...Alternatives to Incarceration Nicole Kimble Professor White CRJ 180 December 4, 2015 In examining the underlying historical and economic reasons behind the quest for alternatives to incarcerating offenders in jails and prisons, “between 1972 and 2010, the United States prison population increased exponentially from fewer than 200,000 prisoners to more than 1.6 million. Including, jails, the United States now incarcerates approximately 2.3 million people on any given day. By 2012, one in 108 American adults had been incarcerated. During these decades, the contours of American exceptionalism expanded as the United States acquired the distinction of leading incarcerator of the world.” (Eaglin, J pp.1845) I would also like to add that the “Model Penal Code takes an important stride toward fundamental thinking as it refocuses economic sanctions around the goal of successful reintegration into society. There is reason to believe that the broader public and political has not similarly reoriented itself around this framework, despite the apparent shift towards rehabilitative reforms. Neorehabilitaive reforms maintain the dame framework of exclusion that created policies that increased prison populations even though the rhetoric of reform has changed. So to speak, “unless and until the public politicians develop the will to fund a reintegrative system, economic sanctions may be another alternative to incarceration implemented in the wrong way despite the ally’s efforts to the...
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...What Do Adults Think about Young People? by Joel Tolman Perceptions of young people are remarkably negative Most Americans look at today’s teenagers with misgivings and trepidation, viewing them as undisciplined, disrespectful and unfriendly...And people apply these criticisms to children across a broad economic spectrum, to children from disadvantaged backgrounds as well as to children from the middle and affluent classes. These words, taken from a 1997 Public Agenda survey and confirmed by a 1999 follow-up study, are disheartening.1 But while we may experience shock and disappointment when reading the results of these studies, few of us are surprised. These results are part of a larger story about young people — how we view their roles and the expectations we have of them — and are indicative of a larger narrative that casts many young people as less than full citizens. In effect, we, as a society, are telling young people that they lack the capacity to play meaningful roles in our communities. This story — this pattern of low expectations — is endemic rather than epidemic. It exists steadily and lastingly, rather than temporarily. This story is part of our folkways: we can find examples from Renaissance France, a newly independent United States, and last week’s newspaper. We can trace the story back to the psychological theories of Freud, Erickson and others that emphasize the sturm und drang (storm and stress) of adolescence, and to a shifting economy...
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...Teen Activity Persuasive Essay By: Eduardo Gutierrez Teens in todays society are often at risk of abusing substances, getting into trouble, and causing violent scenes. They also are still trying to discover who they are, what interests them, who to hang around with, and just discover themselves. But an issue people debate about is the actions that teens choose to do. Many teens often hangout in groups at a variety of locations such as houses, parks, the mall, and other places such as a recreational center. Although teens may not see harm in being out and about with friends, adults may think otherwise. Some parents may be worried where there kids are or what they're doing, other parents may just say, "Let them be kids", and others may just completely against kids being out in groups doing whatever they do. A possible solution would be to build a recreational center, but would building a recreational center make a difference to teens in the community? Today teens have factors that can give them a high risk of abusing drugs, alcohol, or even tobacco. These factors are the amount of money they have, stress, and boredom. A recreational center could easily iliminate these factors. There could be snacks and drinks that teens could purchase, the activities could get there mind off of things reducing stress, lastly the activities and people will let teens be more social and give them something to do. Aside from just having activities to do they could also have sports teams...
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...can be used when working with youth that are transitioning from care to independent living. The programs were used in training sessions over the course of 5 months, with eight one-day training sessions. The training sessions took place in Massachusetts. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Children's Bureau funded the project (Collins, Hill, Miranda, 2003, p. 43). The purpose of the training programs were to train group home workers in assisting foster care youth in the transition from care to independent living. The authors realized that there's very little attention paid to staff in group homes and training programs toward supervisors. "The training program was, therefore, designed with the assumptions that community-based group home staff members are fundamental to the preparation of youth for later independence," (Collins et al, 2008, p. 43). The training was in collaboration with a school of social work and public care welfare agency. The attendants include a total of 186 that were mainly group home supervisors and workers. Also in attendance were staff of Massachusetts Department of Social Services Adolescent Outreach Program (Collins et al, 2008, p. 44). The training sessions intentionally took in consideration the challenges of transition youth from care to independent living. Four main topics were covered during the training sessions; positive youth development, utilizing relational and task models in youth work, the use of transition planning...
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...Building a Youth Recreational Center Comm/215 September 29, 2014 Professor William Morgan Building a Youth Recreational Center The youth in today’s society are often at risk of getting into trouble and causing violent scenes, due to the lack of positive outlets. They are all trying to discover who they are, what interests them, who to hang around with, and just discover life. But an issue people debate about is the actions of the bored and unsupervised children. Kids often hangout in groups at a variety of locations, such as houses, parks, and the mall, while to them it may not seem harmful in being out and about with friends, adults may think otherwise. Some parents may be worried where there kids are or what they're doing, other parents may just say, "let them be kids", and others may just be completely against kids being out in groups doing whatever they do. A possible solution would be to build a recreational center to make a difference for all kids within the community. Today our youth have factors that can give them a high risk of abusing drugs, alcohol, or even tobacco. These factors are the amount of money they have, stress at home and school, and boredom. A recreational center could easily help reduce or eliminate these factors. There could be snacks and drinks that kids could purchase. The activities and people will engage the kids to be more on a more positive setting. Aside from just having social activities to do, there could...
