...WWII Submarine Warfare Germany’s surrender and agreement not to retain any submarines due to the Armstice terms in 1918 and the Treaty of Versailles was short-lived. Britain was not ready for Hitler’s initiation 20 years later. After building up his submarine stock since 1935, his initiative to intercept merchant ships in the Atlantic commenced in 1939. The directive was to sink more supply line ships than the Allies could replace to force a surrender through starvation and lack of supplies. This initiative created what was known as the Battle of the Atlantic. Known as the longest continuous campaign of World War II, the Battle of the Atlantic mostly involved the Allies protecting the shipping routes across the Atlantic which were constantly being intercepted by German U-boats. The Nazi’s submarines, referred to by most as U-boats, were more like submersible ships than submarines at the time. They ran on diesel engines for their surface time and battery for their submersed. They dove beneath the water only when they were attacked or for torpedo strikes during the day. More often attacks were made on the surface at night. This was extremely effective in the early years of the war as they were virtually untraceable due to the lack of sonar technologies at the time. This time was known to Germans as “die gluckliche Zeit” or “the happy time”. Many classes of U-boats were made, but the most prominent of them were Type VII, the workhorse (700 active), Type IX, larger with operations...
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...The Virginia Class Submarine is the newest and the most technologically advanced fast-attack submarine, not only in the United States, but also the world. The Virginia Class is the youngest SSN submarine in the United States Navy, with the first SSN-774 Class being built in the early 2000’s and being commissioned in October 2004 (Naval Technology). The Virginia Class Submarine was designed to replace the costly Seawolf Class Submarine, which only three SSN-22 were commissioned (The US Navy). Although the Seawolf is thought to be better than the Virginia Class (The US Navy), the Virginia class is the best solution to the Navy’s needs at the lowest cost. Every vessel that the United States has ever created all have a common purpose, to complete...
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...the United States Navy is the Submarine. The history of the submarine can be taken back all the way to the Revolutionary war where submarines were used to plant explosives on British ships. Then During the Civil War Submarines were very dangerous but used to liberate southern ports. Fast forward to the Great Wars Submarines revealed their true power in attacking surface ships. Today Submarines can strike land, air, surface ships, and other deep diving submarines making them the most versatile vessel in the United States Navy. They now also have the capabilities to gather intel from safe distances in the middle of the ocean. The Seawolf Class is arguably the most valuable and multipurpose Class of submarines ever created. It was original intent was to combat the cat and mouse submarine chase that was taking place with the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Unfortunately, when the first was commissioned in 1997 the Cold War was long over. These multibillion dollar submarines are no longer being made due to the hefty manufacturing price. However, there are still three Seawolf submarines that are commissioned in the fleet. One of them being the Jimmy Carter which is known to be the predecessor to the Seawolf Submarine Class in the Los Angeles Class. According to military.com the...
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...A Submarine Voyage During the American Revolution Community College HRY 101: Modern Western Civilization II April 7th, 2014 A Submarine Voyage During the American Revolution It is usually not too difficult for most Americans to rattle off the names of heroes associated with the American Revolution. George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin, or Paul Revere would likely be at the top of most lists. But, what of the heroes of the American Revolution that are rarely talked about? What of heroes such as the Bushnell Brothers and Sgt. Ezra Lee, for example, who scared the British Navy with an early creation of a military submarine? That's right. A submarine existed during the American Revolution. Certainly, most would admit very little knowledge of these unknown heroes, let alone a submarine, when referencing the American Revolution. There were so many important figures and major events that happened throughout the war, that it would be difficult for anyone, with the exception of some historians, to review and remember every detail. Yet, reviewing the lesser known details of the American Revolution will also reveal just as important figures and events that helped frame the outcome of American history. David and Ezra Bushnell, along with Sgt. Ezra Lee, might be unfamiliar to most Americans, but their ingenuity and courage is certainly worthy of recognition for giving the American Colonies an advantage over the British Naval Fleet...
