...With reference to either waste management in urban areas or transport management in urban areas, discuss the extent to which sustainability can be achieved. (40 MARKS) Transport management; PLAN: Speed bumps, traffic lights, round-a-bouts, speed limits, zebras crossings, speed cameras, speed awareness Increase the prevalence of pedestrian areas (MK train station)- achieved by increasing the use of PUBLIC transport, park ‘n ride (Oxford), charge people for using cars= congestion charge in London Introduce bus lanes Boris bikes in London Social, economic and environmental implications of all the strategies of controlling the transport. DISCUSS: reasons for and against come to a conclusion at the end. Sustainability means that any development made meets the needs of the contemporary inhabitants without compromising the needs of future generations. A sustainable city means that the city meets the needs of current and future inhabitants; this is relevant as the focus relates to urban areas. In relation to the management of transport there are many examples of how it can be controlled in order to provide a more sustainable approach to an urban area. The most common strategy of managing transport is by introducing government regulated schemes such as congestion charges and transport schemes e.g. ‘Boris bikes’ which are both in used in London, with bike schemes becoming more popular as a result of the introduction in London in 2010 has inspired the implication of similar...
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...(economic, political, social), the ones that impact on the transport system 3rd- I'll identify the relationships between the scale, systems and complexity 4th- Discuss how this impacts the decision making for sustainability. Given its land constraints, Singapore’s overall transportation strategy cannot rely on building roads and more roads to serve its populace’s travel needs. It needs a comprehensive and affordable public transport system and sustainable demand management tools. Hence, its recently launched Land Transport MasterPlan is based on making public transport a choice mode, while continuing to manage road usage and to meet the diverse needs of its travelers. A key element to meet these objectives is the continued use of road pricing. Road pricing has long been associated with Singapore, starting way back in June 1975. Many changes have been made to the road-pricing scheme since that time. Started as a manual scheme based on paper permits and hence, using little technology, it has evolved to become a sophisticated system today, involving various technologies. The economic principles for road pricing however, continues to be valid but the charging structure had been evolving to keep the scheme effective, and deriving benefits to the community as a whole. References Sun Sheng Han, ( 2010, 'Managing motorization in sustainable transport planning: the Singapore experience', Journal Of Transport Geography, 18, pp. 314-321, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, viewed...
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...Innovative Urban Transport Concepts 1 Co pt C cepts Concepts NICHES is a Coordination Action funded by the European Commission under the Sixth Framework Programme for R&D, Priority 6.2 Sustainable Surface Transport Index Learn from Innovative Experiences with NICHES New Seamless Mobility Services Urban Lift-sharing Services Public Bicycles ..................................................................... 3 4 4 6 8 10 10 12 14 16 16 18 20 22 22 24 26 28 ..................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................................................................... Call-a-bus Services ................................................................................................................................................................................... Innovative Approaches in City Logistics Space Management for Urban Delivery Inner-city Night Delivery ........................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................
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...Sustainable Urban Living - BedZED, London The beddington Zero Energy Development, near croydon in greater London is the largest carbon-neutral eco community in the UK. It was built on reclaimed land and focuses on social and environmental sustainability, while promoting energy conservation. There are around 100 houses and apartments, as well as offices/workplaces there since the opening in 2002, meaning that i's been successfully operating for 14 years. BedZED's homes use 81% less energy for heating, 45% less electricity, and 58% less water than an average british home. They also recycle 60% of their waste which is much larger than the UK average of about 20%. Overall carbon emissions have been reduced by 56% since the opening in 2002. · Using building materials that store heat in warm weather and release it at cooler times · using natural, recycled or reclaimed building materials · The houses have also been built south facing to maximise the solar gain · The buildings are also covered in 300 mm of insulation jackets to reduce heating · Using heat from cooking and everyday activities for space heating · Using low-energy lighting and appliances throughout · Using energy tracking meters in the kitches to always be aware · The homes are provided with roof gardens, rainwater harvesting and wastewater recycling · There is a green transport plan - the community layout promotes walking,cycling and public transport with bus, rail and tram links · The ZEDcars sharing club...
