...quadratic equations, Application of equations: profit, pricing, savings, revenue, sales tax, investment, bond redemption, linear inequalities, applications of inequalities: profit, renting verses purchasing, leasing versus purchasing, revenue, current ratio, investment, Maple session on solving linear, quadratic and higher degree equations, solving inequalities II. Functions and Graphs: Introduction to functions, domain and range of a function, Applications: demand, supply and profit functions, demand and supply schedule, value of business, depreciation, Special functions: polynomial, rational, piecewise defined functions, Absolute value function, and evaluation of such functions. Combination of functions. Applications: cost, investment, sales, profit, business, Graphs of functions: linear, quadratic, piecewise defined functions, graphing of quadratic functions by finding vertex, Applications on graphs: inventory, debt payment, pricing, revenue and profit, demand and supply curves, Maple session on functions and graphs III. Lines and Systems: Equation of a straight line, slope and intercept of a line, parallel and perpendicular lines, Applications: price-quantity relationship, production levels, cost, revenue, demand and supply equations, isocost line, isoprofit line, depreciation, appreciation, systems of linear equations, solution of system of linear equations, nonlinear systems: one linear one quadratic equation, solving nonlinear systems, Applications: market equilibrium...
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...Preface Here are my online notes for my Calculus I course that I teach here at Lamar University. Despite the fact that these are my “class notes”, they should be accessible to anyone wanting to learn Calculus I or needing a refresher in some of the early topics in calculus. I’ve tried to make these notes as self contained as possible and so all the information needed to read through them is either from an Algebra or Trig class or contained in other sections of the notes. Here are a couple of warnings to my students who may be here to get a copy of what happened on a day that you missed. 1. Because I wanted to make this a fairly complete set of notes for anyone wanting to learn calculus I have included some material that I do not usually have time to cover in class and because this changes from semester to semester it is not noted here. You will need to find one of your fellow class mates to see if there is something in these notes that wasn’t covered in class. 2. Because I want these notes to provide some more examples for you to read through, I don’t always work the same problems in class as those given in the notes. Likewise, even if I do work some of the problems in here I may work fewer problems in class than are presented here. 3. Sometimes questions in class will lead down paths that are not covered here. I try to anticipate as many of the questions as possible when writing these up, but the reality is that I can’t anticipate all the questions. Sometimes a very good question...
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...Services planning and Management Department; Community Health Lecturer; J Kwaku Agyemang 1. Course Description Managerial Economics is concerned with resources allocation, decisions that are made by managers in both private and public sections (private business, private NGO’s and public sector) of the economy. The course emphasizes the application of economic principles and methodologies to decision-making process of business firms operating under conditions of risk and uncertainty. Managerial Economics, thus, uses concepts, models and analytical techniques of economics to study and analyse the operations of businesses and the type of problems managers face. Hence it provides important conceptual insights for gaining a better understanding of business environment and for making of quality business decisions with minimal trial and errors. 2. Objectives: 2.1 To provide participants with a much clearer view of the applicability and relevance of economics to decision making within business firms. 2.2 To develop students’ knowledge of applied economics 2.3 To develop students’ analytical skills to a higher level. 2.4 To enhance students’ insight into the operation of business and the nature of problems managers face. 3. Course coverage * Introduction of students to Managerial Economics and the use of models and other analytical concepts in decision making process. * Introduction to the concept of risk and uncertainty...
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...ITM UNIVERSITY UPARWARA, NEW RAIPUR Syllabus for MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION EFFECTIVE FROM THE SESSION: 2012-2013 Semester –I ITM UNIVERSITY, NEW RAIPUR Master of Business Administration Semester –I List of subject for Academic Session 2012 – 13. Serial No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. List of Subjects Principles of Management Managerial Economics Financial Accounting Environment Management Quantitative Techniques Business Legislation Communication Skills- I Computers for Managers ITM UNIVERSITY, RAIPUR Master of Business Administration Subject: Principles of Management Semester-I Unit I Introduction - Nature, function, definition and importance of management, Definition, nature, purpose and scope of management, Functions of a manager, an overview of planning, organizing, staffing leading and controlling. Is management a science or art? Unit II Development of Management Thought - Scientific management; Contribution of Taylor, Fayol, Mary Follet, Elton Mayo; Hawthorne experiments, Contingency approach, Indian heritage in production and consumption. Management and administration, Management as a profession, Professionalism of management in India, Management ethics and management culture, Skills required of manager, Classification of skills, Methods of skills development. Unit III Management Planning - Concept of planning, objectives, Nature, Types of plan, Stages involved in planning, Characteristics of a good plan, Importance, Limitations of planning, Making...
