...Formation interne Qu'est-ce que la formation interne ? Une formation interne est une formation organisée par l'entreprise au bénéfice de l'un ou plusieurs de ses salariés. L'entreprise s’occupe de la conception du stage, du contenu pédagogique et de l'organisation pratique du déroulement. La formation interne peut se dérouler dans les locaux de l’entreprise ou en dehors. Important : si une partie de la formationa lieu sur les lieux de production, ou au poste de travail du stagiaire, celle-ci doit respecter des conditions précises pour être considérée comme une formation. Il est obligatoire d'en informer les représentants du personnel. Les formateurs peuvent être soit des salariés de l'entreprise soit, sous certaines conditions, des formateurs extérieurs, qui interviennent à la demande de l’entreprise pour des activités spécifiques. Temps de formation et rémunération ? La rémunération des salariés pendant leur formation obéit à des règles différentes selon que celle-ci est organisée pendant ou en dehors du temps de travail habituel. En règle générale, les actions de formation inscrites dans le plan de formation se déroulent pendant le temps de travail, dans le cadre de l'horaire normal de l'entreprise. Dans ce cas, la rémunération est maintenue. La réalisation de la formation en dehors du temps de travail, c'est-à-dire sur des temps habituellement non travaillés (jours de congés payés, de RTT, soirées...) est possible. Les règles relatives à la rémunération du salarié...
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...Nuit et brouillard is primarily a film about the memory of the Holocaust than about the Holocaust itself During World War II, France woefully surrendered itself to the Nazi Regime. This new government, led by Henri-Philippe Pétain, was soon to implement Hitler’s anti-Semitic laws and, consequently, France became involved in an event recognised worldwide as the ‘systematic mass murder of European Jewry by the Nazis’ – the Holocaust. Following the end of the war, Charles de Gaulle hastily recovered France’s collective identity and repressed the reality of the nation’s collaboration out of shame. The result? A ‘crisis of consciousness’, in which French society was incapable of facing its shared responsibility. Resnais’s documentary, Nuit et brouillard, offered an even plane, where France was able to recover its memory of the Holocaust. In the forthcoming discussion, there will be detailed consideration as to whether the memory of said genocide is the fundamental theme of Nuit et brouillard, with close reference to the film’s imagery, text, and musical composition. Shot in 1955, ten years following the camp’s liberation, Resnais’s film begins with post-war colour images of Auschwitz, capturing what remains of the barren land. As the camera progressively moves through the barbed wire fence, the present day moment is established and one sees ‘une drôle d’herbe’ surrounding the edges. The inclusion of overgrown flora can be argued as a metaphor for the surface and deep memories...
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...The term French New Wave is also known as La Nouvelle Vague. It refers to the work of a group of French film-makers between the years 1958 to 1964. The film directors who formed the core of this group are François Truffaut, Jean-Luc Godard, Claude Chabrol, Jacques Rivette and Eric Rohmer. They all where once film critics for the magazine Cahiers du Cinéma. Other French directors, including Agnés Varda and Louis Malle, soon became associated with the French New Wave movement. They momentarily transformed French cinema and had a great impact on filmmakers throughout the world. During the late 1950s and early 1960s young film-makers in many countries were creating their own "new waves", but the new wave movement in France turned out to be the most influential. The French New Wave directors' background in film theory and criticism was a major factor in this. They changed notions of how a film could be made and were driven by a desire to forge a new cinema.The term ‘New Wave’ was coined by a journalist named Françoise Giroud who, in late 1957, wrote a series of articles on French youth for the weekly news magazine L’Express. The Cahiers du Cinéma critics were highly critical of the glossy, formulaic and studio-bound French cinema of the 1940s and 1950s, but praised the work of 1930s French film-makers Jean Renoir and Jean Vigo and the work of the Italian neo-realists, including Roberto Rossellini and Vittorio De Sica. They also championed certain Hollywood directors, for example...