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...together in helping communities get organized, identify problem areas based on community data, make knowledgeable decisions pertaining to how these problems should be addressed, and evaluate any actions taken to counter the problem areas. Each phase of the Communities That Care system fits well into a coordinating phase of the Strategic Prevention Framework process, and it is clear that sustainability and cultural competency as key components to every part of building a prevention infrastructure. This report describes the results of the risk- and protective-factor assessment completed as part of Elkhart County's Communities That Care effort. The Communities That Care system is a way for members of a community to work together to prevent youth problem behaviors, including...
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...Executive Summary Bright Future Youth and Family Services is a private nonprofit organization that serves more than 7,000 children, youth and families each year in Lane County, Oregon. We provide a continuum of services ranging from prevention to treatment for clients ranging in age from two to 24. Our agency also works closely with, and helps shape, the major systems that impact the young people and families in our community and state. You will find us involved in such diverse areas as mental health, juvenile justice, positive youth development, education, and work readiness. The Chambers School and Career Center is one of ten tax-exempt nonprofit programs of Bright Future Youth and Family Services. Our mission is to assist at-risk youth in the Eugene/Springfield area in becoming productive citizens by providing a learning and work environment where they feel challenged, respected, and accountable as they strive to meet the demands of adulthood. We have a staff of approximately 250 employees and also utilize several volunteers each year who play a vital role in the organization. Bright Future prides itself on its diversity of funding sources that make for a fiscally strong organization. Agency revenues come from governmental contracts, charitable gifts, United Way funding, and fees for service. Chambers School is proud to be the premier provider of at-risk youth alternative education and career assistance in Lane County, and seeks to make this experience even more valuable...
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...Azalea Youth Outreach and Referral Program Latonya Nichols/Dr. Adadevoh Business & Society 5/1/2013 About our outreach program The Azalea Youth Outreach and Referral Program’s goal is to empower our youth and focus on pro-active coaching and early intervention to address the youth and family issues through skill building, education, and advocacy. We reach out through the community, schools, churches, civic groups, social groups, and nonprofit organizations. The program promote efforts by its grantees to build relationships between our youth and outreach workers, their local communities, local schools, and social setting with homeless, troubled, low income youth. Grantees also provide support services that aim to coach youth into stable housing, daily living skills to prepare them for independence. It requires grantees to incorporate elements of the Positive Youth Development approach into their programs. PYD suggests that the best way to prevent risky behavior is to help young people achieve their full potential. Youth development strategies focus on giving young people the chance to exercise leadership, build skills and become actively involved in their communities. The Azalea Youth Outreach Referral Program (A.Y.O.P.) enables organizations around the Birmingham City and Jefferson county area to help young people get off the streets. The A.Y.O.P. is also designed to provide service to the community and change things in a positive way. We recruit volunteers...
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...Expedited and Full Board Review Using layperson terms, write a protocol specifically for IRB review. Please be concise in writing your summary and be sure to fully explain all human participant interactions. Be sure to address all of the following points in your summary. Background Information I. Rationale. Please succinctly describe the proposed project in a manner that allows the IRB to gain a sense of the project including: the research question, key background literature (supportive and contradictory) with references, and the manner in which the proposed project will improve understanding of the chosen topic. II. Methodology. This section must describe the procedures and methods planned for carrying out the study. Make sure to include site selection, the procedures used to gain permission to carry out research at the selected site(s), participant recruitment strategies (including the manner in which participants will be approached with any proposed incentives), data collection procedures, and an overview of the manner in which data will be analyzed. Provide all information necessary for the IRB to be clear about all of the contact human participants will have with the project. III. HIPPA Compliance Information. If you plan to gather health-related data, complete and attach the HIPAA Supplement Form or add a HIPAA compliance statement (as requested on page 18 of this application). If you are not using health-related information, you may indicate “N/A”...
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...Various Types of News Structure 1. Straight News Story a. The summary lead answers the most important W’s depending on which of the W’s is the most prominent among them. b. The body consists of the elaboration of the W’s and the H. The Torres Goldies ripped the Laurel Greenies last week at the High School oval because of better team work, 65-60. (Lead) The Torres team was composed of Antonio Oropeza, captain; Rogelio Romero, forward; Seki Santos, and Dioscoro Reyes, guards.(Elaboration of the WHO) The game was held in the evening of Sept.10 in connection with the celebration of Barangay Day. The Greenies’ defeat was the first they suffered in the current invitational games. (Elaboration of the WHEN and WHO) The Goldies played smoothly. They did not shoot for the basket until they were near it. The cheering squads kept the players’ morale high.(Elaboration of the HOW) Although the final score was 65-60, there were times when the lead of the Goldies was as much as 10 points. (Further elaboration) B. News-Feature Story News-Feature should not be confused with the feature articles (features) which are sometimes called special features and printed in the features sections of the newspapers of in the magazines. Human interest and news-feature stories are classified as news since both are gathered and written daily by reporters as their regular assignments. Furthermore, both emphasize the elements of timeliness or immediacy which distinguishes news from other types of...
