...Similarities and Differences in Caribbean and European Tourism The World Tourism Organization is a United Nations Organization that specializes in and oversees national tourism, serving as a mediator or consultant to fix or aid in tourism policies and as a practical source of tourism knowledge and statistics. The World Tourism Organization plays a positive central role in the promotion of tourism development nationwide. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people "traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes" (1). Tourism is found almost anywhere across the globe. With it being more popular in certain areas, the Caribbean and Europe are two that are visited by millions of tourists year round. Many countries use tourism as a source of income. Both the European and Caribbean regions require tourism to keep a steady flow of income streaming to their nations, and although they share many similarities, such as an increase in job market and pollution, European and Caribbean tourism differ in just as many ways; attractions, transportation, cost, and standard of living are several things that make both regions unique. Even though European and Caribbean tourism share a lot of differences, they possess a lot of similarities that are usually found between tourism in any region. Tourism has a positive effect on the country or area by increasing the local job market. This...
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...Given the size and complexity of the tourism industry in the Caribbean States I will concentrate on some of the environmental consequences along with the financial benefits and socio-political effects faced as a result of being a popular destination for millions of people. The focus of this piece will be on the following issues, issues such as water shortage, displacement of people from their traditional forms of livelihood, also the fact that the Caribbean States are over dependant on the tourism industry as a means of attracting foreign investments. Tourism has often been described as an industry that destroys the resources on which it depends for its very existence. In many parts of the world tourism seems to be suffering from its own success. The World Travel and Tourism Environment Review quotes the Financial Times of January 9, 1993, as describing the Mediterranean Sea, a major tourism area, as a "diluted sewer." It continues, "The Mediterranean Basin is home to 130 million people and is visited by 100 million tourists annually. Jointly these generate 2 billion tons of sewerage of which roughly 30% is treated. The remainder is discharged into the sea untreated and contaminates the area with little room to escape. The result? Only 4% of shellfish from the area are considered fit for human consumption and periodic increases in algae are to be expected (WWTTERC Review 1993). A report by the Coral Reef Alliance, in 1995, found that "at the current rate of destruction,...
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...Caribbean History and Culture March 17, 2013 Tourism: Impacts on the Economy and Eco-System How is Caribbean tourism negative for their economy? How does tourism negatively impact ecology? Those are the questions I ask myself, is tourism tearing apart the Caribbean? In some ways there are both positive and negative impacts of tourism on the economy and ecology of the Caribbean. The reason this topic is worth being thoroughly exploring is because of all the lives it impacts on an everyday basis from work to water supply. Through researching I have found that there are a few alliances that their only purpose is to benefit and help keep the eco-system the way it is supposed to be. Now not all resorts are watched under these alliances but I am going to take a closer look at these Alliances and see exactly what they stand for and how they could make positive changes when it comes to helping save the eco-system. In the end I’m going to find statistics on what good and bad is going on, what people are doing to try to improve any of the bad and see just how much tourism affects the lives of the people and lands of the Caribbean. My plan is to look inside of it all, shift out the myths and find the truth on both the Economy and Ecology issues. The purpose of my research project is to look into the different effects tourism has on both the economy and ecology. I’m going to be digging deep into what is really happening to the oceans (Hill, 2013) these beautiful oceans that...
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...LIMITED LC/CAR/L.75 21 December 2005 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN CARIBBEAN CRUISE SHIP TOURISM __________ This document has been reproduced without formal editing. Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................................1 Definitions ....................................................................................................................................................1 2. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW.............................................................................................................................4 Description of cruise ship tourism ................................................................................................................4 North America ..............................................................................................................................................4 Europe...........................................................................................................................................................6 The Caribbean...............................................................................................................................................8 3. ISSUES AND CHALLENGES FACING THE CARIBBEAN...................................................................11 Concentration of the industry......................................................