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...among vehicular modal share in the Transport system thirty years from now Phumelela Kubheka, 200675320 This Assignment is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the Bachelor of Technology Degree in Transportation Management In the Department of Transport and Supply Chain Management Faculty of Management At the University of Johannesburg 03 April 2014 Table of contents 1.1 Introduction …………………………………………....3 2. Transport issues …………………………………….….5 2.1 Amount of travel ……………………………………....5 2.2 Purpose of travel ……………………………………...6 2.3 Public Transport accessibility ………………………..7 2.4 Affordability …………………………………………....8 2.5 Accessibility to shopping complexes, and medical facilities …………………………….…...10 3. The Bicycle modal share ………………………………11 4. Conclusion………………………………………………14 5. References………………………………………………15 Introduction It is important to remember that transport should be made accessible and affordable to people of all income groups. Poverty is seen as a relative concept, and the view is taken that we should not be considering one South African poverty problem, but rather strategies for developing the metropolitan, urban and rural poor households. The households have been further grouped into quintiles according to their incomes. In my quest to answer how likely trends are going to change, I will give an analysis of a broad range of transport issues. For example; the overall amount...
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...Green HR: The Ultimate Change Management Tool for Sustainability Green HRM involves the use of HRM policies to promote the sustainable use of resources within business organizations and, more generally, promote the cause of environmentalism. Green initiatives within HRM are increasing as a result of mounting concern over global warming and the adverse effect of much business activity on the natural environment. The kinds of action taken within green HRM initiatives includes:- 1. Educating employees about climate change and other environmental issues 2. Reduce commuting - promoting and incentivizing more sustainable means of travel to work (e.g. car sharing or Ride Sharing or Car Pooling, Bicycle to work, public transport) 3. Auditing employee benefits to eliminate those that are environmentally damaging (e.g. unnecessary provision of a high powered company car). 4. Job Sharing 5. Reducing business travel - Using the internet or teleconferencing to cut down on business travel 6. Recycling 7. Going paperless - Encourage e-mailing 8. Some green HRM initiatives also make use of employee volunteering to support environmental charities and projects and to develop green initiatives at work. 9. Conducting an energy audit 10. Buying green - buying recycled, refurbished, or used products. Many companies currently have the following green programs in place: SoftChoice from Canada. SoftChoice has a public transportation policy. If...
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...2012 International Conference on Traffic and Transportation Engineering (ICTTE 2012) IPCSIT vol. 26 (2012) © (2012) IACSIT Press, Singapore Private Vehicle Ownership and Transportation Planning in Malaysia Noresah Mohd Shariff + School of Distance Education Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang Malaysia Abstract. This paper analyzes current trends in private vehicle ownership in Malaysia. For the past decades private vehicle ownership has increased tremendously in this country which is partly due to the economic growth, rapid urban development, population growth and inadequate public transport availability and services. In 2010, Malaysia has a population of 28.3 million, 17.4 million private vehicle automobiles and 11.7 million registered drivers. Traditionally, income has been hypothesized as a major determinant of private vehicle ownership. However, the spatial arrangement of urban fabric has becoming more important determinant of owning a vehicle. Other determinants such as government policy, auto vehicle financing, household characteristics and travel characteristics are also important. Therefore this paper is analyzing the spatial determinants of private vehicle ownership in Malaysia with a special reference to the Penang Island. Penang Island is located on the northeastern region of Malaysia and is an industrialized and a highly developed island. Penang Island has a population of 575,498 in 2000 and 740,200 in 2010, an increase of 29 percent for the last 10 years...
