...[Your Name] [Instructor Name] [Course Number] [Date] [Title]: Solar Energy / Power Solar Energy is An Excellent Source of Alternative Energy Because It is Renewable, It Is economical, and It Is Environmental Safe In recent decades scientists have considered the use of solar energy as an application of alternative energy sources. For many years solar energy is considered an outstanding worldwide energy source. Solar energy and solar power are two different terms. Solar power is converting sunlight into electricity. “The potential of solar energy with technologies and the reductions in climate changes could provide most of the worlds energy by 2060 according to IEA report in 2011.” Solar energy is an excellent source of alternative energy because it is renewable, it is economical, and it is environmental safe. This essay describes several features that categorize solar energy as an excellent source of energy and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of solar energy. Solar energy derives its power from the sun radiation striking the earth. Not all sunlight reaches the earth surface. Yet that which is received is more than the human species need to sustain life. The energy of the sun radiation that is deposit in our region of North America is sufficient. Solar energy is a renewable energy source as well. With technology, the cost to install solar panels outweighs the cost of producing coals, oil and gas. The amount of solar radiation- sunlight deposited...
Words: 493 - Pages: 2
...Newer Sources of Fossil Oil in North America (Favoring Production of Oil Sands and Opposing the Production of Tar Sands) Discovery about Tar/ Oil Sands Tar/ Oil sands are very important for determining the energy requirements of any country. Today we highly depend on the energy resources and could not succeed without considerable energy resources available to us to meet our daily production needs. Fossil fuels which are based on coal, natural gas, renewable, nuclear and oil are the main sources of energy in this highly competitive world depending on these energy sources. The major part of the world’s energy needs is met by using fossil fuels which are proved to be the abundant sources of energy necessary for the development of modern world. Tar/ oil sands represent 60% of the world’s accessible oil and different oil producing countries such as Saudi Arabia, Venezuela and Canada. Total oil reserves account for 174 billion barrels but technology evolvement can increase these reserves at larger level up to an estimation of 315 billion barrels. Figure: Cashing in on Tar Sands In favoring new discovery of oil sands, they are much important for the economic growth of any country to give them competitive edge over others with extra energy resources. According to Canadian engineer Joseph Hill, with an access of new technologies and natural resources in environment friendly manner, additional resources of oil sands can be handy for the economic growth. She investigated that refining...
Words: 1207 - Pages: 5
...Bowlin, CEO, ARCO, 1999 en to 5 to 1. Once the ratio hits 1 to1, oil may be technically extractable but it will be of no use as an energy source. The occurrence of the Oil Peak or Huber’s Peak would call for strong international cooperation to rapidly increase output while curbing demand and investing in alternative energy sources. But what if someone has an alternative plan? SCENARIO A: ALL COME TOGETHER The Middle East finds a path to stability; the Americas actively engage in development of energy resources, as the region holds 12% of the world’s energy reserves. The Americas come together under a development-based approach to Energy Security which reduces the rate of consumption of oil in the United States while creating up- and down-stream job opportunities for the lower income echelons in the countries where significant oil and gas reservoirs are located. Pricing policies entice development of alternative sources. Over a period of 20 years, the energy structure of the Americas becomes the most diversified in the world. Innovation tied to alternative sources of energy boosts development rates in the hemisphere. Democracies become gradually more stable, as the development approach touches the daily lives of the many who now have a stake in stability and growth. Ethanol, compressed natural gas, hydroelectric power, nuclear and solar energy, reduce oil consumption and the speed of the oil depletion curve. The world economy finds some bumpy roads but rebounds strongly thereafter...
Words: 1572 - Pages: 7
...Practises in Hudson Hope ABSTRACT To meet the demand of oil in today’s oil dependent society, Talisman Energy is looking to exploit a mine located in Hudson Hope, British Colombia. The most suitable extraction process is hydraulic fracturing, which currently presents several environmental concerns to the residents located near the mine, and a representation of the general public who believe that hydraulic fracturing is not an ethical method of extraction. Talisman Energy has recently been granted a long term contract to utilize fresh water from BC Hydro’s Williston Reservoir. Local residents are concerned about the additives used in Talismans fracking process, as well as the depletion of their fresh water source. The major environmental concerns associated with hydraulic fracturing include the presence of fracking additives in ground water supply, human induced earthquakes, and the use of large amounts of fresh water supply. Talisman Energy’s proposed plan of action was evaluated using a set of ethical decision making criteria in order to determine if Talisman Energy can be considered an ethical and socially responsible company. An analysis of the criteria determined that Talisman Energy currently fails to operate as an ethical and socially responsible company. Specifically, Talisman Energy did not take the initiative to evaluate more sustainable fresh water sources. It was concluded that upon further exploration in water management technology, Talisman Energy’s hydraulic...