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...self-clean, get rid of excessive, unnecessary. This happens with foreign words, borrowing which was presented during the trial. The novelty of this study lies in the interpretation of the theme, hence its relevance, which is determined by the importance of the English language in the life of Russian society. The subject of the work is to study the borrowing of Anglicisms in modern Russian decades. Abstract. Damage to the culture of the language - clogging his jargon, the trend towards illiterate use of language structures and units in spoken language - is an obvious problem of youth culture of speech. Our everyday speech - is not only an indicator of the level of literacy, aesthetic development of human presence in his cultural values, but also a means to reflect these characteristics of the society as a whole. It also is an important factor in the formation of spiritual culture, moral and intellectual development of the younger generation. And so the purpose of this paper is: by analyzing the English loan words to show the impact that English is the everyday...
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...the homeless population to a plethora of health problems. The problems associated with homelessness and healthcare have far reaching effects for a special subset of the homeless population – the population of homeless youth. Each year, more than 1.35 million children and youth experience life without a home, and one out of seven of all individuals treated by homeless health care projects is a child under age 15 (National Healthcare for the Homeless Council [NHCHC], 2003, p.1). Homeless children face the same illnesses faced by children in the general population, but their health issues are exacerbated by the circumstances inherent in their homeless status. Homelessness in and of itself is an independent predictor of poor health status among children (Kern Medical Center, 2003, p.3). Some of the health care issues especially prevalent in the homeless youth population are: psychosocial issues, nutrition and issues related to physical development, communicable diseases, dermatological disorders, respiratory disorders, dental health issues, sexual health issues, substance abuse issues, and issues related to medication use and adherence. Multiple studies have identified the adverse effects of homelessness on children’s psychosocial health including aspects of development, academic success, behavior, and mental health. In comparison to other poor children who have never been homeless, there is increased risk for depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, and academic problems in homeless...
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...Sarah Enston. Understanding Child and Young Person Development. 3.1. Explain how to monitor children and young people’s development using different methods. • Assessment Frameworks. There are frameworks in place to asses a child’s development, especially their academic performance. • Observation. Observations can be made at any time to record what a child is doing. The observer can either participate or not. • Standard measurements. Standard measurements are used by many different professionals. They include reasoning tests, Cognitive Aptitude Tests, auditory assessments and health assessments. • Information from carers and colleagues....
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...Critique of “Advice to Youth” Growing up is something that every individual experiences. Through each stage of maturing the person is provided with pieces of advice and direction that is relevant to that age. The advice someone might give to a child would be different from advice given to a youth, as well as an adult. As a young child, the person may be taught to say “yes please,” “thank you” and “you’re welcome” and advice on why it is appropriate to say these things. As the individual matures, the advice and direction also parallel that development to be age appropriate. There are some pieces of advice that are common enough to convey to a person that the majority of individuals are presented with the advice at one point or another in their life; however, it is the manner in which the advice is expressed that makes it beneficial and wholesome. In Mark Twain’s speech, “Advice to Youth,” the author provided youth with advice regarding some of the important matters that are commonly instilled in children at a young age: obey your parents, be respectful to your elders, do not lie, wake up early, be careful with guns, and read books. With each piece of advice, Mark Twain also provided reasons as to why and how the advice should be taken; however, the reasons expressed were unconventional in their nature. Twain expressed his advice in terms of acknowledging that these things are important to follow in life, but he also conveyed them in a way that was...
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...be attempted to explore by looking at the various debates, such as the social issues, the State of the Nation Address, the Budget Speech and Fragile States Index. A brief historical overview on South Africa will be stated to establish a comprehensive understanding of the development of South Africa with the changes of its strength. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ON SOUTH AFRICA The Republic of South Africa was established in 1961 and many presidents were elected by popular votes among white citizens only, under apartheid (SAHO, 2015). When apartheid was abolished in 1994, Nelson Mandela has elected as the president under the first democratic election (South African Government). South Africa, today, is classified as a democratic country and rises as one of the world’s fastest growing economies as it has joined in BRICS, an association for five major emerging national economies, since 2010 (South African Government). MEANING OF STRENGTH OF STATE Power is often defined as ability that one holds in order to influence or to control other people’s behaviour (Macionis & Plummer, 2012:540). It is therefore important for the state or nation to know how to hold power in order to control its citizens. Because when the state fails to hold its power, the state becomes fragile and fragility refers to low capacity and poor state performance relating to development and security (Cilliers & Sisk, 2013:7). When we argue a state is fragile, this means...
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