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...“Do you think that the lifestyle of the inhabitants of your town or city reflects behavior that is in line with the concept of sustainable development? In your opinion, what should be improved?” Emiliano Luzzi, iMBA applicant – April 2013 intake What is sustainable development? Sustainable Development means learning to achieve more with less in order to develop a city or state in a way that is: Efficient: an efficient city or State would use fewer resources and create less waste Clean: an efficient city or State would develop without polluting Green: a green city or State could enhance greenery, waterways and natural heritage This way, we can ensure both economic growth and a good living environment for ourselves and for generations to come 2 And... What is sustainable development in Rome? The word “sustainable” is often over used and it is not without irony that it can be applied to Rome, Italy. Considering modern Rome in line with sustainable development would be paradoxical. Even if Rome does not want to emulate Tokyo or Vancouver, it has centuries of accumulated experiences, materials, traces, and memories to share, so it would be a mistake to start from scratch and replace Rome with a sanitized “green city”. However, to make Rome more “sustainable” Romans should start thinking in “sustainable” ways 3 There’s a lot of work to do in Rome... If “sustainability” means providing the needs of the present without compromising the patrimony...
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...When automobiles industry popularizes a technique of producing vehicles, and falls its cost, nowadays, an increasing number of people can afford to purchase a private car. Consequently, a challenge of excess cars on roads ensues. In virtually all cities, traffic congestion occurs every single day at the peak time. However, it is generally believed that this problem can be managed through governmental policies as well as individual behavior. The following essay will firstly outline three viable solutions, namely developments from taxes and road infrastructure, improvements in public transport services, and a decrease in the use of private automobiles, to solve the impact of traffic jams in most cities. It, furthermore, will discuss the pros and cons of each countermeasure. Finally, the evaluation of every method will be demonstrated. To begin with governmental policies, one possible method of reducing traffic congestion is to raise road pricing and to expand road infrastructure. Castle (1967) notes that charging fees on the main road at the rush hours can cut down a number of automobiles effectively because people do not want to spend extra money. Additionally, according to ideas of road pricing (Castle 1967) and park restrictions (Knoflacher 2006), it is believed that as long as governments impose road or parking fees, the usage of roads at the peak time can be reduced in metropolis, such as Singapore as well as London, and further authorities are able to spend the taxes from...
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... nor any information derived therefrom, may be published without the author’s prior written consent. Moreover, it is supplied on the understanding that it represents and internal University document and that neither the University nor the author are responsible for the factual or interpretative correctness of the dissertation. Abstract The rural area is always gained less concern. It is difficult to develop economic in rural area due to its special location. Transport and accessibility are important factor in the development of society and economy. Some people cannot afford private vehicle and because of poor public transport, they have fewer opportunities to wider areas. UK government has tried to develop rural economy and improve rural accessibility, as well as dealing with social exclusion. Car-sharing is a more and more popular transport mode that appears in recent decades. It may help reduce the car numbers in the road and protect environment. It also may be introduced to rural area to improve transport and accessibility services. To see the impact of car-sharing may have on rural area and on social area, it is necessary to see people’s travel behaviour and whether they are willing to use. A questionnaire survey is taken to analyze people’s opinion. From the...
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...SHORT CASE 3: STREETCAR 1. Do you think it’s possible to use and apply an idea like Streetcar in Pakistan? What would be the problems/challenges to overcome? Well, yes it is possible but it depends on the market they are targeting on. Like in Pakistan most of the people are middle class families who cannot afford to drive a car so for them this scheme does not create any difference for them. Secondly, it would be an expensive deal for Pakistani market because as per petrol prices are rising day by day and as the crime rate are increasing and car snatching is so common that no company would take risk to invest in Pakistani market. 2. How would this idea compete with the traditional car rental industry? Unlike traditional car rental industries, it eliminates the long lines and frustration at the rental-car office, and gives its members the grab-and-go convenience of renting a vehicle 24 hours a day, paying only for only as long as needed, and usually with little advance reservation notice. And with no fuel, insurance or maintenance costs, Street Car has become a great option for drivers with minimal transportation needs, and those with no interest in the price and parking headaches of vehicle ownership. It also provides ease and convenience, which are the greatest advantages of car sharing, behind the obvious financial savings. Unlike a traditional rental-car office, Streetcars clients climb behind the wheel and drive off the parking lot in seconds with no lines...