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...The Collins Class Submarine Story: Steel, Spies and Spin is the joint production of Peter Yule and Derek Woolner, and is a project commissioned by Cambridge University Press with support from the Department of Defence. It cites its aim as ‘simply to tell the story of the submarine project from its origins to about 2005.’ The book itself is based upon a combination of unclassified, open source and specially declassified material and, perhaps most importantly, more than 130 interviews with many of the protagonists. In many ways the book achieves what it sets out to do. The authors have, despite the introduction indicating a certain hauteur in relation to military and defence issues, presented an honest, generally dispassionate and reasonably comprehensive narrative. They have let the various actors speak for themselves and, so far as the third-person narrative permits, with their own voices. They convey very well the tale of an extraordinarily ambitious project that achieved much, but which was dogged by complex problems, conflicting interests and increasing controversy as the years went on. They give credit where it is due and are careful about ascribing blame to individuals. This is as it should be, since some of the decisions which may appear most egregious in retrospect generally had more than reasonable justification at the time. Nevertheless, there are some significant faults. The text is somewhat dense and the technical explanations not always completely clear (particularly...
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...US Navy Submarines Today I want to tell you about US Navy submarines. My first question when thinking about submarines was, “why are they painted black”? The answer is they are painted black to help them hide while they are doing their jobs. Black has been proven to be the best color for hiding in the ocean. I found it interesting that submarines can go faster than 25 knots under water, which is about 29 miles per hour. The actual depth they can go to is classified, but they can go to depths greater than 800 feet. Submarines are not equipped with windows to let the crew see outside under water. Next I started wondering about how big a submarine was. There are two classes of submarines that are each 33 feet wide. The Fast Attack Submarines (which are the ones my dad served on) are 362 feet long, which is a little bit longer than a football field. The other class, Ballistic Missile Submarines are 560 feet long. This is almost as long as 2 football fields, or a few feet longer than the Washington Monument. They both carry torpedoes, cruise missiles, and mines. Ballistic Missile Submarines also carry long range ballistic missiles. Considering the size of these vessels, and all the ammunition they carry, you can imagine that the crew must not be very large. Generally, the crew consists of 14 Officers, 18 Chief Petty Officers, and 109 enlisted men. Their living quarters are called “berthing areas” and are less than 15 square feet of space per man for sleeping and personal...
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...The Global Submarine Market 2015-2025 report provides readers with a detailed analysis of both historic and forecast global industry values, factors influencing demand, the challenges faced by industry participants, analysis of industry leading companies, and key news. Key Findings – The global Submarine market is expected to be worth US$22.9 billion in 2015, and is expected increase to US$36.6 billion by 2025, representing a CAGR of 4.78% during the forecast period. – The market is anticipated to be dominated by North America, followed by Asia- Pacific and Europe. The US is the largest spender, with a cumulative expenditure of US$112.2 billion over the next decade. – In terms of segments, SSN is expected to account for 39% of the global submarine market, followed by SSKs and SSBNs, occupying shares of 36% and 25% respectively. Synopsis This report offers detailed analysis of the global submarine market with market size forecasts covering the next ten years. This report will also analyze factors that influence demand for the global submarine market, key market trends, and challenges faced by industry participants. In particular, it provides an in-depth analysis of the following: – Global submarine market size and drivers: detailed analysis of the global submarine market during 2015-2025, including highlights of the demand drivers and growth stimulators for submarines. It also provides a snapshot of the spending and modernization patterns of different regions around...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Royal Australian Navy’s Collins Class Submarine is designed to replace the 30 year old Oberon Submarines. The Collins Class is the first submarine to be made in Australia and is the most advanced of its time due to its software architecture. Deep Trouble addresses various issues that were faced during the design and development stages of the Collins Class project. This report will focus on the interrelationship between the three PMBOK knowledge areas of scope, procurement and quality management and the impact each had on the final project. The Collins Class submarine was prone to excessive noise signatures whilst travelling at speed and lacked the operational capability to enter conflict situations due to the an insufficient combat system. The selection process for the design of the Collins Class and the fundamental capabilities the navy required directly impacted the quality of the final product due to the scope of the design not being fully understood by the manufacturing companies. The Collins Class project was an opportunity for Australia to become a ‘technological powerhouse’ by having the Collins Class submarines built within Australia. This report addressed how certain issues discussed within Deep Trouble impacted the knowledge areas of scope, procurement and quality management within this complex project and how the interrelationship between them contributed to a submarine that has adversely weakened our national defences. ...