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...The Caribbean’s history is rooted in colonialism. When Christopher Columbus first arrived in the Caribbean it was inhabited by the indigenous people of the region. This eventually led to the other major European players to take up settlement in the region. Eventually, these settlements supplemented by a slave labour force from Africa grew into a large colonised settlement. This became an engrained system and as such many of the remnants of colonization still have a strong grip on how people operate in the region. Ideas of sex, sexuality and sex work which are now prominent in the region was shaped during this time of the historical development of the region. According to Elizabeth Hartney, sex work is the term for engaging in sexual activity for money or otherwise working in the sex industry. Depending on the work, activities might include: physical contact with a paying client, creating or being the subject of sex-related photos or videos, engaging in phone sex, participating in live sex shows. This is short is prostitution. Kamala Kempadoo (1999) gives an invaluable background into the history of Caribbean sex work and how it was influenced by colonial powers. It is stated that “prostitution is inextricably tied to the power and control exerted by European colonizers over black women….” Research showed that slave masters not only had complete control over the labour of their work force but also over the sexual labour of their women. The slave masters exercised their control...
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...and sea levels are rising. Pertaining to climate change it has both natural and human causes and short and long climate forcer. Also it has dangerous effects such as higher temperatures, changing landscapes etc. In the Caribbean, the states in the region formed an organisation that is called Caricom where they joined together to work on various matters. The fifteen (15) Caricom countries are Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint Lucia, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago. Focusing on climate changes in the fifteen (15) Caricom countries in the Caribbean, it is considered to be one of the biggest threats to nature and humanity towards them because it can bring about negative and destructive effects caused by short lived and long lived climatic forces. Mostly likely in the Caricom countries, they face potential economic impacts of climate change with their agriculture, tourism and infrastructure. According to researches, in the Caribbean the production of electricity by power companies consumes the largest amount of fossil fuels making them the greatest contributors to climate change in the region. However, the islands of the Caribbean are not considered to be major producers of greenhouse gases. Industrialised countries are the main producers...
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...Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 345±370, 2000 Pergamon 5 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Printed in Great Britain 0160-7383/00/$20.00 PII: S0160-7383(99)00073-0 CARIBBEAN CRUISE TOURISM Globalization at Sea Robert E. Wood Rutgers University-Camden, USA Abstract: Caribbean cruise tourism provides a particularly illuminating vantage point for understanding the processes of globalization in the world today. After documenting the rapid expansion of this business, the paper explores three central manifestations of globalization at work in the Caribbean cruise industry: the restructuring of the industry in the face of global competition, capital mobility, and labor migration; new patterns of global ethnic recruitment and strati®cation, including their incorporation into the product marketed to tourists; and deterritorialization, cultural theming, and simulation. The paper asserts that this ``globalization at sea'' illustrates the contradictions, ambiguities, and unchartered course of contemporary globalization processes. Keywords: globalization, tourism, cruise industry, Caribbean, migration, ethnicity. 5 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. ReÂsumeÂ: Le tourisme de croisiÁere aux CaraÈõbes: la globalisation en mer. Le tourisme de croisiÁere aux CaraÈõbes fournit un point de vue particuliÁerement appropriÂe pour comprendre le processus de globalisation dans le monde d'aujourd'hui. AprÁes avoir passÂe en revue la rapide expansion de ce...
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...ABTRACT Tourism is all about travel; and the role of transportation in its operation is vital. Travel can be discussed without taking tourism into consideration, but tourism cannot thrive without travel. Transportation is an integral part of the tourism industry. It is largely due to the improvement of transportation that tourism has expanded, though this expansion is good due to increase revenue that would be captures as a result of passenger traffic will have an impact negative side. In some area to name a few; the ecology; degradation of destination sites, tourist experience, and in some cases the economy of these destinations. In the light of such issues, it is important to discuss how these developments affect the traveller and the destination INTRODUCTION Tourism has emerged as one of the most dynamic sectors of any country’s economy. Not only does it make significant contribution to the foreign exchange earnings, employment, income generation and regional development but it also helps in the overall development of that country directly or indirectly through different sectors. Tourism has become a popular global leisure activity, in 2011, there were over 983 million international tourist arrivals worldwide, representing a growth of 4.6% when compared to 940 million in 2010 (Press release). UNWTO. 7 May 2012, Retrieved 15 June 2012. International tourism receipts the travel item of the balance of payments grew to US$1.03 trillion (€740 billion) in 2011, corresponding...