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...Writing Assignment The French Revolution in 1789 came as a surprise to many people during that time. For a country with such absolute Monarchy and was advanced in every single way comparing to other European countries, revolution is something that no one would expect. However, some Primary Sources clearly shows evidence of the need for revolution among the commoners in France. Some factors that had caused the idea of rebellion include a king that’s completely incompetent, the bankruptcy in the country and hope of liberty after seeing the success of American Revolution. In the end it is the eager for freedom and anger towards high taxes in the third estate that finally led France into the great revolution. In Arthur Young’s travel diaries, he stressed a few key circumstances that led to the outbreak of French Revolution. In his opinion, the French Revolution was not so much a surprise and the seeds of revolution had been spread and deeply ingrained in the French long ago. First, he pointed out the long unsolved financial problem that had been bothering the nation. However, the king in throne does not have the knowledge to solve such crisis nor do the court that immersed themselves in pleasure. On top of the financial crisis, the commoners wanted for some immediate change but do not know what to look up to and hope for. I think what Young is trying telling us is that the root to the revolution is the mass bankruptcy in the country. The king could have solved this primary crisis...
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...The gathering of the Estates-General produced a so-called list of grievances (Cahiers de Doleances) from the three estates. Did the cahiers put forth demands that created the French Revolution? At face value, absolutely; however, nothing in these documents exude a wish for violence against the king. A revolution was bound to happen, yet not a violent one. All documents, but document one, expresses that the people do not mind the king. Phrases include “desiring to give to a beloved monarch” (2), “France is a true monarchy, where a single man rules and is ruled by law alone” (4) “king shall enjoy full extent of executive power…troops promise obedience and fidelity to the king and the nation” (5), “paternal kindness of the King…service of His...
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...editing, visual style and narrative part of a general break with the conservative paradigm. Using portable equipment and requiring little or no set up time, the New Wave way of filmmaking presented a documentary type style. The films exhibited direct sounds on film stock that required less light. Filming techniques included fragmented, discontinuous editing, and long takes. The combination of objective realism, subjective realism, and authorial commentary created a narrative ambiguity in the sense that questions that arise in a film are not answered in the end. It holds that the director is the "author" of his movies, with a personal signature visible from film to film. The informal movement was spearheaded by a handful of critics from Cahiers du cinema Jean-Luc Godard, François Truffaut, Eric...
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...Les guides du CEPRI L’ACB (analyse coût/bénéfice) : une aide à la décision au service de la gestion des inondations Guide à l’usage des maîtres d’ouvrage et de leurs partenaires Novembre 2011 réseau PAPI Les collectivités en Europe pour la prévention du risque d’inondation Éditorial au risque se retrouve un jour ou l’autre confronté et parfois démuni face à ces questions. Les arguments qui concourent à la prise de décision sont nombreux et, bien souvent, ne convergent pas vers une unique solution. Rarement le souci de l’analyse des bénéfices économiques réels des projets potentiels se retrouve au cœur de la prise de décision. Cela est particulièrement vrai lorsque la réflexion se fait dans l’urgence, suite à une catastrophe et sous la pression compréhensible des sinistrés. Comment en effet introduire des considérations strictement économiques dans les prises de décision lorsque des populations ont été meurtries par des inondations ? Depuis la création du CEPRI en décembre 2006, j’ai souhaité inscrire cette question dans nos priorités car j’ai pu mesurer que des prises de décision hâtives, fondées sur des critères encore trop souvent exclusivement hydrauliques, ne garantissent pas le choix des projets les plus efficaces en termes de prévention et les moins lourds financièrement pour notre société. Depuis quatre ans, le travail du CEPRI a montré que les analyses coût/bénéfice nous aident dans ce sens et éclairent nos décisions, sans pour autant devenir un “couperet”...