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...• The Crimson Tide begins with the crisis that World War 3 could soon be started. A Russian leader Radchenko, has gained control of a missile base and threatens to start bombing the United States of America. The USS Alabama is armed with nuclear missiles and sets out to stop this attack. As the submarine travels toward Russia many ethical dilemmas unfold. The overall dilemma of the Crimson Tide is that the Alabama receives an Emergency Action Message, ordering the launch of its missiles. Intel from satellites show that the Russian missiles are being fueled for deployment. The boat begins the process to launch ten missiles. During this time a second radio message begins to be received, but is cut off by the attack of a Russian...
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...Crimson Tide: A Study in Organizational Behavior Ziyao Yang 23 Feb. 2015 The Alabama of submarine is a closed system of organization system in the movie "Crimson Tide." This organization has a specific goal - to complete the military mission nuclear attack. The submarine has very clear of organizational structure. It has a professional positions setting and the organization internal rules, hierarchy is very specification and organization members have their expertise. This is a typical hierarchical organization and it has advantage of formal, normative, rigorous, and rational. There characteristics is a necessary condition keeping the normal function effectively. The Alabama is an organization. In this Alabama of submarine, clear Level and stringent system are reflected in submarines of organizational. In this Alabama submarine, all actions are made order to the captain. The main action within the submarine can be attributed to a captain has supreme the power. The Ramsey of captain uses a way to show his power. He is vigorous and resolute to do everything. He insistence his rules, and with respect and norms subordinates stringent education. This organization described Ramsey of captain use an effective control strategy to manage this submarine. For subordinates, the captain takes the extreme pressure means: “Any crew member who feels he can't handle this situation, can leave the ship right now." Also the captain had told the vice captain "Those sailors out there are just...
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...A Little Man with a Big Problem Theme: God's forgiveness. Proper 26 (31) Year C Object: A periscope. (You can make your own.) Scripture: For the Son of Man came to seek and to save what was lost." Luke 19:10 (NIV) Have you ever been to a parade where you couldn’t see over the person in front of you? It isn't much fun to go to a parade if you can't see the marching bands, the floats, or the fire trucks with their flashing lights, is it? When that happens, a periscope may be just what you need. The periscope has two mirrors in it so that you can look in the bottom and see out the top. It allows you to see over tall objects or even around a corner. Periscopes are used in submarines so that the people in the submarine can see what is happening above the water. I have seen people using these at parades and at sports events where they may have difficulty seeing above the crowd. Today’s Bible story is about a man who went to a parade, but couldn't see above the crowd. The main attraction in this parade was Jesus. He had become quite famous because he had performed many miracles. He had raised Lazarus from the dead and had restored sight to a blind man named Bartimaus, so when he entered the city of Jericho, the atmosphere was very much like a circus parade. People lined the streets hoping to get a glimpse of Jesus. One of the people in the crowd was a man who was very short. He was so short that he couldn’t see above all the people in the crowd. You probably know this man's...