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...has defined modern Caribbean features since colonization, slavery and indentureship (Nurse 2003). The Caribbean has one of the largest diasporic communities in the world, in proportion to population (Stalker 2003). For example, it is estimated that the Cubans and Dominicans in the USA are equivalent to 8% of their respective populations of origin (UNECLAC 2002: 237). And, in some of the mini states in the region like St. Kitts and Nevis, Grenada and Belize, annual labour migration accounts for as much as 12% of their population, thereby transferring their population growth (Mittelman 2000: 60). In addition, the loss of highly educated individuals from the Caribbean was due to the brain drain and the question of migration and remittances and if they could improve the standards of living for the individuals, their families and communities hence, aiding in the development of the region at large. The issue of migration and development has health and security risks associated with it for instance, HIV/AIDS and the increase in deportees into the Caribbean. Emigration in the Caribbean has occurred in two waves. The first wave occurred in the 1950s and 1960s in the Western economies during the post World War II which was a result of improved standards of living by finding full employment and lack of work in unskilled and semiskilled jobs. The second wave was due to the outcome of global economic restructuring and both economic and social decline in Caribbean countries. Emigration...
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...Critically analyze the statement: “Cruise ship tourism- possible economy booster.” An Essay S. Cole January 30, 2013 Introduction A cruise is defined as a voyage on a ship taken as holiday (Oxford English Dictionary). Cruise ship tourism is proclaimed by the sea trade industry to be a privileged thing, yet for the island nations of the Caribbean, the benefits of the expanding industry may be in disagreement with their overall growth and objectives. This essay seeks to highlight the aspect of cruise tourism and how beneficial it is to the economy thus analyzing the advantages and the disadvantages of cruise ship tourism to the Caribbean country. Cruise ship tourism is the top growing sector of the tourism industry, it represents a part of the world economy. It is debatable as to whether or not Cruise ship can boost an economy this paper will argue various views as to whether it is feasible for a cruise ship tourism to do so as well as how vital is a cruise ship to an economy. The tourism industry continues to be amongst the most vibrant economic sectors, generating a wide range of benefits including a growing contribution to Gross Domestic Profit (GDP), tourism is a reliable tool for sustainable job creation. Tourism plays a crucial role in the creation of employment, which is especially...
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...“During the twentieth century, poor women in the Caribbean were pulled into a predictable, gendered, labor pattern operating at investment sites in the region. In this pattern poor men leave home to find temporary, labor-intensive employment in the initial phases of economic development. Women follow later to take up more permanent service employment as maids, domestics, and cleaners” (Almer, 99). The significance of the quote is its showing the emergence of a labor model that has shaped the Caribbean for generations. In the beginning of the twentieth century poor eastern Caribbean women followed male migrant workers to various places such as: the Panama Canal, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Trinidad, Curacao, and Aruba in order to provide for their families. Eastern Caribbean women have developed their own family model, which include non-marital relationships and freedom to travel for work. According to eastern Caribbean social norms poor women are expected to have children and support them financially. This results in women leaving their children with extended family and supporting them by working in distant places (99). During the Pre-1960s women migrant workers found employment as seamstresses, cooks, laundresses, and maids at labor camps located in the Panama Canal Zone, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic (100). When employment on these islands decreased, women followed the labor migrant pattern again by traveling to Trinidad, Curacao and Aruba to perform domestic work (101)...