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...* Devise * Modalités d’expédition (emballage/marquage/mode de transport) * Modalités de paiement (conditions + mode) * Délai de livraison * Durée de validité de l’offre * Eléments relatifs au règlement des litiges ou clauses renvoyant aux conditions générales de vente export c- Présentation matérielle : Langue du pays concerné Produits standardisés | Acheteur régulier : facture pro forma | | Premier contact : Présentationd e l’entreprise, documentation commerciale sur les produits, facture pro forma | | Contrat de distribution : tarif joint au contrat conclu avec le distributeur | Biens d’équipement | Présentation de l’entreprise à laquelle sera joint un dossier d’offre comportant un volet technique (cahier des charges) et un volet commercial (modalités de paiement) | 2) Réception de la commande Bon de commande ou contrat a- Examen de la commande : * Provenance Obj = Réduire les risques d’impayé * Client nouveau : Prudence, se renseigner (notoriété) ou formuler une demande d’option auprès de l’assureur-crédit (recouvrement créances clients et financement du compte client) ou consulter le factor dans le cas d’un contrat d’affacturage * Client connu : Vérifier s’il est à jour dans le règlement des factures antérieures. Si l’entreprise est assurée dans le cadre d’une assurance-crédit, il faut évaluer le découvert...
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...bourgeoisie, however this is not entirely accurate. The movement included members from all three Estates. The Third Estate was the most predominant. Together with the bourgeoisie, the peasants and town workers played a key role in the formation of the movement and their actions and protests. The bourgeoisie were an integral part in the ‘patriot’ movement, yet there were other groups involved who all had the same intent; to overthrow the nobility and destroy the ancient feudal system. 2. In terms of aims, is it true to say that the ‘patriot’ movement aimed only to solve problems that affected the bourgeoisie? The movement’s aim was not solely focused on grievances that affected the bourgeoisie. Many of the grievances listed in the cahiers de Doleance were commonly felt by all groups. Each Estate and group had various grievances that affected them greatly and were used as their primary objective. There were many issues and problems that were intended to be solved during the movement. bourgeosie 3. What does Soboul understand by a ‘bourgeois’ relvolution? Soboul believes that a “bourgeoisie revolution” was the reason for the French Revolution. He believes that the modern bourgeois appeared during the revolution and were the forcefield behind the revolution. The Marxist theory states that the bourgeoisie were angered by it’s exclusion from the highest powers in France, and challenged the ancient regime. He is under the belief that the intention and outcome of the revolution...
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...A competitive advantage is something a firm or product has that competing firm or products don’t have Service quality as a competitive advantage Are product features that can be an advantage for a while but will soon become standard as time goes on. It simples shows how the business uses there criteria to give them that unique edge Customer value as a competitive advantage Simple entails if the customer getting a bargain Customer satisfaction as a competitive advantage Products that have either met or exceeded customer expectation Customer-oriented employees as a competitive advantage Employees’ attitudes and actions must be customer-oriented, because normally the image of one person can be a reflection of the entire organisation Well-trained employees as a competitive advantage Employees must be sent on continuous training and re-training as it is vital in customer service Employee empowerment as a competitive advantage Gives employees the authority to solve customer problems Teamwork as a competitive advantage Involves collaborative efforts to accomplish common goals by assigning employees to teams and teach them team-building skills, because teamwork requires good human relation and interpersonal skills Dynamic Deli portrays standards high quality, fresh products, courteous and competent employees; and clean, attractive and inviting restaurant which help the give an edge over their competitors. With saying that the competitive advantages that Dynamic Deli...
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...structures I Les adjectifs Chapitre 3, p. 84-86 lire et apprendre les encadrés. ------------------------------------------------- Faire ex. 5, 6, 8 ------------------------------------------------- J’ai posté des exercices supplémentaires et j’aimerais que vous les fassiez. La correction est à la fin du document. ------------------------------------------------- -Structures II :C'est - Il est p. 91 lire encadrés + ex. p. 92 n. 1. ------------------------------------------------- -COMPRÉHENSION DE TEXTES : Le bénévolat chez les jeunes, p. 83. Préparer le texte + les questions de compréhension pour samedi 13 septembre. Il y aura une mise en commun par groupe. ------------------------------------------------- 3-Manuel Interaction, cahier d'activités écrites ------------------------------------------------- Chapitre 3, p. 345 A et B (lire le vocabulaire dans le manuel de cours). ------------------------------------------------- p. 347, E et p. 348 G ------------------------------------------------- Dictée p. 351. Vous devez vous corriger. ------------------------------------------------- 4-Rédaction-Production écrite à rendre au plus tard le 20 septembre. ------------------------------------------------- Sujet : Présentation personnelle de 100-150 mots...
