In Depressive Outpatients 18 Limitations 19 4. Adaptive Behavior Assessment System Second Edition 19 Rationale: 20 What’s New in ABAS–II 20 ABAS–II Rating Forms 21 Scores Reported 22 Sample Items: 22 Psychometric Properties: 23 Standardization 23 Validity 25 Advantages of Using ABAS–II 25 Adaptive behaviour assessment system in Pakistan: 26 5. Symptom Assessment-45 26 Purpose: 26 Description: 26 SA-45 Scales: 27 Psychometric properties: 28 Reliability and Validity:...
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...Social Psychology * How people influence one another * We have a bio need for social interaction * Social isolation activates areas of cingulate cortex (also associated w/ physical pain) * We seek to conform to a group (evolutionarily) Social Facilitation: The presence of others enhances our performance 1897 – 1st social psych experiment – bicyclist’s bike faster when racing others rather than the clock Social Disruption: Presence of others worsens performance (usually when task is difficult Attribution Assigning a cause to someone’s behavior (Why you are acting the way you are) Internal Attribution Saying that the cause of a behavior is because of an internal personality (This person acts this way because that’s the way she is) External Attribution Attribute cause of behavior to something external (The person is acting this way because of an external reason- life problems) Fundamental Attribution Error Lee Ross (1977) Tendency to overuse the internal attribution for other behavior, but underused it for yourself (for ourselves, we use the external attribution) Social Comparison theory Leon Festinger (1954) We evaluate our own beliefs, reactions, behaviors by comparing them to others. Can lead to mass hysteria When entire group behaves irrationally Most likely when situation is ambiguous “Collective delusions” entire group is convinced of something false Conformity Tendency to conform behavior as a result of...
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...DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 29:320–327 (2012) Klein Award Winner CHILDHOOD SEPARATION ANXIETY DISORDER AND ADULT ONSET PANIC ATTACKS SHARE A COMMON GENETIC DIATHESIS Roxann Roberson-Nay, Ph.D.,1 ∗ Lindon J. Eaves, Ph.D.,1,2 John M. Hettema, M.D.,1 Kenneth S. Kendler, M.D.,1,2 and Judy L. Silberg, Ph.D.1,2 Background: Childhood separation anxiety disorder (SAD) is hypothesized to share etiologic roots with panic disorder. The aim of this study was to estimate the genetic and environmental sources of covariance between childhood SAD and adult onset panic attacks (AOPA), with the primary goal to determine whether these two phenotypes share a common genetic diathesis. Methods: Participants included parents and their monozygotic or dizygotic twins (n = 1,437 twin pairs) participating in the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development and those twins who later completed the Young Adult Follow-Up (YAFU). The Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment was completed at three waves during childhood/adolescence followed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IIIR at the YAFU. Two separate, bivariate Cholesky models were fit to childhood diagnoses of SAD and overanxious disorder (OAD), respectively, and their relation with AOPA; a trivariate Cholesky model also examined the collective influence of childhood SAD and OAD on AOPA. Results: In the best-fitting bivariate model, the covariation between SAD and AOPA was accounted for by genetic and unique environmental...
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...INTELLECTUAL ABILITY IN CHILDREN WITH ANXIETY: A REPLICATION AND EXPLORATION OF THE DIFFERENCES A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts In The Department of Psychology by Melissa Munson B.S., University of Florida, 2004 May 2009 i Table of Contents List of Tables……………………………………………………………….. iii Abstract……………………………………………………………………... iv Introduction………………………………………………………………… Anxiety……………………………………………………………... Etiology…………………………………………………………….. Consequences of Anxiety…………………………………………... Theories…………………………………………………………….. Anxiety and Intelligence……………………………………………. Working Memory………………………………………………....... Memory Deficits and Psychopathology…………………………….. Integration and Purpose for the Study……………….……………… Hypotheses…………………………………………………………... Method……………………………………………………………………… Participants………………………………………………………….. Measures…………………………………………………………….. Procedure……………………………………………………………. Data Analysis………………………………………………………... 1 1 3 3 5 6 9 11 13 14 15 15 15 18 20 Results.…………………………………………………………………….... 22 Discussion……………………………………………………………………. 26 References…………………………………………………………………… 30 Appendix A: Demographic Questionnaire…………………………………...41 Appendix B: Recruitment Flyer………………………………………………43 Appendix C: Tear-off Recruitment Flyer…………………………………….44 Appendix D: Phone Screen………………………………………………......45 Vita…………………………………………………………………………… 46 ii ...