Words: 2655 - Pages: 11
...Direct Energy -Brand Report Card Global Marketing 1: Marketing Fundamentals Veronica Cheong [Email] [Web address] Table of Contents I. Executive Summary ................................................................................................1 Brand Scorecard ................................................................................................................................................... 1 Top 3 Recommendations ................................................................................................................................... 1 II. Industry and Corporate Overview ......................................................................... 2 Energy Industry Overview ................................................................................................................................. 2 Direct Energy Corporate Structure ................................................................................................................... 3 Direct Energy Brand Portfolio .......................................................................................................................... 3 III. Brand Diagnosis .................................................................................................... 4 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Delivering on Customer Desires........................................................................................................... 4 Relevance .............................
Words: 4995 - Pages: 20
...High Volume Hydraulic Fracturing: Tight Oil Kevin Conibear 10060801 Geology 377: Petroleum Engineering Dr. Rob Taerum April 11, 2014 Introduction Tight oil has reversed a decline in Western Canadian and U.S oil production. In tandem with advancements in horizontal drilling, high volume hydraulic fracturing has enabled companies to tap into billions of barrels of tight oil that were previously thought to be inaccessible. Tight oil, trapped in microscopic pores within impermeable layers of shale, is an unconventional oil reservoir. Unconventional reservoirs cannot be extracted through a traditional ‘well and pump’ procedure. Conversely, conventional oil reservoirs can be extracted through this traditional process. Conventional reservoirs are layers of rock that allow oil to flow relatively easily through a series of pores in the rock, thus are high in porosity and permeability. However, there are a diminishing number of conventional reservoirs, leading to the increased demand for the production unconventional oil – tight oil. Hydraulic fracturing is a technique that creates cracks within shale formations, allowing tight oil to flow freely for efficient and profitable extraction. This process has only recently been utilized to its great potential, and has proven to have profound economic implications. What is shale? Shale is fine-grained sedimentary rock that is often rich in in petroleum and natural gas. Sedimentary rocks are formed through an accumulation of sediment...
Words: 1987 - Pages: 8
...To Drill or Not To Drill The world economy is mostly driven by carbon fuels and as the population grows, so does the need for more sources of energy. No matter what alternative sources of energy are in the development pipeline, they will take time, and the world cannot stand still waiting for these sources to develop adequate energy. It is my position we should continue to drill wherever oil is available. There is a Congressional ban on drilling offshore in regions along the North Atlantic coast, most of the Pacific coast, parts of the Alaskan coast, and most of the eastern Gulf of Mexico (When a science fiction nightmare becomes a reality). The areas under the ban are estimated to hold over 18 billion barrels of oil but after recent estimates have increased the previous estimates of untapped oil in Gulf of Mexico from 9 billion to 45 billion barrels, there could be much more oil under the sea than previously thought. Environmentalists have argued against all types of drilling. They do not approve offshore drilling because of danger to marine life. They do not also approve onshore drilling because of the pollution risks involved to the extent of opposing oil pipelines. The recent oil spill in the Gulf has strengthened their argument further but they do not bring to the table adequate answers to American energy needs. Whereas the oil spill in the Gulf was a serious matter, it was just an accident and accidents happen all the time. The perception that oil pollution is a result...
Words: 548 - Pages: 3
...Hydraulic fracturing, otherwise known as fracking, is a 60 year old practice of pumping high pressure water into shale rock thousands of feet below the earth’s surface. The pressurized water is pumped through cement encased pipes at pressures reaching 9000 pounds per square inch. The treated water is forced into small cracks in the gas-rich shale rock, resulting in the breaking of the rock and the release of natural gas that would otherwise be unobtainable. Hydraulic fracturing is a safe, economically efficient way to drill for natural gas, create jobs, and lessen America’s dependency on foreign oil. Safety is always an important factor when considering new methods for obtaining raw energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural and shale gas. The process of fracking can be considered relatively safe when compared to oil drilling and mining. For example, in 2010 an offshore drilling station suffered a malfunction in a blow back valve that caused a massive explosion killing 11 people and spilling an estimated 200 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico (Center for Biological Diversity, 2011). While the cost of lost lives is immeasurable, the costs of lost profits from the spilling oil, and the clean-up, are astronomical. The consequences of oil spills are not only immediate, but can also be felt for years after. Similar to the BP oil spill, in 1989 the Exxon Valdez ship ran aground spilling an estimated 750 thousand barrels of crude oil, an amount that equals almost...