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...Whales subjected to military sonar will neither dive nor feed, according to an unpublished 2007 report from the UK military, obtained by Nature after a request under the Freedom of Information Act 2000. The impact of sonar on whales has become an increasingly fraught issue in recent years, with submarine exercises being linked to several high-profile mass strandings. The US Navy has admitted concerns over sonar’s effects on marine mammals, although actual evidence for harm has been in short supply. submarine Submarines' sonar has been implicated in whale strandings.Punchstock But military-sponsored tests now suggest that low levels of sonar, which do not cause direct damage to whales, could still cause harm by triggering behavioural changes. The UK military report details observations of whale activity during Operation Anglo-Saxon 06, a submarine war-games exercise in 2006. Produced for the UK’s Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, it states the results are “potentially very significant”. The study used an array of hydrophones to listen for whale sounds during the war games. Across the course of the exercise, the number of whale recordings dropped from over 200 to less than 50. “Beaked whale species ... appear to cease vocalising and foraging for food in the area around active sonar transmissions,” concludes the report. It notes, “Since these animals feed at depth, this could have the effect of preventing a beaked whale from feeding over the course of the...
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...Jesse Barrett February 1, 2010 HUMN 432 Weapons of the Future: Welcome to the future of technology in the 20th century. As the world progresses to grow, the weapons and technology do to. The question exist that “ What will the future be with weapons?” Will robots be built to have weapons in place of human soldiers? Many questions pop in our minds, thoughts, and opinions about what the future is capable of. In humanity today, we usually hear or see these issues from the radio, television, internet, and so on. Meaning that we can believe whatever the media is saying, but we honestly don’t know what the future holds in store for weapons, just violence. I wanted to talk about robots and the U.S. Department of Defense that will have one-third of its fighting capacity provided by robots. In this issue robots can be good or bad, just depending on the scenario at hand. The good reason is that these robots take place of human beings to save many lives. It saves humanity from risking their own lives in the line of battle, to spend more time with their loved ones. Another reason robots are good for taking out terrorist, and any other dangerous situation without feeling, emotion, or heart. On the opposite side, if robots fail or turn against their creator or humanity, just like the movie “ Terminator”, starring Arnold Schwarzenegger. Robots would also cause chaos if not programmed correctly to follow orders but is just required to kill. By the year 2035, the 1st completely...
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...Peter Holmes, A lieutenant commander in the Royal Australian Navy was to report to Australian navy headquarters to receive his next assignment in the Navy. During the interview Peter is assigned to be a liaison officer aboard the U. S. S. Scorpion, an American nuclear submarine. The U.S.S Scorpion is one of only two useful subs working with the Australian fleet. Both are American nuclear submarines that happened to be south of the Equator when a nuclear war killed all life in the northern hemisphere. These subs are extremely useful because they do not require petroleum, which before the war was imported to Australia. After determining what had happened in the war, the remaining American navy has been commanded to follow orders from the Australian navy, which is now using the two subs to map the aftermath of war zones. They can safely navigate into the area if their supply of uncontaminated air is enough as well as if they stay submerged. The Scorpion is to use its periscope and loudspeaker to determine if there is anyone left alive in its area of exploration, and to also measure radiation levels going north from Melbourne. The U.S.S Scorpion’s mission is to determine if radiation fallout from the cobalt bombs used in the war has killed everyone in the northern...
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...The U.S. Navy has been working to advance its ability to detect enemy submarines for decades. The Navy’s low-frequency sonar system has been a topic of controversy among environmental advocates for years. This system, known as Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System Low Frequency Active (SURTASS LAF) allows the Navy to detect enemy submarines with enough time to react and defend themselves. During the course of developing and testing the SURTASS LFA system, environmental interest groups raised concerns that the system may cause harm to marine mammals. Whales use sound for communication, navigation, orientation, and in locating food. This is known as echolocation. The Navy’s mid-frequency sonar can cause whales to dive deeper into the ocean, or rise quickly. Like humans, whales can get the bends from these types of underwater movements. The loud noises created by the Navy’s sonar system are believed to interrupt their ability to communicate, navigate and look for food. These disruptions are believed to harm the whales physically and cause state of panic which often leads to strandings and collisions (Drumm). Active sonar utilizes sound in order to find objects in the water. A pulse is sent through the water, and then reflects off an object. This is called an echo. The receiver will convert the echoes into electrical signals which are digitally displayed on board the vessel. The high tech computers will be able to extract information such as distance and direction of the object...
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