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...Germany Ulf Andresen* Regulations Provide Further Guidance on the Application of the Authorized OECD Approach to the Attribution of Profit to Permanent Establishments The author considers the recently issued Regulations on the application of the authorized OECD approach under existing German tax treaties, specifically for the allocation of profit to permanent establishments. 1. Permanent Establishment Profit Attribution Regulations Issued On 13 October 2014, the Upper House (Bundesrat) adopted the “Regulations on the Application of the Arm’ s Length Principle on Permanent Establishments in accordance with section 1(5) of the Foreign Tax Act (Aussensteuergesetz)” (Permanent Establishment (PE) Profit Attribution Regulations) (the Regulations).1 These Regulations were drafted by the Ministry of Finance and were adopted by the Upper House based on the delegated power in section 1(6) of the Foreign Tax Act granted by the parliament (Bundestag). The Regulations have the quality of law and, thus, are binding on taxpayers, the tax administration and the tax courts in Germany. They provide the long-awaited guidance for taxpayers on how they should apply, in practice, the authorized OECD approach under section 1(5) of the Foreign Tax Act, which is effective in Germany for all financial years commencing after 31 December 2012. The rules in the Regulations are effective for financial years starting after 31 December 2014. For taxpayers, this means that they...
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...The Application of Matrix and Calculus in Business Submitted To: Ms. Farzana Lalarukh Associate Professor Department of finance University of Dhaka No NAME ID 01 Md. Shezanur Rahman 16-011 02 Morjina Begum 16-061 03 Ishrat Amin 16-119 04 Md. Liakot Akbar 16-121 05 Farah Tasneem 16-163 Ms. Farzana Lalarukh Associate Professor Department of Finance University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of Term paper on “The Application of Matrix and Calculus in Business” We are pleased to submit this term paper on “The Application of Matrix and Calculus in Business” as a preliminary requirement of fulfillment of this course of our BBA program. Throughout the study, we have tried with the best of our capacity to conciliate as much information as possible. We would like to thank you for assigning us such a responsibility and helping us on different aspects of the report. We hope you will appreciate the sincere effort. Yours sincerely Farah Tasneem (On behalf of the group) ID: 16-163 Section: A It is a great honor for us to submit this...
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...Philipp J. H. Srhroder (Editurs) O 2006 Published by Elsevier B.V. Linux vs. Windows: A Comparison of Application and Platform Innovation Incentives for Open Source and Proprietary Software Platforms Nicholas Economides and Evangelos Katsamakas ABSTRACT The chapter analyzes and compares the investment incentives of platform and application developers for Linux and Windows. We find that the level of investment in applications is larger when the operating system is open source rather than proprietary. The comparison of the levels of investment in the operating systems depends, among others, on reputation effects and the number of developers. The chapter also develops a short case study comparing Windows and Linux and identifies new directions for open source software research. Keywords: Open Source Software, operating systems, technology platforms, Linux, innovation incentives. JEL Classification: L 10, L86, L3 1. 10.1 INTRODUCTION Open source software is an emerging type of software that may fundamentally affect the business and economic features of the software industry. Linux, an open source operating system, has been the prominent example of the potential of the open source movement, competing against Microsoft Windows, the incumbent operating system. 208 Nicholas Economides and Evangelos Katsamkas This chapter analyzes the incentives to invest in application software and an operating system under two different software ecosystems: one based on an open source...