Words: 2044 - Pages: 9
...Hemp: The plant that can save America COM172 May 8, 2012 Hemp: The plant that can save America Marijuana, pot, weed, grass, smoke, hemp - these are just a few of the names given to the plant known as Cannabis Sativa. Lobbyists are currently trying to repeal the federal laws making the growth, production, and possession of medicinal cannabis illegal because of the benefits to people with cancer, glaucoma, and chronic pain. If successful this will also make it legal to grow industrial hemp. Industrial hemp can be used for clothing, nutritional supplements, and paper products; building supplies, automotive construction, and alternative fuel sources. With the legalization of hemp this nation conceivably could negate its dependence on foreign oil and reverse the failing economy. From the birth of this nation up to the 1950s, hemp was grown on large farms and in small family plots. Early settlers understood the necessity of growing hemp for rope and sails used on ships, for cloth to make clothes; even the original flag was made from hemp. In fact there were mandatory grow laws in place for years that made it a crime not to grow hemp. In 1937 the government passed a law (Title 21 U.S.C. Controlled Substance Act) that made it illegal to use marijuana for medicinal purposes. In doing so, they outlawed industrial hemp as well, even though it only contains trace amounts of the substance Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that gives Cannabis its effectiveness. Most proponents of...
Words: 1649 - Pages: 7
...10/9/2011 | America’s primary sources of energy come from fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. The cost of using fossil fuels includes labor cost to mine for coal or to drill for oil, labor and material cost to build plants to generate and transport coal and oil to plants; these hidden costs are included in electricity bills or in the purchase price of gasoline. However, some costs are not included in utility or gas bills, and they are not paid for by companies that produce or sell these energy sources (Payne, Dutzik, & Figdor, 2009). This external cost creates additional problems; such as, health issues related to the air pollution caused by the burning of coal and oil, the damage to land from coal mining and to the miners from lung disease, environmental problems like global warming, acid rain, and water pollution including national security cost to protect foreign sources of oil. This pricing system hides the true costs of fossil fuels which results in damage to human health, the environment, and the economy (Payne, Dutzik, & Figdor, 2009). This paper will examine each hidden cost and evaluate their effects to enlighten individuals on the true cost of America’s dependency on fossil fuels. America’s dependency on fossil fuels began innocently enough with the start of the Industrial Revolution. These changes were small at first with the invention of machines that replaced the hard labor of hand tools. Next were new sources of energy to power the new inventions...
Words: 2367 - Pages: 10
...II May 7, 2012 Authored by: Eric Rullmann Hydraulic fracturing, otherwise known as fracking, is a 60 year old practice of pumping high pressure water into shale rock thousands of feet below the earth’s surface. The pressurized water is pumped through cement encased pipes at pressures reaching 9000 pounds per square inch. The treated water is forced into small cracks in the gas-rich shale rock, resulting in the breaking of the rock and the release of natural gas that would otherwise be unobtainable. Hydraulic fracturing is a safe, economically efficient way to drill for natural gas, create jobs, and lessen America’s dependency on foreign oil. Safety is always an important factor when considering new methods for obtaining raw energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural and shale gas. The process of fracking can be considered relatively safe when compared to oil drilling and mining. For example, in 2010 an offshore drilling station suffered a malfunction in a blow back valve that caused a massive explosion killing 11 people and spilling an estimated 200 million gallons of oil into the Gulf of Mexico (Center for Biological Diversity, 2011). While the cost of...