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...General Anxiety Disorders and Treatments Thereof Blake C Blanchard Southwestern Oklahoma State University Abstract One of the most common disorders in our society today is generalized anxiety disorder. I am going to dive in to the methods of treatment and thoroughly discuss the various ways this disorder is handled. I experience anxiety when it comes to being in large bodies of water and also when I see spiders. Treatment options for anxiety disorders range from herbal remedies to prescribed medication. There are so many treatment options that I had no idea were even a possibility. The treatments I am going to talk about and describe in depth are ones that I researched and were shown to have the highest success rate. This could be great news for people with general anxiety disorders. To people without this disorder, it may seem like this should be no big deal and that people should be able to get over this with no problems. However, to people with the actual disorder, it could be life altering and even make their lives impossible to go about. I have never researched treatments for this disorder, even though I have what I think would be a mild case of anxiety. I am very interested to research and discuss these treatment options in order to discover more about myself and more about what helps other people get over their fears. The definition of a generalized anxiety disorder is excessive worrying with no specific cause. The worrying about such thing becomes uncontrollable...
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...The Need of Personalized Medicine for Social Anxiety Disorders Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a distressing psychiatric disorder that is defined as having excessive, abnormal amounts of apprehension during social settings. SAD is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, having a lifetime prevalence of 12%, yet only a small portion respond favorably to the most common treatment options including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and cognitive behavioral therapy. Stronger treatment options with higher efficacy such as benzodiazepines tend to be habit forming and have adverse side effects that are not tolerated well by many people. Considering that first-line treatment options for SAD have low response rates, coupled with the fact that there are many classes of treatment options, creates a strong demand to develop techniques that increases the likelihood of finding the optimal treatment option for each unique patient. Recent studies by Stein et al have found that four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the RGS2 gene significantly predicts SAD remission rates of patients taking the SSRI sertraline. A randomized controlled trial was performed on 346 adults that have SAD, with the treatment group receiving sertraline, titrated up to 200 mg/d over 10 weeks, and the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale being used to assess remission of SAD symptoms. Adjusted regression models found significant correlations between four SNPs in the RGS2 gene and the efficacy of...
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...Client Perceptions of Therapy Component Helpfulness in Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Anxiety Disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate the helpfulness of group cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with anxiety disorders. The treatment required participants to be highly motivated and willing to endure unpleasant emotional states. The treatment encouraged participants to challenge long standing maladaptive beliefs. The researchers used archival data of 48 participants who completed clinical trials at University training clinic. They recruited participants by advertising in local newspapers and by obtaining referrals from mental health professionals. Participants were required to be at least 18 years old and were varied in relation to sex, race and marital status. After an interview, participants were involved in a feedback session. There were a total of twelve weekly therapy sessions. They used several different approaches to measure their findings. One was the ADIS-IV Diagnostic interview. There was also a therapy helpfulness questionnaire and a treatment credibility scale. They concluded that individuals with social phobia seems to benefit the most from CBT. CONTRIBUTION OF ART THERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF AGORAPHOBIA WITH PANIC DISORDER. The objective was to examine how art therapy could assist in psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with anxiety disorders. There were seven participants between the ages of eighteen and fifty-five. Before starting...
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...Effects Parents Have On Their Anxious Children D’Aundrea Williams Word Count: 1732 Effects Parents Have On Their Anxious Children Regardless of who you are, no individual is perfect. Just as a normal child you suffer from enough through experiences of your environment and the people you interact with. Now imagine living life with an anxiety disorder and your everyday hardships. Disorders make life much harder, and finding ways to cope are even harder. Scientists have done studies to show that not only does the child’s school environment affect their level of anxiety but so does the parent to child relationship. Is it up to the child figuring their own mechanisms or should their parents be more involved? Introduction A group of scientists wanted to focus on the parent’s latency control and reinforcement of a child’s anxious behavior. Research has shown that parents encourage avoidance in anxious situations and that parents and children together shapes ways to reinforce a child’s anxiety. (Aschenbrand, S. G., & Kendall, P. C. 2012). Gathered information from other studies has shown that when parents express their fears and show anxious behavior, children will also express those same emotions. Parents dealing with anxious children are more likely to expect their children to be avoidant, to have poor coping abilities, and less likely to succeed (Aschenbrand, S. G., & Kendall, P. C. 2012). Although this is...