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...French Revolution. The Philosophes planted the seeds for the French Revolution. Their goals were to expose and destroy the inequalities of the ancient regime (old order). The political discontent of France was one of the causes of the Revolution. In the 17th and 18th centuries, France was ruled by an absolute government. The king had all the political powers. Anyone who criticized the government could be arrested and put in prison without trial. Louis XVI was king at the time of the French Revolution. He was more interested in hunting than governing France. He and his Austrian queen, Marie Antoinette, lived an extravagant life at the Palace of Versailles. They did not really care about the state of their country. The excerpt from the cahiers mentioned in document 3 shows that the votes in the assembly were not taken by head. The people of the 3rd estate felt a sense of betrayal when the king supported the block voting over the head voting. The first two estates worked together to outvote the large third estate to keep them from becoming a threat to the power. Lord Acton, an Englishmen, states that the monarchy being overthrown wasn't the spark of the Revolution. He recognizes the American Independence as the spark of the French Revolution. The French government was inefficient, unjust and corrupt. There were numerous government departments, different laws in different parts of the country and officials. Many people became livid at the way France was governed. The people couldn't...
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...en changeant les machines, le matériel et plus largement les postes, ou en apportant des modifications sur ceux-ci. Ce service est aussi en charge du choix des machines lors de nouveaux achats ou de la conception de celle-ci le cas échéant. Le service méthodes est en veille technologique constante Attributions : Politique de maintenance par équipement Définir les interventions de maintenance à assurer par la production Elaboration des gammes d’intervention en commençant par les équipements dont la maintenance est très couteuse Préparation des interventions les plus onéreuses Analyse causale et originelle des défaillances Maitrise des arrêts programmés Réception des équipements Elaboration des descriptifs, techniques et cahier des charge- type pour marchés, prestations et PDR Développer les concepts de la prise en compte de la maintenance à l’acquisition des équipements et installations Définition des critères...
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...revolution as an example for change(Doc 9). Despite the middle class starting the revolution, the spark that brought their ideas to life was the Declaration of American Independence(Doc 4). The balance of social status in France also repaired the economy, showing just how big of a role society plays in a country. Another significant factor leading up to the revolution was France’s broken political system. France’s government was ruled by a king with three estates making up the estate general, the third estate was dominated by the first and second. Document ten shows a nobleman and a member of the clergy standing on a commoner, representing the cruel treatment and heavy taxation that was put upon the third estate. Document two, an excerpt from cahiers or complaints about the government, says that assembly should be taken by head. The assembly voted to change laws, each estate got one vote even though the third estate was made up of 98% of the total population. This made lawmaking very unfair for the third estate and was later changed, giving each individual person their own vote. The revolution also reorganized education, gave people freedom of speech, given rise to the press, and opened more libraries and museums(Doc 7). ...
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...Negritude was both a literary and ideological movement led by French-speaking black writers and intellectuals. The movement is marked by its rejection of European colonization and its role in the African diaspora, pride in "blackness" and traditional African values and culture, mixed with an undercurrent of Marxist ideals. Its founders (or les trois pères), Aimé Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor, and Léon-Gontran Damas, met while studying in Paris in 1931 and began to publish the first journal devoted to Negritude, L'Étudiant noir (The Black Student), in 1934. The term "Negritude" was coined by Césaire in his Cahier d’un retour au pays natal (1939) and it means, in his words, "the simple recognition of the fact that one is black, the acceptance of this fact and of our destiny as blacks, of our history and culture." Even in its beginnings Negritude was truly an international movement--drawing inspiration from the flowering of African-American culture brought about by the writers and thinkers of the Harlem Renaissance while asserting its place in the canon of French literature, glorifying the traditions of the African continent, and attracting participants in the colonized countries of the Caribbean, North Africa, and Latin America. The movement's sympathizers included French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre and Jacques Roumain, founder of the Haitian Communist party. The movement would later find a major critic in Wole Soyinka, the Nigerian playwright and poet, who believed that...
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