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...~ UTTERWORTH E I N E M A N N 0261-5177(95)00082--8 Tourism Management, Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 593-61)4, 1995 Copyright © 1995 Elsevier Science Ltd Printed in Great Britain. All rights reserved 11261-5177/95 $10.0(1 + 0.00 Alternative tourism in Montserrat David B Weaver Luther College, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada $4S 0.42 Small island states or dependencies have increasingly turned to international mass tourism as a strategy for overcoming their underdeveloped status. However, mounting criticism of this sector has increased the interest in alternative tourism. The Caribbean island of Montserrat is well positioned to implement an ecotourism strategy based on the island's scenic beauty, biodiversity and historical/cultural attributes. This would augment an already unconventional tourism product emphasizing low-density residential tourism. The fact that few tangible initiatives have so far been taken in the direction of ecotourism is not problematic, since careful planning is advisable given the risks inherent in any form of tourism, and given existing and potential problems which could threaten its viability. A Montserrat Heritage Trail network is proposed as the centrepiece of this ecotourism product, while various marketing and institutional initiatives are recommended. Keywords: Montserrat, alternative tourism, ecotourism, small islands Peripheral regions are continuously struggling to identify activities which will contribute to the goals...
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...Access the importance of any two perennial national festivals in the Caribbean Carnival is Bacchanal! It is an annual celebration of life found in many countries of the world. Carnival is the time when individuals releases themselves and parade with enjoyment of the various Caribbean local art forms. According to Julia Hewitt “in the Caribbean, carnival as a mode of performing resistance, the memory of repression and sacrifice but also of hope, in a sense of becoming other”. “Caribbean festivals embody an aesthetic formally rooted in the early European, African and Asian traditions brought to the West indies between the 15th and 19th centuries, as well as from 20th century publications, broad casts and artistic movements. Caribbean festival arts are evidence of the transformation worked by a creoles aesthetic.” Judith Bettleheim et.al. Carnival in Trinidad and Tobago and Jonkonnu in Jamaica are two perennial festivals in the Caribbean. These festivals have been celebrated in the Caribbean for years and play an integral role in the maintenance and development of the region. Moreover, they contribute significantly to the nation’s social, economic, cultural tourism welfare. The Caribbean has many festivals such as Jonkonnu and Carnival. Jonkonnu has several schools of thoughts but according to Richard Allsopp denotes that Jonkonnu is more likely related to Yoruba word Jonkoliko, one elevated as a figure for fun or disgrace. This seems logical, especially since many of the...
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...In spite of being very beautiful, displaying a high natural potential, it is very poor. After the chute of the Trujillo system, the new government started the reform of the country based primarily on the reconsideration of the tourist area. Showing a high interest in the developing of the tourism, the north of the island was the first to start with. Puerto Plata situated at the Atlantic Ocean represented a nice location for the foreign investors who did not wait for a second to build up here all- inclusive resorts. The process was then extended to the entire lush tropical island. All in all the situation is a little bit strange and not at all profitable for the Dominican Republic as long as the country does not take any benefit from the tourism in spite of the fact that these foreigners make use of the land, beach, resources and manpower for free. 3.1 General Aspects 3.1.1. Location The Dominican Republic is a small country in the world however it has a dominant place in the Caribbean area as being ranked the second on top of the largest countries in the Caribbean archipelago. With a population of 8 million and a half, the Dominican Republic has a total...
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...Caribbean Development: An Overview Paul Sutton * Development is generally recognised as a complex multifaceted process of economic, social, political, environmental and cultural change, which results in increases in the well-being of people and extends their rights and choices in the present without compromising the abilities of future generations to enjoy these benefits. In the Caribbean the economic, social and political elements of development have held centre stage in the last fifty years. Typically they have been (and are) represented in the form of rising incomes (greater Gross Domestic Product per capita), social progress (improved welfare through education and health programmes and gender equality) and political freedoms (independence, administrative efficiency and democracy). In the last fifteen years environmental issues have slowly risen on the development agenda as well as, more recently, cultural issues such as artistic expression and various forms of identity. Any exploration of development in the region is therefore very wide. The focus of this paper is on the traditional agenda - economic, social and political development in that order. This is not because these aspects are in any sense ‘superior’ to other forms of development (although the economic dimension remains dominant within the development discourse and within the Caribbean), but because it permits the long view - to look back at development policy to situate where the theory and practice of development...
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