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...I.D. no.________ College_______ Gender_______ Age_____ 1. What Mode of Transportation do you use going to school? A. Car B. Train C. Bus D. Jeep E. Others (specify) _______________ 2. How long is your trip going to school? _______ (min) 3. How much do you spend for your transportation weekly? _______ (pesos) 4. Are you satisfied with your current transportation? ___Yes ___No 5. What mode of transportation do you prefer? A. Car B. Train C. Bus D. Jeep E. Others 6. How many cars do your family own? _______ 7. Do you know how to drive? ___Yes ___No 8. How many can drive in your family? Z___________________ 9. Does your family hire a driver? ___Yes ___No 10. How many drivers do you have? (Skip if none) ___________________ Rate from 1 for strongly disagree, 2 for disagree, 3 for neutral, 4 for agree and 5 for strongly agree ______ 11. Using a car is the best mode of transportation ______ 12. Public transportation is for the poor ______ 13. Waiting in traffic is better than waiting for a train/jeep/bus ______ 14. Knowing how to drive is a privilege ______ 15. Someone who uses a car going to school is considered rich ______ 16. Riding in a train is more practical than riding a car ______ 17. Riding a jeep is better than riding in a train ______ 18. Driving is more tiring than standing in a train ______ 19. I am satisfied with my mode of transportation ______ 20. I would use a bike going to...
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...Prepositions – Time English | Usage | Example | * on | * days of the week | * on Monday | * in | * months / seasons * time of day * year * after a certain period of time (when?) | * in August / in winter * in the morning * in 2006 * in an hour | * at | * for night * for weekend * a certain point of time (when?) | * at night * at the weekend * at half past nine | * since | * from a certain point of time (past till now) | * since 1980 | * for | * over a certain period of time (past till now) | * for 2 years | * ago | * a certain time in the past | * 2 years ago | * before | * earlier than a certain point of time | * before 2004 | * to | * telling the time | * ten to six (5:50) | * past | * telling the time | * ten past six (6:10) | * to / till / until | * marking the beginning and end of a period of time | * from Monday to/till Friday | * till / until | * in the sense of how long something is going to last | * He is on holiday until Friday. | * by | * in the sense of at the latest * up to a certain time | * I will be back by 6 o’clock. * By 11 o'clock, I had read five pages. | Prepositions – Place (Position and Direction) English | Usage | Example | * in | * room, building, street, town, country * book, paper etc. * car, taxi * picture, world | * in the kitchen, in London * in the book * in the car,...
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...started in 1979, basically says that every couple can only give birth to one child. Although this is considered a success there are other areas where china lacks. According to Ethan Gothman, The 2005 Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI), which ranks countries based on such measures as health, governance, technology, and international cooperation, places China 133rd out of 146 countries. The ESI predicts the likelihood that a country will be able to preserve valuable environmental resources effectively over the period of several decades (Gothman). China has also made some innovation is transportation. In 2006 China began to restore bicycle lanes that had been shut down to make room for cars. Beijing has begun a program to encourage public transport, lower fares, and begin a Bus Rapid Transit system. The Bus Rapid Transit system is a high-speed bus with a...
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...CLYDE CHARLES On March 12, 1981, the victim was walking on a road looking for help after her car blew out. A black man, Charles, walked up to her and threatened her, grabbed her by the neck, and dragged her to the side of some buildings. He pulled her hair, punched her in the face, choked her, and bit her. He then raped her. He repeatedly choked her and hit her head with a pipe. After, the victim ran away and was picked up by Deputy Domangue in a police car. Domangue said he had seen Charles an hour earlier and that later Charles was hitchhiking. The victim later identified Charles as the rapist when she was at Terrebonne General Hospital. The defense claimed that the victim was given the description of Charles before her identification. But, Clyde Charles was convicted of aggravated rape on June 22, 1982, and was sentenced to life in prison. The prosecution's evidence said a hair analyst discovered two hairs on Charles's shirt and testified that they were microscopically "similar" but not identical to hair from the victim's head. Domangue's testified that Charles was wearing a dark jogging jacket with white stripes when he first saw him (the victim testified that the rapist wore a dark jogging suit with stripes) and that Charles was wearing a red cap and blue jacket tied around his neck when he found him hitchhiking. The police found a red baseball hat and blue jean jacket near the scene and Charles had admitted that he had been wearing a blue jacket. After the...
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