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...Application of Business Analytics in Pricing It is estimated that 30% of annual pricing decisions go wrong and do not generate the best price to maximize revenues and/or profits. The traditional methods of cost accounting can be used to arrive at the cost and a profit margin can be added to create a price. But the sheer vast number of products that a company may sell makes it an extremely complex task to calculate price based on cost inputs, price of alternatives, etc. The variables affecting price may also change continuously and it’s a daunting task to track them all. Traditional methods of pricing may therefore ignore potential for higher revenues or a need to cut costs to match buyer sentiment and willingness. This is where Business Analytics has a role to play. By mining such ‘Big Data’, pricing predictions and prescriptions can be automated and based on much granular information. Such predictions and prescriptions regarding price will be made basis continuous interpretation of data and will be more reflective of the dynamic market conditions in which the prices are set. Revenues can thus be maximized and/or cost can be better managed. Eg: Fortune.com carried an article on how Big Oil is turning to Big Data in times of volatile gas prices. Data tools such as algorithms, sensor networks etc are helping to lower costs and to improve efficiency in oil infrastructure. This application of business analytics in pricing, one of the most important 4Ps of Marketing is...
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...method for planning and scheduling materials for complex manufactured products in the 1980. But it was too big clumsy and expensive and eventually lead to the focus of MRP II by JD Edwards. Enterprise Resource Planning help provides corporate platform for information technology and include financial and manufacturing applications. Its attempt to integrate all areas of the company function into a single system that can serve different department needs throughout the company. By integrating all business function it helps the company to function more efficiently in the business processes. With the integration of business processes ERP helps to reduce operation cost, such as production and inventory costs, it helps with budgeting, generating more accurate demand forecasts, bill of material, speed production cycles and enhance customer service. ERP system has been growing tremendously since it first introduction, according to a Gartner research in 2005, the total ERP application grew 5.2 percent annually as the market deal with mergers, on demand and technology advances with Europe having the largest segment of the market at 42 percent. The financial application also has an astounding 44 percent of the market, worldwide the market revenue grew 16.7% with a market value of over $20.7 billion although they saw a reduce in market growth to 5.5 percent due to the global recession but had a larger market value at $21.4 billion, it also so a decline of 6% in 2009. Some examples of...
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...between economic theory and business practice Introduction 3 Definition 3 Economic Theory Vs. Managerial Theory 4 Decision-making 6 Scope of Managerial Economics 6 Positive versus Normative Economics 7 Positive Economics 7 Normative Economics 7 Examples Demonstrating How Managerial Economics Translates Economic Theory into Business Practice 9 Demand Analysis and Forecasting 9 Cost and Production Analysis 10 Inventory Management 10 Advertising 11 Pricing Decision, Policies and Practices 11 Profit Management 11 Capital Management 12 Responsibilities of a Managerial Economist 13 Conclusion 15 Gadgets International: A Case Study Nature of the Case Study 16 About Gadgets International (GI) 16 Market/Industry Structure 17 Firm’s Objectives 19 Using Economic Theory to Attain Gadgets International’s Organizational Goals & Objectives 19 Optimal Output Level & Pricing Strategy 19 Inputs and Costs 22 Accommodating Change 24 Promoting Growth 25 Conclusion 26 Managerial Economics Bridging the gap between economic theory and business practice Introduction The science of Managerial Economics has emerged only recently. With the growing variability and unpredictability of the business environment, business managers have become increasingly concerned with finding rational and ways of adjusting to an exploiting environmental change. Managerial economics generally refers to the integration of economic theory with business practice. Economics provides...
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...Chapter 2 True-False Questions | |Operational management is responsible for directing the day-to-day operations of the business and therefore needs | | |transaction-level information. | | | | | |Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 52 | | |Deciding whether to introduce a new product line is the responsibility of an operational manager. | | | | | |Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 57 | | |Operational-level manufacturing systems deal with the firm’s long-term manufacturing goals, such as where to locate a new | | |plant. | | | | | ...