Words: 2097 - Pages: 9
...Jordan Bailey Energy Resource, Oil Looking back in time the earliest oil well drilling was done in 4th century China, maybe even earlier. The Chinese burned the oil to evaporate brine and produce salt. They also probably used the oil for lamps and possibly to an extent to heat themselves as well as their homes. By the 10th century, extensive pipelines connected oil wells with the salt springs. In the western world, the petroleum industry started near Titusville, Pennsylvania, with Edwin Drake’s discovery of oil in 1859. The new oil industry, the fuel oil and home heating oil industry we know today, grew slowly in the 1800’s and did not become a real national concern until the early part of the 20th century. The internal combustion engine created a whole new scenario for the oil industry which provided and still provides a demand for refined fuel oil that still exists today. Early finds of oil like those in Pennsylvania quickly ran dry leading to “oil booms” in Texas, Oklahoma, and California. Other countries had much larger oil reserves and stated to develop them at an industrial level. As late as 1955 coal was still the world’s most used fuel. Oil then began to take over the scene and became the predominant fuel to heat homes. Following the 1973 energy crisis and the 1979 energy crisis there became the concern that oil is a limited resource and will eventually run out, at least as an economically viable energy source. In 2004 there was a report done by USA Today news...
Words: 942 - Pages: 4
...The Ford Motor Company established itself as one of the preeminent auto companies worldwide with a long, refulgent history of automobile development for over one hundred years. As one of the leading vehicles manufacturers and prestigious brands in the world automobile industry, Ford’s solid brand management is its major strength. In 2014, Ford stands as the second largest automobile manufacturer in the United States and fourth largest in the world (Forbes). Furthermore, the firm ranks eighth among the largest American corporations in the 2014 Fortune 500 companies list. In the past decade, Ford succeeded in building credible and reputable auto products – its vehicles are visible on the roads throughout the United States. The company has garnered a loyal customer base and reputation through its quality goods and services. In fact, due to its mature US market and loyal customer base, Ford ranked second on a best car brand perception survey about customer satisfaction and brand loyalty (Consumer Reports). Ford endured despite the major financial hits of the 2008 recession because of its extensive knowledge of US market and consumers, and its great reputation in its home market for reliability, performance, and durability. In fact, Ford has leveraged its strong market position and brand name to intensify its competitive advantage and expand into international markets in over two hundred countries. As a result, Ford has achieved magnificent profits, especially in major developing...
Words: 789 - Pages: 4
...Stephan Orgiazzi 1 PepsiCo - The Company Pepsi (formerly known as Pepsi-Cola) is a cola carbonated soft drink that is produced and manufactured by PepsiCo. Created and developed in 1893 by Caleb Bradham, it was named Pepsi-Cola because of the digestive enzyme pepsin and kola nuts used in the recipe. Bradham sought to create a fountain drink that was delicious and would aid in digestion and boost energy. As the cola developed in popularity, he created the Pepsi-Cola Company in 1902 and registered a patent for his recipe in 1903. During over a century, the company product line expanded with the creation of alternative cola recipes such as Diet Pepsi and the purchase of popular soda companies like Mountain Dew. In 1965, the Pepsi-Cola Company merged with snack company Frito-Lay, Inc. to become PepsiCo, Inc. Interesting fact: PepsiCo was the first company to stamp expiration dates, starting in March 1994. (1), (2) Vision of the company The mission of the PepsiCo focuses on products and performance primarily, with a few values thrown in for good measure. The mission statement of the PepsiCo Company is: "Our mission is to be the world's premier consumer products company focused on convenient foods and beverages. We seek to produce financial rewards to investors as we provide opportunities for growth and enrichment to our employees, our business partners and the communities in which we operate. And in everything we do, we strive for honesty, fairness and integrity." (3) ...
Words: 1853 - Pages: 8
...is and is Essential The need to preserve energy is an issue that is of growing importance. In order to fulfill this need, attention has been aimed at discovering alternative resources in the oil and gas industry by utilizing methods of hydraulic fracturing. The process of hydraulic fracturing is by no means a new technique, having been used in oil and gas wells throughout the United States since 1947. Hydraulic Fracturing is an extremely efficient technique used in the extraction of oil gas and other fluids. The process involves injecting high-pressure fluids, containing sand or a similar substance, into the earth, creating fractures hundreds of feet long that branch out from a central drill hole. The fractures are held open by the substance in the fluids being injected, increasing the permeability, which allows the oil and gas to effortlessly flow through and into the well where it is then extracted. Fracturing has been continuously evolving due to innovations and advances in technology. An example of this growth is the introduction of horizontal drilling in the early 2000s which has allowed access to oil, gas, and shale reserves that were previously unobtainable by earlier methods or reserves that were not economically viable to develop. Hydraulic Fracturing is an extremely important and beneficial process that is used by an overwhelming majority of oil and gas producers in the United States. A study conducted by the U.S. Energy Information Administration found that the amount...
Words: 1513 - Pages: 7