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...Anxiety Scores of Informal Caregivers Theresa A. Patterson Mount Aloysius College Abstract Informal caregivers, or family members who provide care to their physically or cognitively impaired relatives, are leading providers of services to elderly individuals. However, caregivers frequently experience symptoms of depression, stress and anxiety. Also, caregivers may suffer from physical or psychological distress as a result of these symptoms. The author examined the effects of depression, stress and anxiety and suggested an assessment instrument to gauge levels of anxiety. In addition, strengths and limitations of this approach were delineated. The author hypothesized that caregivers would exhibit higher anxiety scores than non-caregivers. This hypothesis was tested by comparing a group of informal caregivers to a group of non-caregivers. Furthermore, recommendations for reduction of stress and anxiety symptoms were made. Anxiety Scores of Informal Caregivers Family members of elderly, impaired individuals in the United States provide the majority of necessary daily care for their relatives (Sheehan & Nuttall, 1988). These caregivers may be described as informal: individuals who provide unpaid care to a friend or family member out of love and respect for the impaired person (George & Gwyther, 1986). Unfortunately, many caregivers reported significant stress, depression and anxiety (Sheehan & Nuttall, 1988). Research demonstrated a correlation...
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...About ten years ago, when I was still a little boy, my aunt Tina was diagnosed with panic disorder. I heard that word very often during my family gatherings, when my family members were talking about my aunt's condition and everyone was worried about her. At that time, I was still too young to understand what was really wrong, or what all those big words meant. But, I often heard the word therapy and medication in reference to my aunt. Everybody looked very worried when her condition was discussed. Now that I am ten years older and taking a psychology course, I often think back and wonder what experience means in the professional world. In the frame of this current writing assignment I want to take the time out to find out what actually happened to my aunt and what she really experienced at this time. In order to fulfil this assignment, I will present findings from literature on panic disorder, and some of the experiences that my aunt shared with me in a recent conversation, in order to make make comparisons between literature and the actual experience that my aunt had. In Summery, it appears that panic disorder is characterized by an experience of unable terror that can impair peoples life on many levels and can also cause additional problems such as other anxiety problems and even depression. During the conversations with my aunt, I asked her how she experienced her condition. She said "It started out as one panic attack and then it increased.". When I asked her how...
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...precise for diagnosing personality disorders as some psychologists would like. Give an example of each of the following problems identified in your readings and explain how these problems could negatively affect a diagnosis. 1. Some criteria used for reaching a diagnosis cannot be observed directly. Subjective patient analysis has to take place in most cases so that the clinician’s cangain information about the patient’s symptoms that may not be immediately observable in the clinical setting. If this external subjective information is not gathered by the clinician a misdiagnosis may be made. Subjective data may include information about the patient’s personality, behaviors or a patient’s reactions to certain situations, symptoms that only appear in a specific environment and information that cannot be garnered directly from the patient due their inability or reluctance to speak with the clinician directly. An example would be a patient who presents with avoidant personality disorder fears might be diagnosed as having social phobia when they actually are experiencing a different disorder. Misdiagnosis may have serious consequences if appropriate treatment, therapies or medications are used. 2. Personality disorders can be similar to each other. There are several symptoms that overlap between different disorders in DSM cluster listings. The clinician’s personal observations may lead to misdiagnosis between one of these two disorders if the clinician relies only on...
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...Construct Development and Scale Creation of Anxiety Alisa Lichtenstein PSYCH 525 June 8th, 2013 Dr. Robert Duncan Construct Development and Scale Creation of Anxiety Many types of anxiety disorders exist in individual’s and today’s society. The overwhelming burden of work, school, children, responsibilities, and other commitments often contribute to a general diagnosis of anxiety by a medical professional. People may be identified as having panic disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, post traumatic stress disorder, phobias, social anxiety disorder or generalized anxiety disorder. The scale created for this assignment measures the general anxiety level in both males and females, with a determining factor of whether or not they have children. The measure of construct examines whether or not there is a correlation between being a parent and displaying symptoms of anxiety. This construct development will introduce the scaling method selected, the type of instrument used to measure the construct of anxiety, the participants involved, the reliability measures, and the established validity as well. Items selected for this scale creation will be further discussed, in reference to their significance and relevance of the overall findings. There are different ways to define anxiety and the context may pertain to a specific situation or factor. Anxious apprehension and fear are emotional responses to threat or danger that provoke someone to relieve the...
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