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...MZUMBE UNIVERSITY DAR ES SALAAM CAMPUS FACULTY OF BUSINESS STUDIES PROGRAM : MBA - CORPORATE MANAGEMENT 2013/14 EVENING SESSION: (MBA II) – 16 HRS TASK : ASSIGNMENT SUBJECT : MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS (ECO 5011) LECTURER : Dr. P. NGOWI GROUP PARTICIPANTS NAME OF PARTICIPANT REGISTRATION NU * Adrian Mchunguzi 2210500…./T13 QUESTION: Find an organization of your interest and (advised to pick an organization of one of the group members) and explain in detail how one of the aspects of managerial economics are applied in practice.) * INTRODUCTION The discipline of managerial economics deals with aspects of economics and tools of analysis, which are employed by business enterprises for decision-making. One of economic managerial aspects is production function and cost function. Choosing Tanzania Portland Cement Company Limited (TPCC) as a firm of case study, we are interested to examine application of the production function and cost function in the TPCC decision making. It should be noted that, TPCC’s objective is manufacturing, selling and distribution of high quality construction cement in Tanzania. According to TPCC Annual report (2012), indicated that TPCC remains the market leader in the cement industry in Tanzania. The company manufactures two brands of cement, strictly conforming to the latest standards issued...
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...products/services and benefits 3 Article review: Enterprize resource planing in reengineering business…………….....6 Reflective piece 2: Impact of Internet Technology on ERP 7 Benefits and adrawbacks of Web - based ERP systems 8 Reflective Piece 3: Understanding of ERPsim Game 10 Reflective Piece 4: Data mining and competitive advantage 12 Applications of Data mining 13 Reflective Work 5: ERP Sim Experience 15 List of References 17 List of Tables Table 1. SAP Business suite applications 3 Table 2. List of benefits and drawback of ERP systems 5 Table 3. Benefits and drawbacks of web - based ERP systems 9 Table 4. Individual roles of the group members 10 REFLECTIVE PIECE 1 – SAP and Article Review SAP- SAP – company, products/service and benefits Formed in 1972, SAP (Systems, Applications, and Products in Data Processing) is seen today as the largest inter-enterprise software firm in the global market. Due to the wide range of products that they have, SAP has become the third largest independent software solutions supplier for businesses. The headquarter of the company is located In Walldorf, Germany, However, they have subsidies in over 50 countries and thousands of customers in more than 150 different countries. SAP is present in the America's, Asia and Europe (SAP 2012). SAP provides a Business Suite which is a package of applications that offers companies the opportunity to integrate information and processes as well as improve...
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...to address empirically because of difficulties in obtaining data about IT investment that can be linked to firm performance (Anderson, 2006). After globalization, the world became a small country so the IT applications became mandatory to any industry for online communication as anyone nowadays can search for whatever, whenever and wherever he is through online internet connection. The aim of this research is to address the effect of investment in IT sector and the tourism firm profitability and how does it affect the growth and cost reduction in tourism sector by questionnaire and collecting finical data from a firms working that field. Abstract Information Technology (IT) has become mandatory in the businesses, till now many of the developing countries consider the IT as a very costly sector to invest in, unlike the civilized nations whom invest much more in IT although it is still expensive but they recognize how much it important to their business. The objective of this study is to find the relation and its direction between investing in the IT sector and the effectiveness on company profitability. Keywords: Information Technology, IT, Profit, Profitability, Tourism Literature Review According to Daniel (1994), IT is the application of technology to business processes, gathering data and creating...
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...Economics : Definition, Nature, Scope Managerial economics is a discipline which deals with the application of economic theory to business management. It deals with the use of economic concepts and principles of business decision making. Formerly it was known as “Business Economics” but the term has now been discarded in favour of Managerial Economics. Managerial Economics may be defined as the study of economic theories, logic and methodology which are generally applied to seek solution to the practical problems of business. Managerial Economics is thus constituted of that part of economic knowledge or economic theories which is used as a tool of analysing business problems for rational business decisions. Managerial Economics is often called as Business Economics or Economic for Firms. Definition of Managerial Economics: “Managerial Economics is economics applied in decision making. It is a special branch of economics bridging the gap between abstract theory and managerial practice.” – Haynes, Mote and Paul. “Business Economics consists of the use of economic modes of thought to analyse business situations.” - McNair and Meriam “Business Economics (Managerial Economics) is the integration of economic theory with business practice for the purpose of facilitating decision making and forward planning by management.” - Spencerand Seegelman. “Managerial economics is concerned with application of economic concepts and economic analysis to the problems of formulating rational managerial...
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